Method of determining missing color values for pixels in a color filter array

• US 6,181,376 B1
• Filed: 10/14/1997
• Issued: 01/30/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 10/14/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Macy, William, Rashkovskiy, Oleg
• Primary Examiner(s): HO, TUAN V
• Application Number:
  US08/950,166
• Time in Patent Office: 1,204 Days
• Field of Search: H04/N.314, 348/207, 348/222, 348/234, 348/235, 348/272, 348/273, 348/274, 348/281, 348/282, 348/280
• US Class Current: 348/273
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/4015 Image demosaicing, e.g. colour filter arrays [CFA] or Bayer patterns
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/843 Demosaicing, e.g. interpolating colour pixel values
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 25/134 based on three different wavelength filter elements

Abstract

Missing color values for pixels in a color filter array created by a digital camera and having a Bayer pattern are generated by determining values for all missing green color values for pixels in the color filter array by interpolation of known green color values adjacent along diagonal lines and determining values for all missing red and blue color values for the pixels from the sum of an interpolation term and a luminance correction term based on differences between green color values of adjacent pixels. The missing green color values are determined by computing temporary values for green which lie at the corners of pixels having known green color values using cubic B-spline filters oriented along diagonally adjacent green color pixels, determining final values for green at the centers of pixels having known red and blue values by using cubic B-spline filters oriented along diagonally adjacent red and blue color pixels, and by sampling the temporary green values.

Claims

1. A method of generating missing color values for pixels in an array, each pixel having one of at least first, second, and third color values, comprising:

determining values for all missing second color values for pixels in the array through interpolation of known second color values adjacent along diagonal lines from the missing second color values by determining temporary values for the second color which lie at the corners of pixels having known second color values using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent second color pixels and by determining final values for the second color at centers of pixels having known first and third color values by using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent first and third color pixels and sampling the temporary second color values; and

determining values for all missing first and third color values for the pixels from a sum of an interpolation term and a luminance correction term based on differences between second color values of adjacent pixels.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the filters comprise cubic B-spline filters.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pixels of the array have color values arranged according to a Bayer pattern.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the interpolation term comprises first color values of at least two horizontally or vertically adjacent pixels.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the interpolation term comprises third color values of at least two horizontally or vertically adjacent pixels.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the luminance correction term includes the difference between the second color value at the location of an interpolated value of a first color value and second color values at locations of measured first color values used in the calculation of the interpolation term.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the luminance correction term includes the difference between the first color value at the location of an interpolated value of a third color value and second color values at locations of measured third color values used in the calculation of the interpolation term.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the first color value is red, the second color value is green, and the third color value is blue.

9. A system for generating missing color values for pixels in an array, each pixel having one of first, second, or third color values, comprising:

means for determining values for all missing second color values for pixels in the array through interpolation of known second color values adjacent along diagonal lines from the missing second color values by determining temporary values for the second color which lie at the corners of pixels having known second color values using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent second color pixels and by determining final values for the second color at centers of pixels having known first and third color values by using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent first and third color pixels and sampling the temporary second color values; and

means for determining values for all missing first and third color values for the pixels from a sum of an interpolation term and a luminance correction term based on differences between second color values of adjacent pixels.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the first color value is red, the second color value is green, and the third color value is blue.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the filters comprise cubic B-spline filters.

12. A system for processing a color filter image having a plurality of pixels, each pixel having one of first, second, or third color values, comprising:

a storage medium to store the color filter array and a plurality of programming instructions; and

a processor coupled to the storage medium, the processor executing the programming instructions for determining values for all missing second color values for pixels in the color filter image through interpolation of known second color values adjacent along diagonal lines from the missing second color values by determining temporary values for the second color which lie at the corners of pixels having known second color values using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent second color pixels and by determining final values for the second color at centers of pixels having known first and third color values by using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent first and third color pixels and sampling the temporary second color values; and

determining values for all missing first and third color values for the pixels from a sum of an interpolation term and a luminance correction term based on differences between second color values of adjacent pixels.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the first color value is red, the second color value is green, and the third color value is blue.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the filters comprise cubic B-spline filters.

15. A machine readable medium having stored therein a plurality of machine readable instructions designed to be executed by a processor, the machine readable instructions for generating missing color values for pixels in a color filter image, each pixel having one of first, second, or third color values, the machine readable instructions comprising instructions for determining values for all missing second color values for pixels in the color filter image through interpolation of known second color values adjacent along diagonal lines from the missing second color values by determining temporary values for the second color which lie at the corners of pixels having known second color values using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent second color pixels and by determining final values for the second color at centers of pixels having known first and third color values by using filters oriented along diagonally adjacent first and third color pixels and sampling the temporary second color values, and for determining values for all missing first and third color values for the pixels from a sum of an interpolation term and a luminance correction term based on differences between second color values of adjacent pixels.

16. The machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first color value is red, the second color value is green, and the third color value is blue.

17. The machine readable medium of claim 15, wherein the filters comprise cubic B-spline filters.