Providing auxiliary information with frame-based encoded audio information

• US 6,188,987 B1
• Filed: 11/17/1998
• Issued: 02/13/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/17/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation (Dolby Laboratories Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation (Dolby Laboratories Incorporated)
• Inventors: Fielder, Louis Dunn
• Primary Examiner(s): Hudspeth, David R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Chawan, Vijay B
• Application Number:
  US09/193,186
• Time in Patent Office: 819 Days
• Field of Search: 704/500-504, 704/229, 704/230, 348/472, 348/512, 348/515, 369/48, 369/59, 369/93, 360/32, 360/48, 360/27
• US Class Current: 704/501
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2335 involving reformatting operations of audio signals, e.g. by converting from one coding standard to another details of audio signal transcoding G10L19/173
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23602 Multiplexing isochronously with the video sync, e.g. according to bit-parallel or bit-serial interface formats, as SDI
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23614 Multiplexing of additional data and video streams arrangements for simultaneous broadcast of plural pieces of information H04H20/28
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2368 Multiplexing of audio and video streams
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/2383 Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by adapting the channel coding H04L1/0009; analogue front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/242 Synchronization processes, e.g. processing of PCR [Program Clock References] arrangements for synchronising broadcast or distribution via plural systems in broadcast distribution systems H04H20/18
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4302 Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4341 Demultiplexing of audio and video streams
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4342 Demultiplexing isochronously with video sync, e.g. according to bit-parallel or bit-serial interface formats, as SDI
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4348 Demultiplexing of additional data and video streams
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/4382 Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation analog front ends or means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line H04L27/0002

Abstract

Blocks of encoded audio information are arranged in frames separated by gaps or guard bands that are aligned with frames of video information. The gaps are provided to protect the audio information against corruption caused by uncertainties or jitter in editing operations such as switching between two difference sources of video/audio information. The otherwise wasted space or bandwidth required to convey the gaps is utilized by conveying encoded segments of auxiliary information. When the encoded auxiliary information is subsequently decoded, an error recovery process provides substitute information for those segments that are corrupted by an editing operation. In one embodiment, the recovery process is adapted according to the choice of an auxiliary sync word conveyed in the segment.

Claims

1. A method for encoding audio information and auxiliary information comprising steps that perform the acts of:

receiving an audio signal conveying audio information,

receiving a reference signal,

receiving an auxiliary signal conveying auxiliary information,

constructing auxiliary segments each comprising a block of auxiliary information and an error detection code, and

generating an output signal conveying the audio information arranged in frames separated by gaps such that each gap is aligned with the reference signal and conveys a respective auxiliary segment, wherein the audio information in the frames of audio information and the auxiliary information in the segments of auxiliary information are constrained to avoid data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the audio information is formatted according to standard ANSI S4.40 and is arranged in the frames according to standard SMPTE 272M.

3. A method according to claim 1 that further comprises processing the frames of audio information to avoid data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

4. A method according to claim 1 that further comprises processing the auxiliary information to avoid data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

5. A method according to claim 1 that constructs auxiliary segments with a variable length block of auxiliary information and an indication of that length, wherein the indication of that length is formed such that it avoids data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

6. A method according to claim 1 that constructs the auxiliary segments with an auxiliary synchronization word having a data pattern in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

7. A method according to claim 1 that constructs the auxiliary segments with respective auxiliary synchronization words selected from the set of forbidden data patterns, wherein the set of forbidden data patterns includes a plurality of forbidden data patterns.

8. A method according to claim 1 wherein the frames of audio information comprise an audio synchronization word having a data pattern in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

9. A method for processing audio information and auxiliary information comprising steps that perform the acts of:

receiving an input signal conveying audio information arranged in frames separated by gaps and conveying auxiliary segments arranged in the gaps,

processing the input signal to locate the auxiliary segments,

for each respective auxiliary segment, extracting a block of auxiliary information and an error detection code, and evaluating the error detection code to validate contents of the block of auxiliary information.

10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the audio information is formatted according to standard ANSI S4.40 and is arranged in the frames according to standard SMPTE 272M.

11. A method according to claim 9 that further comprises extracting control information to control processing of the frames of audio information to restore data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

12. A method according to claim 9 that further comprises extracting control information to control processing of the auxiliary information to restore data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

13. A method according to claim 9 that further comprises, for each respective auxiliary segment, extracting an indication of length and using the indication to extract blocks of auxiliary information having a length that varies according to the indication of length.

14. A method according to claim 9 wherein each auxiliary segment comprises an auxiliary synchronization word having an auxiliary sync pattern and the input signal processing uses the auxiliary synchronization word to locate respective auxiliary segments, and wherein the method processes the frames of audio information and the remainder of the auxiliary segments to restore data patterns equal to the auxiliary sync pattern.

15. A method according to claim 9 that further comprises generating an output signal conveying information obtained from an error recovery process in response to blocks of auxiliary information with contents that are invalid.

16. A method according to claim 15 wherein each auxiliary segment comprises an auxiliary synchronization word having one of a plurality of sync patterns, and wherein input signal processing uses the auxiliary synchronization word to locate respective auxiliary segments and the error recovery process is adapted according to the pattern of the auxiliary synchronization word, and wherein the method processes the frames of audio information and the remainder of the auxiliary segments to restore data patterns equal to the plurality of sync patterns.

17. A method according to claim 9 wherein the frames of audio information comprise an audio synchronization word having an audio sync pattern, and wherein the method processes the remainder of the frames of audio information and the auxiliary segments to restore data patterns equal to the audio sync pattern.

18. A medium readable by a machine embodying a program of instructions for execution by said machine to perform a method for encoding audio information and auxiliary information, wherein the method comprises:

receiving an audio signal conveying audio information,

receiving a reference signal,

receiving an auxiliary signal conveying auxiliary information,

constructing auxiliary segments each comprising a block of auxiliary information and an error detection code, and

generating an output signal conveying the audio information arranged in frames separated by gaps such that each gap is aligned with the reference signal and conveys a respective auxiliary segment, wherein the audio information in the frames of audio information and the auxiliary information in the segments of auxiliary information are constrained to avoid data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

19. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the audio information is formatted according to standard ANSI S4.40 and is arranged in the frames according to standard SMPTE 272M.

20. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the method further comprises processing the frames of audio information to avoid data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

21. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the method further comprises processing the auxiliary information to avoid data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

22. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the method constructs auxiliary segments with a variable length block of auxiliary information and an indication of that length, wherein the indication of that length is formed such that it avoids data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

23. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the method constructs the auxiliary segments with an auxiliary synchronization word having a data pattern in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

24. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the method constructs the auxiliary segments with respective auxiliary synchronization words selected from the set of forbidden data patterns, wherein the set of forbidden data patterns includes a plurality of forbidden data patterns.

25. A medium according to claim 18 wherein the frames of audio information comprise an audio synchronization word having a data pattern in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

26. A medium readable by a machine embodying a program of instructions for execution by said machine to perform a method for processing audio information and auxiliary information, wherein the method comprises:

receiving an input signal conveying audio information arranged in frames separated by gaps and conveying auxiliary segments arranged in the gaps,

processing the input signal to locate the auxiliary segments,

for each respective auxiliary segment, extracting a block of auxiliary information and an error detection code, and evaluating the error detection code to validate contents of the block of auxiliary information, and

generating an output signal conveying information obtained from an error recovery process in response to blocks of auxiliary information with contents that are invalid.

27. A medium according to claim 26 wherein the audio information is formatted according to standard ANSI S4.40 and is arranged in the frames according to standard SMPTE 272M.

28. A medium according to claim 26 wherein the method further comprises extracting control information to control processing of the frames of audio information to restore data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

29. A medium according to claim 26 wherein the method further comprises extracting control information to control processing of the auxiliary information to restore data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

30. A medium according to claim 26 wherein the method further comprises, for each respective auxiliary segment, extracting an indication of length and using the indication to extract blocks of auxiliary information having a length that varies according to the indication of length.

31. A medium according to claim 26 wherein each auxiliary segment comprises an auxiliary synchronization word having an auxiliary sync pattern and the input signal processing uses the auxiliary synchronization word to locate respective auxiliary segments, and wherein the method processes the frames of audio information and the remainder of the auxiliary segments to restore data patterns equal to the auxiliary sync pattern.

32. A medium according to claim 26 wherein the method further comprises generating an output signal conveying information obtained from an error recovery process in response to blocks of auxiliary information with contents that are invalid.

33. A medium according to claim 32 wherein each auxiliary segment comprises an auxiliary synchronization word having one of a plurality of sync patterns, and wherein input signal processing uses the auxiliary synchronization word to locate respective auxiliary segments and the error recovery process is adapted according to the pattern of the auxiliary synchronization word, and wherein the method processes the frames of audio information and the remainder of the auxiliary segments to restore data patterns equal to the plurality of sync patterns.

34. A medium according to claim 26 wherein the frames of audio information comprise an audio synchronization word having an audio sync pattern, and wherein the method processes the remainder of the frames of audio information and the auxiliary segments to restore data patterns equal to the audio sync pattern.

35. An apparatus for encoding audio information and auxiliary information comprising:

(a) one or more terminals that receive an audio signal conveying audio information, a reference signal and an auxiliary signal conveying auxiliary information;

(b) a program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry that;

(i) constructs auxiliary segments each comprising a block of auxiliary information and an error detection code, and

(ii) generates an output signal conveying the audio information arranged in frames separated by gaps such that each gap is aligned with the reference signal and conveys a respective auxiliary segment, wherein the audio information in the frames of audio information and the auxiliary information in the segments of auxiliary information are constrained to avoid data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns; and

(c) a terminal for sending the output signal.

36. An apparatus according to claim 35 wherein the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry processes the frames of audio information to avoid data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

37. An apparatus according to claim 35 wherein the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry processes the auxiliary information to avoid data patterns in the set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

38. An apparatus according to claim 35 wherein the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry constructs the auxiliary segments with respective auxiliary synchronization words selected from the set of forbidden data patterns, wherein the set of forbidden data patterns includes a plurality of forbidden data patterns.

39. An apparatus for processing audio information and auxiliary information comprising:

(a) a terminal that receives an input signal conveying audio information arranged in frames separated by gaps and conveying auxiliary segments arranged in the gaps;

(b) a program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry that;

(i) processes the input signal to locate the auxiliary segments,

(ii) for each respective auxiliary segment, extracts a block of auxiliary information and an error detection code, and evaluates the error detection code to validate contents of the block of auxiliary information; and

(c) a terminal for sending auxiliary information.

40. An apparatus according to claim 39 wherein the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry extracts control information to control processing of the frames of audio information to restore data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

41. An apparatus according to claim 39 wherein the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry extracts control information to control processing of the auxiliary information to restore data patterns in a set of one or more forbidden data patterns.

42. An apparatus according to claim 39 wherein the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry generates an output signal conveying information obtained from an error recovery process in response to blocks of auxiliary information with contents that are invalid.

43. An apparatus according to claim 42 wherein each auxiliary segment comprises control information and the program-controlled processor or other processing circuitry uses the control information to adapt the error recovery process.