Resonant microcavity display

• US 6,198,211 B1
• Filed: 05/06/1998
• Issued: 03/06/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 07/20/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Quantum Vision
• Original Assignee: Quantum Vision
• Inventors: Jaffe, Irving, Jacobsen, Stuart M., Jones, Michieal L., Jaffe, Steven M., Eilers, Hergen
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Ashok
• Application Number:
  US09/073,711
• Time in Patent Office: 1,035 Days
• Field of Search: 313/463, 313/461, 313/466, 313/474, 313/506, 313/509, 313/113, 359/109, 346/161, 428/690, 428/917
• US Class Current: 313/461
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133516 Methods for their manufacture, e.g. printing, electro-deposition or photolithography
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133521 Interference filters
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 29/28 with protective, conductive or reflective layers
• CPC Class Codes: H01J 61/42 by transforming the wavelength of the light by luminescence
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 33/12 Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 33/22 characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers

Abstract

A resonant microcavity display (20) having microcavity with a substrate (25), a phosphor active region (50) and front and rear reflectors (30 and 60). The front and rear reflectors may be spaced to create either a standing or taveling electromagnetic wave to enhance the efficiency of the light transmission.

Claims

1. A luminescent display, comprising a resonant microcavity with an active region, the active region having a phosphor disposed therein for emitting light;

wherein said display is excitable by electrons; and

further comprising a cathode ray tube to generate exciting electrons for exciting said active region.

2. The luminescent display of claim 1, wherein said microcavity comprises means for modifying a process selected from the group consisting of spontaneous emission processes of the phosphor and energy transfer processes of the phosphor.

3. The luminescent display of claim 1, wherein said microcavity comprises means for modifying the spontaneous emission processes of the phosphor.

4. The luminescent display of claim 1, wherein said microcavity comprises means for producing, in said phosphor, an electromagnetic field having a substantially modified electric field amplitude when said phosphor is excited by said cathode ray tube relative to the amplitude of an electric field produced in said phosphor were said phosphor disposed in free space and excited by the cathode ray tube.

5. The luminescent display of claim 4, wherein said electromagnetic field having substantially modified electric field amplitude is a standing wave electromagnetic field.

6. The luminescent display of claim 5, wherein the standing wave electromagnetic field has an antinode inside said microcavity, and said phosphor is disposed in a region including said antinode.

7. The luminescent display of claim 5, wherein the standing wave electromagnetic field has a plurality of antinodes inside said microcavity, and said phosphor is disposed in a region including said plurality of antinodes.

8. The luminescent display of claim 5, wherein the standing wave electromagnetic field has a node inside said microcavity, and said phosphor is disposed in a region including said node.

9. The luminescent display of claim 5, wherein the phosphor comprises a dopant within the microcavity disposed in a region of the microcavity having a substantially modified electric field amplitude.

10. The luminescent display of claim 4, wherein said microcavity is dimensioned to produce a traveling electromagnetic wave having the substantially modified electric field amplitude.

11. The luminescent display of claim 1, wherein the microcavity comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of coplanar microcavities, three dimensional microcavities, and combinations thereof.

12. The luminescent display of claim 11, wherein the microcavity comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of confocal microcavities, hemispherical microcavities, and ring cavities.

13. The luminescent display of claim 1, wherein said microcavity is excitable to establish the substantially modified electric field amplitude inside said microcavity.

14. The luminescent display of claim 1, in which the resonant microcavity comprises thin films.

15. The luminescent display of claim 1, wherein the microcavity comprises:

(a) a substrate; and

(b) a structure disposed upon said substrate comprising said active region and a plurality of reflective regions.

16. The luminescent display of claim 15, wherein the luminescent display comprises a plurality of said microcavities, each having a resonant region therein, and said microcavities are operatively coupled to form a larger resonant region.

17. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein the plurality of reflective regions comprise:

(a) a front reflective region disposed upon said substrate, and

(b) a back reflective region;

and the active region is disposed between the front and the back reflective regions.

18. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein the substrate, the active region, and plurality of reflective regions are each comprised of inorganic materials.

19. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein at least one of said plurality of reflective regions comprises a wavelength-dependent reflector that is substantially reflective within a narrow wavelength bandwidth and substantially transmissive outside of said narrow wavelength bandwidth.

20. The luminescent display of claim 19 and further comprising an opaque surface behind one of said wavelength-dependent reflectors to increase display contrast.

21. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein said reflective regions comprise dielectric reflectors.

22. The luminescent display of claim 21 wherein said dielectric reflectors further comprise a plurality of alternating parallel layers, wherein layers comprising a material with a relatively low index of refraction alternate with layers comprising a material with a relatively high index of refraction.

23. The luminescent display of claim 22 wherein said material with a relative low index of refraction comprises a material selected from the group consisting of fluorides and oxides.

24. The luminescent display of claim 22 wherein said material with a relatively high index of refraction comprises a material selected from the group consisting of sulfides, selenides, nitrides, and oxides.

25. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein at least one of said plurality of reflective regions comprises a metallic reflector.

26. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein said active region comprises a phosphor selected from the group consisting of sulfides, oxides, silicates, oxysulfides, and aluminates.

27. The luminescent display of claim 26 wherein said phosphor includes an activator comprising a material selected from the group consisting of transition metals, rare earths, substances having color centers, and combinations thereof.

28. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein the thickness of the active region is equal to a selected wavelength of light to be emitted by the display multipled by an integer and divided by the quantity 4 times the index of refraction for light of the selected wavelength in a material comprising the active region.

29. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein the microcavity comprises a plurality of active regions and the thickness of the plurality of active regions is equal to a selected wavelength of light to be emitted by the display multipled by an integer and divided by the quantity 4 times the index of refraction for light of the selected wavelength in a material comprising the plurality of active regions.

30. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein the thickness of the active region is equal to a selected wavelength of light to be emitted by the display multipled by an integer and divided by the quantity 2 times the index of refraction for light of the selected wavelength in a material comprising the active region.

31. The luminescent display of claim 15 wherein the microcavity comprises a plurality of active regions and the thickness of the plurality of active regions is equal to a selected wavelength of light to be emitted by the display multipled by an integer and divided by the quantity 2 times the index of refraction for light of the selected wavelength in a material comprising the plurality of active regions.

32. The luminescent display of claim 1 wherein said resonant microcavity comprises a photonic band gap material.

33. The luminescent display of claim 15 and further comprising means for generating a predetermined angular light distribution from light emitted from said active region.

34. The luminescent display of claim 33 in which said means for generating the predetermined angular light distribution comprises a structure selected from the group consisting of lenses, diffusers, holographic elements, gradient index elements, and combinations thereof.

35. The luminescent display of claim 33 wherein said means for generating a predetermined angular light distribution is disposed within said substrate.

36. A modulated light source, comprising:

(a) the luminescent display of claim 1; and

(b) light valve means in front of said microcavity for modulating light emitted from said microcavity.

37. The modulated light source of claim 36, wherein said resonant microcavity is adapted to emit polarized light.