Check fraud detection techniques using encrypted payee information

• US 6,181,814 B1
• Filed: 07/14/1998
• Issued: 01/30/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 01/18/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Bank of America Corp.
• Original Assignee: Merrill Lynch & Co. Incorporated (Bank of America Corp.)
• Inventors: Carney, James F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Johns, Andrew W.
• Application Number:
  US09/115,315
• Time in Patent Office: 931 Days
• Field of Search: 382/112, 382/137, 382/138, 382/139, 382/140, 356/71, 340/825.33, 340/825.34, 705/44, 705/45, 380/28
• US Class Current: 382/137
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/04 Payment circuits
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 20/042 characterized in that the payment protocol involves at least one cheque
• CPC Class Codes: G07D 7/0047 using checkcodes, e.g. coded numbers derived from serial number and denomination
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/08 by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means without personal verification means G07F7/02
• CPC Class Codes: G07F 7/12 Card verification

Abstract

A system and method for detecting and thus preventing check fraud utilizing a digital computer with image capture and interpretation systems. The system converts the payee information, issue date and the MICR line information (account number, check number and dollar amount) to a check digit which is then placed into the MICR line of a check, printed on its face or transmitted via the paid issuance file to the drawee bank. The drawee bank, upon presentment utilizes a transformation algorithm to convert the printed payee information and issue date on the check into a numerical value that is combined with MICR line information and a check digit is calculated based upon pre-agreed logic. This unique data processing system quickly confirms properly presented checks while effectively precludes payee and other alterations in a cost effective manner.

Claims

1. A system for determining whether payee information on a check has been improperly modified after the original preparation of the check, the system comprising:

a first computing mechanism for receiving and storing payee information for printing on a check;

the payee information comprising an alphabetic portion specifying a payee name and a numeric portion specifying at least a payment amount;

the first computing mechanism further including a conversion mechanism for converting said alphabetic portion of said printed payee information to an encrypted first digitized value;

for converting said numeric portion of said printed payee information to an encrypted second digitized value; and

for combining said first and second digitized values into an encrypted third digitized value for processing in a digital computer;

a second computing mechanism for receiving information about said check, including a scanning mechanism to convert the alphabetic portion of the printed payee information to a fourth digitized value, and to convert the numeric portion of the printed payee information to a fifth digitized value;

the computing mechanism combining the fourth and fifth digitized values into an encrypted sixth digitized value; and

the second computing mechanism further comprising a comparison mechanism for comparing the third digitized value with the sixth digitized value so as to thereby determine whether the printed payee information on said check has been changed.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein said third digitized value is placed in the MICR code of the check and said second computing mechanism reads said MICR coded third digitized value.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said scanning mechanism includes optical character recognition techniques for reading alphabetic and numeric characters.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein the third digitized value is generated by a local data processor based upon a distinct and identified algorithm selected from a group of available algorithms.

5. The system of claim 4 wherein said third digitized value is a single check digit corresponding to the payee information on said check.

6. A banking fraud prevention process using a digital computer and utilized to prevent the submission for payment of a check having payee information altered, the payee information comprising at least an alphabetic portion specifying a payee name and a numeric portion specifying at least a payment amount, the method comprising the steps of:

transforming the alphabetic portion into a first numerical value, transforming the numeric portion into a second numerical value, and transforming the first and second numerical values into a third numerical value comprising an encoded payee identifier, wherein the transformations are performed via a predetermined algorithm; and

wherein the encoded payee identifier is printed on the check;

receiving said payee identifier;

receiving a presented check having a payee'"'"'s as-presented information printed thereon;

the payee'"'"'s as-presented information comprising at least an alphabetic portion specifying an as-presented payee name, a numeric portion specifying at least an as-presented payment amount, and an as-presented encoded payee identifier;

converting the alphabetic portion of the payee'"'"'s as-presented information to a first digital value via said predetermined algorithm;

converting the numeric portion of the payee'"'"'s as-presented information to a second digital value via said predetermined algorithm; and

combining the first and second digital values, using the predetermined algorithm, to generate a third digital value;

comparing said as-presented encoded payee identifier with the third digital value to determine whether a match exists.

7. The process of claim 6 wherein the encoded payee identifier is a single check digit value.

8. The process of claim 7 wherein said algorithm is selected from a group of distinct algorithms.

9. The process of claim 8 wherein the alphabetic portion is converted to digital form by image capture software.

10. The process of claim 7 wherein the alphabetic portion of the payee'"'"'s as-presented information on said presented check is scanned by an image camera.

11. The process of claim 6 further comprising the steps of incremental processing a series of pre-printed checks in a sequential manner.

12. A system for confirming check accuracy and preventing altered checks from being honored;

said system comprising;

a. a first computing mechanism for generating checks corresponding to accounts and payment obligations wherein each check has printed payee information comprising at least an alphabetic portion and a numeric portion;

b. the computing mechanism further comprising a calculation mechanism for calculating an encrypted numeric value corresponding to payee information and for identifying a transformation algorithm used for encryption;

wherein the encrypted numeric value is determined by calculating a first numeric value from the alphabetic portion, calculating a second numeric value from the numeric portion, and combining the first and second numeric values to generate an encrypted numeric value;

c. a communications mechanism for conveying said numeric value and the identified transformation algorithm to one or more drawee banks; and

d. a printing mechanism for printing said checks for distribution to the payees.

13. The system of claim 12 wherein said communications mechanism comprises placing said numeric value on said printed check.

14. The system of claim 12 wherein said communications mechanism comprises placing said numeric value in a paid issuance file.

15. A data processing system for the detection of altered checks as presented at a drawee bank for disbursement, said system comprising:

a first computing mechanism for printing a plurality of individual checks wherein said checks include payee information on the check face;

the payee information comprising at least an alphabetic portion and a numeric portion;

said computing mechanism further comprising a data processing mechanism for encrypting the alphabetic portion to form a first numeric value, encrypting the numeric portion to form a second numeric value, and combining the first and second numeric values to form a first encrypted digitized value; and

a second computing mechanism for processing checks submitted for payment, including a receiver for receiving said encrypted digitized value, and a scanning mechanism for generating a second encrypted digitized value corresponding to said selected payee information;

said second computing mechanism further comprising a comparison mechanism for comparing said first and second encrypted digitized values to discern whether said values match.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein said first computing mechanism further includes a mechanism for encrypting payee information in accordance with one of plural encryption algorithms wherein said selected algorithm is communicated to or calculated by said second computing mechanism and used to transform said scanned payee information to said second digitized value.

17. The system of claim 16 wherein the selected encryption algorithm is communicated to said second computing mechanism by placing an algorithm indicator on the face of said check.

18. The system of claim 17 wherein the selected encryption algorithm is sent to said second computing mechanism by electronic file transfer.

19. The system of claim 18 wherein the encryption algorithm is part of a paid issuance file sent to the second computing mechanism.