Color-stabilized electrochromic devices
First Claim
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1. An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device, comprising:
- an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic; and
an additive, wherein the additive is more easily reduced than the cathodic material, and wherein the additive substantially precludes the formation of a residual reduced cathodic material while the electrochromic medium is in a high transmission state.
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Abstract
An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device comprising an anodic material and a cathodic material wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic, an additive, and means associated with the additive for maintaining a colorless or nearly colorless electrochromic medium while the electrochromic medium is in a high transmission state relative to an electrochromic medium without the additive.
265 Citations
57 Claims
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1. An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device, comprising:
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an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic; and
an additive, wherein the additive is more easily reduced than the cathodic material, and wherein the additive substantially precludes the formation of a residual reduced cathodic material while the electrochromic medium is in a high transmission state. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
at least one substantially transparent substrate; and
an electrochromic medium according to claims 1, 15, 17, 28, or 46 associated with the at least one substantially transparent substrate.
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52. The electrochromic device according to claim 51, comprising a first substantially transparent substrate and a second substrate.
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53. The electrochromic device according to claim 52, wherein the device is an electrochromic window.
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54. The electrochromic device according to claim 52, wherein the second substrate is plated with a reflective material.
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55. The electrochromic device according to claim 54, wherein the reflective material is selected from the group comprising chromium, rhodium, silver, alloys of the same, and mixtures thereof.
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56. The electrochromic device according to claim 55, wherein the device is a vehicular electrochromic mirror.
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15. An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device, comprising:
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an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic; and
an additive, wherein the additive comprises a reduced form of the cathodic material. - View Dependent Claims (16)
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17. An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device, comprising:
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an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic; and
an additive, wherein the additive is more easily oxidized than the anodic material and wherein the additive substantially precludes the formation of a residual oxidized anodic material while the electrochromic medium is in a high transmission state, said additive being selected from the group comprising substituted ferrocenes, substituted ferrocenyl salts, and mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device, comprising:
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an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic; and
an additive, wherein the additive comprises;
a first component that is more easily reduced than the cathodic material; and
a second component that is more easily oxidized than the anodic material. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45)
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46. An electrochromic medium for use in a normally operating electrochromic device, comprising:
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an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic;
an additive; and
means associated with the additive for maintaining a nearly colorless electrochromic medium while the electrochromic medium is in a high transmission state relative to an electrochromic medium without the additive. - View Dependent Claims (47, 48, 49, 50)
the first component is more easily reduced than the cathodic material; - and
the second component is more easily oxidized than the anodic material.
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57. An electrochromic process comprising the steps of:
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providing an electrochromic medium which comprises an anodic material and a cathodic material, wherein both of the anodic and cathodic materials are electroactive and at least one of the anodic and cathodic materials is electrochromic and an additive;
cycling the electrochromic medium between a high transmission state and a low transmission state; and
maintaining a nearly colorless electrochromic medium during said high transmission state relative to an electrochromic medium without the additive.
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Specification