DC-to-DC converter capable of preventing overvoltage

• US 6,204,648 B1
• Filed: 01/20/2000
• Issued: 03/20/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 08/11/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Original Assignee: Fujitsu Limited
• Inventors: Ozawa, Hidekiyo, Yano, Hidetoshi, Saeki, Mitsuo
• Primary Examiner(s): Wong, Peter S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Laxton, Gary L.
• Application Number:
  US09/488,014
• Time in Patent Office: 425 Days
• Field of Search: 363/84, 363/89, 363/77, 363/53, 363/125, 363/127, 323/282, 323/284, 323/285, 361/86, 361/18, 361/91.1, 361/93, 361/79, 361/104
• US Class Current: 323/282
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/1213 for DC-DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 7/16 for capacitors for synchronous capacitors H02H7/06
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1588 comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

To avoid burning out a capacitor in a synchronous rectification type DC-to-DC converter due to overvoltages, the synchronous rectification type DC-to-DC converter includes a storage unit storing therein power derived from a power supply, switching elements connecting and disconnecting respective signal paths from power and ground, and a control unit controlling the connecting/disconnecting operations of the switching elements to maintain a voltage output from the storage unit at a predetermined value. The DC/DC converter also includes an overvoltage detecting unit monitoring a voltage derived from the power supply to thereby output an alarm signal when the voltage derived from the power supply exceeds a preselected voltage value, a shortcircuiting unit influencing the connecting conditions of the switching elements when the alarm signal from the overvoltage detecting unit is input therein, whereby the voltage derived from the power supply is shortcircuited, and an interrupting unit interrupting one of the signal paths by the power shortcircuited by the shortcircuiting unit.

Claims

1. A DC/DC converter comprising:

a storage unit storing power derived from a power supply;

a first switch element, provided between the power supply and said storage unit, to selectively connect said storage unit to the power supply;

a second switch element, provided between ground and a connecting point of said first switch element and said storage unit, to selectively connect the connecting point to the ground;

a control unit controlling the connecting/disconnecting operations of said first switch element and said second switch element so as to maintain a voltage outputted from said storage unit at a predetermined value;

an overvoltage detecting unit monitoring the voltage outputted from said storage unit and outputting a signal when the output voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage value;

a shortcircuiting unit bringing said first switch element and said second switch element to connecting conditions when the signal from said overvoltage detecting unit is output, so that the voltage derived from the power supply is shortcircuited; and

an interrupting unit interrupting input power of the power supply by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

2. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said overvoltage detecting unit comprises:

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing the reference voltage with the voltage outputted from said storage unit, and outputting the signal when the output voltage is higher than the reference voltage.

3. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 1 wherein said interrupting unit is a fuse to be melted down by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

4. A DC/DC converter, comprising:

a storage unit storing power from a power supply;

a first switch, provided between the power supply and said storage unit, to selectively connect said storage unit to the power supply;

a second switch, provided between ground and a connecting point of said first switch and said storage unit, to selectively connect the connecting point to ground;

a control unit controlling said first switch and said second switch so as to maintain a voltage outputted from said storage unit at a predetermined value;

a detecting unit detecting that the voltage outputted from said storage unit exceeds a predetermined voltage value; and

a shortcircuiting unit connecting said first switch and said second switch in accordance with said detecting unit, so that the power supply is shortcircuited.

5. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 4, further comprising;

an interrupting unit interrupting input power of the power supply by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

6. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 5, wherein said interrupting unit is a fuse.

7. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 4, wherein said detecting unit comprises:

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage; and

a comparing unit comparing the reference voltage with the voltage outputted from said storage unit, and outputting a signal when the voltage outputted from said storage unit is higher than the reference voltage.

8. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 5, wherein said detecting unit comprises:

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing the reference voltage with the voltage outputted from said storage unit and outputting a signal when the voltage outputted from said storage unit is higher than the reference voltage.

9. A controller for a DC/DC converter having a storage unit storing power derived from a power supply, a first switch element, provided between the power supply and the storage unit, selective connection the storage unit to the power supply, a second switch element, provided between the ground and a connecting point of the first switch and the storage unit, to selectively connect the connecting point to the ground and a control unit controlling the to selectively connect operations of the first switch element and the second switch element so as to maintain a voltage outputted from the storage unit at a predetermined value, said controller comprising;

an overvoltage detecting unit monitoring the voltage outputted from the storage unit, and outputting a signal when the output voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage value;

a shortcircuiting unit bringing the first switch element and the second switch element to connecting conditions when the signal from said overvoltage detecting unit is output, so that the voltage derived from the power supply is shortcircuited; and

an interrupting unit interrupting input power of the power supply by the power shortcircuited by said shortcircuiting unit.

10. The controller as claimed in claim 9 wherein said overvoltage detecting unit comprises:

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing the reference voltage with the voltage outputted from the storage unit, and outputting the signal when the output voltage is higher than the reference voltage.

11. A controller for a DC/DC converter having a storage unit storing power from a power supply, a first switch, provided between the power supply and the storage unit, to selectively connect the storage unit to the power supply and a second switch, provided between ground and the connecting point of the first switch and the storage unit, to selectively connect the connecting point to the ground, and a control unit controlling the first switch and the second switch so as to maintain a voltage outputted from the storage unit at a predetermined value, said controller comprising;

a detecting unit detecting that the voltage outputted from the storage unit exceeds a predetermined voltage value; and

a shortcircuiting unit connecting the first switch and the second switch in accordance with said detecting unit, so that the power supply is shortcircuited.

12. The controller as claimed in claim 11, wherein said detecting unit comprises:

a reference voltage producing unit producing a reference voltage, and

a comparing unit comparing the reference voltage with the voltage outputted from the storage unit, and outputting a signal when voltage outputted from the storage unit is higher than the reference voltage.

13. A DC/DC converter having an output, comprising:

a main switch;

a synchronous rectification switch;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of the DC/DC converter output; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON both said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

15. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:

an inductor connected to said main switch; and

a capacitor connected to said inductor and smoothing an output of said inductor.

16. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:

an interrupting unit interrupting a power supply to said DC/DC converter, thereby stopping input of the supply power.

17. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claims 13, wherein said control unit includes an interrupting unit interrupting a power supply to the DC/DC converter by utilizing current produced when both said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch turn ON.

18. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 13, wherein said overvoltage detecting unit outputs a detecting signal when said overvoltage detecting unit detects the overvoltage of an output voltage of said DC/DC converter.

19. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 18, wherein:

said control unit includes a memory circuit storing the detecting signal outputted from the overvoltage detecting unit, and

said memory circuit outputs a control signal turning ON both said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch, when the detecting signal is inputted.

20. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 17, further comprising:

an emergency power supply circuit supplying a drive power to said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch from the time when said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch are turned ON until the time when the power supply to the DC/DC converter is interrupted by said interrupting unit.

21. The DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 13, further comprising:

a feedback unit effecting feedback control of said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch in order to maintain an output voltage of the DC/DC converter at a constant value.

14. A DC/DC converter comprising:

a main switch;

a synchronous rectification switch;

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an output voltage of said DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning said main switch and said synchronous rectification switch ON when the overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

22. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, to effect a DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an output voltage of said DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

26. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 22, wherein the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when turned ON, shortcircuit an input from a power supply.

27. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 22, wherein

the DC/DC converter has an interrupting unit interrupting a power supply,

said control unit shortcircuits an input from the power supply based on the control signals, and

the interrupting unit interrupts the power supply to the DC/DC converter by utilizing current produced when the input from the power supply is shortcircuited.

28. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 27, further comprising:

an emergency power supply circuit supplying a drive power to the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch from the time when the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch are turned ON until the power supply to the DC/DC converter is interrupted by said interrupting unit.

29. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 22, wherein said overvoltage detecting unit outputs a detecting signal when said overvoltage detecting unit detects the overvoltage of the output voltage of the DC/DC converter.

30. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 29, wherein said control unit has a memory circuit which stores the detecting signal and said memory circuit outputs control signals to turn ON both the synchronous rectification switch a and the main switch, when the detecting signal is stored.

31. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 22, further comprising:

a feedback unit effecting feedback control of the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in order to maintain an output voltage of the DC/DC converter at a constant value.

23. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor and smoothing an output of said inductor, to effect a DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an output voltage of the DC/DC converter; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

24. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, to effect a DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an output voltage of the DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

25. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous switch, an inductor connected to said main switch and a capacitor connected to said inductor and smoothing an output of said inductor, to effect a DC/DC conversion, comprising:

an overvoltage detecting unit detecting an overvoltage of an output voltage of the DC/DC converter; and

a control unit turning both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON when an overvoltage is detected by said overvoltage detecting unit.

32. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a signal which informs that an output voltage of the DC/DC converter is overvoltage; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, in a case where the signal is received by said receiving unit .

36. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 32, wherein the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, when turned ON, shortcircuit an input from a power supply.

37. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 32, wherein:

the DC/DC converter has an interrupting unit interrupting a power supply,

said control unit shortcircuits an input from the power supply by said control signals, and

the interrupting unit interrupts a power supply to the DC/DC converter by utilizing current produced when the input from the power supply is shortcircuited.

38. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 37, further comprising:

an emergency power supply circuit supplying a drive power to the synchronous rectification switch and the main switch from the time when the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch are turned ON until the power input to the DC/DC converter is interrupted by the interrupting unit.

39. The control circuit for a DC/DC converter as claimed in claim 32, further comprising:

a feedback unit effecting feedback control of the main. switch and the synchronous rectification switch in order to maintain an output voltage of the DC/DC converter at a constant value.

33. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to the main switch and a capacitor connected to the inductor and smoothing an output of the inductor, to effect a DC/DC conversion, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a signal which informs that an output voltage of the DC/DC converter is overvoltage; and

a control unit outputting control signals to turn ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch, in a case where the signal is received by said receiving unit.

34. A control circuit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a signal which informs that an output voltage of the DC/DC converter is overvoltage; and

a control unit turning both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON, in a case where the signal is received by said receiving unit.

35. A control unit for a DC/DC converter having a main switch, a synchronous rectification switch, an inductor connected to the main switch and a capacitor connected to the inductor for smoothing an output of the inductor, to effect a DC/DC conversion, comprising:

a receiving unit receiving a signal which informs that an output voltage of the DC/DC converter is overvoltage; and

a control unit turning both the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch ON, in a case where the signal is received by said receiving unit.

40. A control circuit for controlling a DC/DC converter having a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

a voltage input terminal inputting an output voltage of a DC/DC conversion process;

an overvoltage detecting unit outputting a detecting signal when the output voltage inputted into the voltage input terminal exceeds a predetermined value; and

a control unit turning ON the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in response to the detecting signal.

41. A control method for a DC/DC converter having an input, a main switch and a synchronous rectification switch, comprising:

outputting a detecting signal when a voltage across an output exceeds a predetermined value; and

turning on the main switch and the synchronous rectification switch in response to the detecting signal.