Compact fuel gas reformer assemblage

• US 6,203,587 B1
• Filed: 01/19/1999
• Issued: 03/20/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 01/19/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Hyaxiom Incorporated (Doosan Corporation)
• Original Assignee: International Fuel Cells LLC (Rtx Corporation)
• Inventors: Corrigan, Thomas J., Lesieur, Roger R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Beck, Shrive
• Assistant Examiner(s): VARCOE JR, FREDERICK T
• Application Number:
  US09/233,223
• Time in Patent Office: 791 Days
• Field of Search: 48/61, 48/94, 481/279, 481/988, 481/277, 481/99.FM, 422/191, 422/203, 422/188, 422/189, 422/190, 423/650, 423/651, 423/652
• US Class Current: 48/61
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/2485 Monolithic reactors
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/249 Plate-type reactors
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00117 with two or more reactions in heat exchange with each other, such as an endothermic reaction in heat exchange with an exothermic reaction
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00157 by means of a burner
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/2453 Plates arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/2458 Flat plates, i.e. plates which are not corrugated or otherwise structured, e.g. plates with cylindrical shape
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/2462 the reactants being in indirect heat exchange with a non reacting heat exchange medium
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/2479 Catalysts coated on the surface of plates or inserts
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/2485 Metals or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0233 the reforming step being a steam reforming step
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0283 containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/044 Selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/047 the impurity being carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/066 with fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0811 by combustion of fuel
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0844 the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0866 by combination of different heating methods
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/0883 by indirect heat exchange
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/1023 Catalysts in the form of a monolith or honeycomb
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/1052 Nickel or cobalt catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/1064 : Platinum group metal catalysts
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 2203/1082 : Composition of support materials
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/384 : the catalyst being continuously externally heated
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/48 : followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: C01B 3/583 : the reaction being the selective oxidation of carbon monoxide
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0631 : Reactor construction specially adapted for combination reactor/fuel cell hydrogen C01B3/00; reactors for physicochemical processes B01J19/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 : Fuel cells

Abstract

A fuel gas reformer assemblage for use in a fuel cell power plant is formed from a composite plate assembly which includes spaced-apart divider plates with interposed monolithic open cell sponge-like members which form gas passages. The monolithic members have a lattice of internal open cells which are both laterally and longitudinally interconnected so as to provide for a diffuse gas flow. The entire surface area of the monolithic components is wash coated with a porous alumina layer, and selected areas of the wash coat are also catalyzed. The reformer assemblage is constructed from a series of repeating sub-assemblies, each of which includes a core of separate regenerator/heat exchanger gas passages. The core in each sub-assembly is sandwiched between a pair of reformer gas passage skins, which complete the subassembly. Adjacent reformer gas/regenerator/reformer gas passage sub-assemblies in the composite plate assembly are separated from each other by burner gas passages. The regenerator/heat exchanger gas passages and the reformer gas passages in each sub-assembly are connected by gas flow return manifolds which form a part of each sub-assembly. The fuel gases flow in one end of the assemblage, through the reformer gas passages, and then reverse their direction of flow in the return manifolds so as to exit the reformer assemblage through the regenerator gas flow passages. The burner gases flow in one end of the reformer assemblage and out the other end.

Claims

1. A hydrocarbon fuel gas steam reformer assembly comprising:

(a) an inlet manifold for directing a mixture of the fuel gas and steam into the assembly;

(b) a reformer section connected to said inlet manifold so as to receive a stream of the fuel gas and steam mixture, said reformer section being formed from first and second spaced-apart plates with a monolithic open cell foam member sandwiched between said first and second plates, said monolithic open cell member providing a diffuse gas flow path in said reformer section;

(c) a regenerator-heat exchanger section adjacent to said reformer section, said regenerator-heat exchanger section being formed from said first plate and a third plate which is spaced-apart from said first plate on a side thereof opposite said second plate, said regenerator-heat exchanger section further including a monolithic open cell foam member which is sandwiched between said first and third plates, said monolithic open cell member providing a diffuse gas flow path in said regenerator-heat exchanger section, said first plate providing heat transfer from gas flowing through said regenerator-heat exchanger gas flow path to gas flowing through said reformer gas flow path;

(d) a burner gas section adjacent to said reformer section on a side of said reformer section opposite to said regenerator-heat exchanger section, said burner gas section being formed from said second plate and a fourth plate, which fourth plate is spaced apart from said second plate, said burner gas section further including a monolithic open cell foam member which is sandwiched between said second and fourth plates, said monolithic open cell foam member providing a diffuse gas flow path in said burner gas section, said second plate providing heat transfer from burner gases flowing through said burner gas flow path to gases flowing through said reformer gas flow path;

(e) a gas flow-reversing manifold connecting said reformer gas flow path with said regenerator-heat exchanger gas flow path, said gas flow-reversing manifold being operable to direct a gas stream exiting from said reformer section into said regenerator-heat exchanger section; and

(f) an outlet manifold connected to said regenerator-heat exchanger section for removing reformed fuel gas from the assembly.

2. The fuel gas steam reformer assembly of claim 1, wherein said monolithic open cell foam members are made from a high temperature support material selected from the group consisting of stainless steel, an aluminum-stainless steel alloy, nickel, and ceramics, and/or mixtures thereof.

3. The fuel gas steam reformer assembly of claim 1, wherein interstices of said reformer section foam members are covered with a catalyzed alumina coating.

4. The fuel gas steam reformer assembly of claim 2, wherein interstices of said burner gas section foam members are covered with a catalyzed alumina coating.

5. A hydrocarbon fuel gas steam reformer assembly comprising:

a regenerator-heat exchanger gas section;

a reformer gas section; and

a burner gas section;

said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section and said burner gas section being sandwiched around said reformer gas section, said reformer gas section sharing a first common heat transfer wall with said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section and sharing a second common heat transfer wall with said burner gas section, each of said gas sections containing monolithic open cell foam members which provide diffuse gas flow paths between said heat transfer walls, interstices of said foam members in said burner and reformer gas sections being coated with a catalyzed alumina coating;

an inlet manifold operably connected to said reformer gas section for introducing a fuel gas-steam mixture into reformer gas flow paths;

a flow reversal manifold operably interconnecting said reformer gas section with said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section for transferring reformed gas from said reformer gas flow paths to regenerator-heat exchanger gas flow paths; and

an outlet manifold operably connected to said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section for withdrawing reformed gas from said assembly.

6. A hydrocarbon fuel gas steam reformer assembly comprising:

a central regenerator-heat exchanger gas section;

a first reformer gas section disposed on one side of said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section, and second reformer gas section disposed on an opposite side of said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section;

a first burner gas section disposed on an outer side of said first reformer gas section, and a second burner gas section disposed on an outer side of said s econd reformer gas section;

said reformer gas sections sharing common heat transfer walls with said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section, and also sharing common heat transfer walls with said burner gas sections, each of said gas sections including respective diffuse gas flow paths which are formed by monolithic foam members that are secured to said heat transfer walls, the gas flow paths in said burner and reformer gas sections being coated with a catalyzed alumina coating;

an inlet manifold operably connected to said reformer gas sections for introducing a fuel gas-steam mixture into said reformer gas flow paths;

a flow reversal manifold operably interconnecting said reformer gas sections with said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section for transferring reformed gas from said reformer gas flow paths to said regenerator-heat exchanger gas flow paths; and

an outlet manifold operably connected to said regenerator-heat exchanger gas section for withdrawing reformed gas from said assembly.