Multi-array, multi-specific electrochemiluminescence testing

• US 6,207,369 B1
• Filed: 09/17/1996
• Issued: 03/27/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 03/10/1995
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Meso Scale Technologies, LLC
• Original Assignee: Meso Scale Technologies, LLC
• Inventors: Wilbur, James, Sigal, George, Guo, Liang-Hong, Wohlstadter, Jacob N., Martin, Mark, Fischer, Alan, Billadeau, Mark A., Leland, Jon
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Christopher L.
• Application Number:
  US08/715,163
• Time in Patent Office: 1,652 Days
• Field of Search: 422/50, 422/52, 422/55, 422/61, 422/82.05, 422/82.07, 422/82.08, 422/99, 204/400, 204/403, 435/6, 435/287.1, 435/287.2, 435/288.7, 435/810, 435/808, 435/968, 435/975, 436/164, 436/172, 436/518, 436/524, 436/534, 436/805
• US Class Current: 435/6.11
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 15/00 Nanotechnology for interacting, sensing or actuating, e.g. quantum dots as markers in protein assays or molecular motors
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/66 electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/76 Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54313 the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5438 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/582 with fluorescent label
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/585 with a particulate label, e.g. coloured latex
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/808 Optical sensing apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/81 Packaged device or kit
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/968 High energy substrates, e.g. fluorescent, chemiluminescent, radioactive
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/975 Kit
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/805 Optical property

Abstract

Materials and methods are provided for producing patterned multi-array, multi-specific surfaces for use in diagnostics. The invention provides for electrochemiluminescence methods for detecting or measuring an analyte of interest. It also provides for novel electrodes for ECL assays. Materials and methods are provided for the chemical and/or physical control of conducting domains and reagent deposition for use multiply specific testing procedures.

Claims

1. A kit for conducting an electrochemiluminescence assay comprising:

(a) a porous electrode comprising a plurality of particles, said particles having immobilized thereon binding reagents capable of forming complexes with a component of said electrochemiluminescence assay, wherein said binding reagents are distributed so as to form a plurality of distinct binding domains on said electrode and wherein at least two of said binding domains differ in their specificity for analytes of interest; and

(b) an additional binding reagent comprising an electrochemiluminescent label.

2. An apparatus for conducting an assay comprising:

(a) an element comprising

i) a matrix; and

ii) one or more carbon fibrils dispersed therein; and

(b) binding reagents immobilized on said element to form one or more binding domains capable of binding a component of a binding assay.

3. An apparatus for use in the detection of an analyte by electrochemiluminescence comprising:

(a) an electrode comprising

i) a matrix; and

ii) one or more carbon fibrils dispersed therein; and

(b) binding reagents immobilized on said electrode to form one or more binding domains containing a reagent capable of binding a component of an electrochemiluminescence assay.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said binding domains are immobilized on said fibrils.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said binding domains are immobilized on said matrix.

6. An apparatus for use in the detection of a plurality of analytes by electrochemiluminescence comprising:

(a) an electrode comprised of a matrix and a multiplicity of conducting particles dispersed therein; and

(b) a plurality of distinct binding domains supported on said electrode, each domain containing a reagent capable of binding a component of a binding electrochemiluminescence assay, wherein at least two of said binding domains differ in their specificity for analytes of interest.

7. An apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said matrix is a polymer.

8. An apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said conducting particles are carbon.

9. An apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said conducting particle is comprised of carbon fibers.

10. An apparatus as recited in claim 6 wherein said conducting particle is comprised of carbon fibrils.

11. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said binding domains are immobilized on said particles.

12. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said binding domains are immobilized on said matrix.

13. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a light detector capable of independently measuring electrochemiluminescence generated from at least two of said binding domains.