Electrochromic element
First Claim
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1. An electrochromic element comprising two conductive substrates, at least one of which is transparent;
- an ion conductive layer disposed therebetween and containing a compound having a viologen structure represented by formula (1) below; and
an electrochromic layer disposed between the ion conductive layer and at least either one of the two conductive substrates and containing a compound represented by formula (2) or (3) below;
formula (1) being represented by wherein X−
and Y−
may be the same or different and each are a counter anion selected from the group consisting of a halogen anion, ClO4−
, BF4−
, PF6−
, CH3COO−
and CH3(C6H4)SO3−
;
formula (2) being represented by wherein R1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently a hydrocarbon group or hydrocarbon residue having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may be the same or different from each other, Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a is an integer greater than 2 and b and c are each an integer of 0 to 3; and
formula (3) being represented by wherein R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group residue having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Ar4 and Ar5 are each independently a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue, a′
is an integer of 0 to 3, b′
is an integer of 1 or 2 and c′
is an integer greater than 2.
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Abstract
An electrochromic element composed of an electrochromic layer comprising a specified electrically conductive polymer and an ionically conductive substance layer containing a viologen compound, both sandwiched between two electrically conductive substrates at least one of which is transparent.
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Citations
6 Claims
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1. An electrochromic element comprising two conductive substrates, at least one of which is transparent;
- an ion conductive layer disposed therebetween and containing a compound having a viologen structure represented by formula (1) below; and
an electrochromic layer disposed between the ion conductive layer and at least either one of the two conductive substrates and containing a compound represented by formula (2) or (3) below;
formula (1) being represented bywherein X−
and Y−
may be the same or different and each are a counter anion selected from the group consisting of a halogen anion, ClO4−
, BF4−
, PF6−
, CH3COO−
and CH3(C6H4)SO3−
;
formula (2) being represented bywherein R1 is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are each independently a hydrocarbon group or hydrocarbon residue having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may be the same or different from each other, Ar1 and Ar2 are each independently a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a is an integer greater than 2 and b and c are each an integer of 0 to 3; and formula (3) being represented by wherein R6, R7, R8, R9 and R10 are each independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group residue having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Ar4 and Ar5 are each independently a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue, a′
is an integer of 0 to 3, b′
is an integer of 1 or 2 and c′
is an integer greater than 2.- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
wherein n averages about 10. -
3. The electrochromic element according to claim 1 wherein said electrochromic layer is composed of a polymer with a weight average molecular weight of 4,000, represented by the formula
wherein n averages about 10. -
4. The electrochromic element according to claim 1 wherein said electrochromic layer is composed of a polymer with a weight average molecular weight of 3,000, represented by the formula
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5. The electrochromic element according to claim 1 wherein said ion conductive material layer is composed of a mixture obtained by a compound having a viologen structure to a composition a polar solvent, a supporting electrolyte and an urethaneacrylate represented by the formula
wherein R11 and R12 is the same or different and are each a group of formula (10), (11) or (12) below, R13 and R14 is the same or different and are each a C1-C20, preferably C2-C12 divalent hydrocarbon residue, Y is selected from a polyether unit, a polyester unit, a polycarbonate unit and the mixed unit thereof and n is an integer from 1 to 100, preferably 1 to 50 and more preferably 1 to 20, and formulae (10), (11) and (12) are represented by the formulae, respectively wherein R15, R16 and R17 are the same or different and are hydrogen or a C1-C3 alkyl group and R18 is a C1-C20, preferably C2-C8 organic residue of divalent through quatervalent. -
6. The electrochromic element according to claim 1 wherein said ion conductive material layer is composed of a mixture obtained by adding a compound having a viologen structure to a composition a polar solvent, a supporting electrolyte and an acryloyle-modified polyalkylene oxide of formula either one of (24), (25) or (26):
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wherein R32, R33, R34 and R35 are each hydrogen and a C1-C5 alkyl group and “
1”
is an integer of greater than 1;
wherein R36, R37, R38 and R39 are each hydrogen and a C1-C5 alkyl group and m is an integer of greater than 1;
wherein R40, R41 and R42 are each hydrogen and a C1-C5 alkyl group, p is an integer of greater than 1, q is an integer from 2 to 4 and L is a connecting group of valence indicated by q.
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- an ion conductive layer disposed therebetween and containing a compound having a viologen structure represented by formula (1) below; and
Specification