Method and apparatus for performing a name acquisition based on speech recognition
First Claim
1. A method of recognizing an input identifier, comprising the steps of:
- a) performing a first prompting operation to prompt a user at a first time in a recognition operation to provide the input identifier according to a first form;
b) providing a first recognized identifier on the basis of the input identifier;
the input identifier being provided by a user, c) generating a plurality of comparison identifiers having a content derived from the first recognized identifier;
d) performing a second prompting operation to prompt the user at a second time in the recognition operation subsequent to the first time to provide the input identifier according to a second form, wherein the first form and the second form are different;
e) providing a second recognized identifier on the basis of the input identifier provided in step d);
f) determining which, if any, of the plurality of comparison identifiers matches the second recognized identifier; and
g) selecting the comparison identifier determined in step f) as corresponding to the input identifier.
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Abstract
A method and apparatus for recognizing an input identifier on the basis of a set of comparison identifiers. After a user provides the input identifier according to a first form, the present invention provides a recognized identifier based on the input identifier. The present invention then generates a plurality of comparison identifiers on the basis of the recognized identifier. The user is then prompted to provide the input identifier again, but this time according to a second form that is different than the first form. A second recognized identifier is then generated on the basis of the input identifier provided according to the second form. If a match exists between the second recognized identifier and one of the comparison identifiers, the matched comparison identifier is selected as corresponding to the input identifier.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A method of recognizing an input identifier, comprising the steps of:
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a) performing a first prompting operation to prompt a user at a first time in a recognition operation to provide the input identifier according to a first form;
b) providing a first recognized identifier on the basis of the input identifier;
the input identifier being provided by a user,c) generating a plurality of comparison identifiers having a content derived from the first recognized identifier;
d) performing a second prompting operation to prompt the user at a second time in the recognition operation subsequent to the first time to provide the input identifier according to a second form, wherein the first form and the second form are different;
e) providing a second recognized identifier on the basis of the input identifier provided in step d);
f) determining which, if any, of the plurality of comparison identifiers matches the second recognized identifier; and
g) selecting the comparison identifier determined in step f) as corresponding to the input identifier. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
i) prompting the user to spell the input identifier.
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3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step d) comprises:
ii) prompting the user to pronounce the input identifier.
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4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the input identifier comprises a name.
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5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step c) comprises:
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i) determining, for each character position of the first recognized identifier, an alternative character set, each character of each alternative character set being associated with at least a predetermined probability of having been provided by the user in step a); and
ii) generating the plurality of comparison identifiers on the basis of at least each of the alternative character sets determined in step i).
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6. The method according to claim 5, wherein each alternative character set determined in step i) is determined on the basis of a confusion matrix.
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7. The method according to claim 5, further comprising:
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iii) generating further comparison identifiers to be added to the plurality of comparison identifiers by performing at least one of a character addition operation, a character deletion operation, and a character substitution operation on at least a portion of the plurality of comparison identifiers generated in step ii); and
iv) eliminating from the plurality of comparison identifiers those comparison identifiers comprising non-words.
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8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step c) comprises:
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i) providing a plurality of confusion sets, each confusion set including a different aggregation of characters;
ii) determining, for each character of the first recognized identifier, which confusion set includes which character of the first recognized identifier; and
iii) generating the plurality of comparison identifiers on the basis of at least each of the confusion sets determined in step ii).
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9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising:
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iv) generating further comparison identifiers to be added to the plurality of comparison identifiers by performing at least one of a character addition operation, a character deletion operation, and a character substitution operation on at least a portion of the plurality of comparison identifiers generated in step iii); and
v) eliminating from the plurality of comparison identifiers those comparison identifiers comprising non-words.
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10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the content of the plurality of comparison identifiers is indeterminate prior to a performance of the recognition operation.
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11. An apparatus for recognizing an input identifier, comprising:
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a) first means for performing a first prompting operation to prompt a user at a first time in a recognition operation to provide the input identifier according to a first form;
b) first means for providing a first recognized identifier on the basis of the input identifier;
the input identifier being provided by a user,c) first means for generating a plurality of comparison identifiers having a content derived from the first recognized identifier;
d) second means for performing a second prompting operation to prompt the user at a second time in the recognition operation subsequent to the first time to provide the input identifier according to a second form, wherein the second form is different than the first form;
e) second means for providing a second recognized identifier on the basis of the input identifier provided by the second means for prompting;
f) first means for determining which, if any, of the plurality of comparison identifiers matches the second recognized identifier; and
g) means for selecting the comparison identifier determined by the means for determining as corresponding to the input identifier. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
i) means for prompting the user to spell the input identifier.
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13. The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the second means for prompting comprises:
ii) means for prompting the user to pronounce the input identifier.
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14. The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the input identifier comprises a name.
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15. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first means for generating comprises:
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i) second means for determining, for each character position of the first recognized identifier, an alternative character set, each character of each alternative character set being associated with at least a predetermined probability of having been provided by the user in step a); and
ii) second means for generating the plurality of comparison identifiers on the basis of at least each of the alternative character sets determined by the second means for determining.
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16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein each alternative character set is determined on the basis of a confusion matrix.
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17. The apparatus according to claim 15, further comprising:
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iii) third generating means for generating further comparison identifiers to be added to the plurality of comparison identifiers by performing at least one of a character addition operation, a character deletion operation, and a character substitution operation on at least a portion of the plurality of comparison identifiers generated by the second generating means; and
iv) means for eliminating from the plurality of comparison identifiers those comparison identifiers comprising non-words.
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18. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the first generating means comprises:
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i) third means for providing a plurality of confusion sets, each confusion set including a different aggregation of characters;
ii) second means for determining, for each character of the first recognized identifier, which confusion set includes which character of the first recognized identifier; and
iii) second means for generating the plurality of comparison identifiers on the basis of at least each of the confusion sets determined by the second determining means.
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19. The apparatus according to claim 18, further comprising:
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iv) third means for generating further comparison identifiers to be added to the plurality of comparison identifiers by performing at least one of a character addition operation, a character deletion operation, and a character substitution operation on at least a portion of the plurality of comparison identifiers generated by the second means for generating; and
v) means for eliminating from the plurality of comparison identifiers those comparison identifiers comprising non-words.
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20. An apparatus, comprising:
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a processing device;
a recognizing device coupled to the processing device, the recognizing device including an input for receiving an input identifier;
the input identifier being provided by a user;
a database coupled to the processing device;
a grammar generation module coupled to the processing device; and
a confusion matrix memory coupled to the processing device. - View Dependent Claims (21)
a spelling rules table coupled to the processing device; and
a word change table coupled to the processing device.
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22. An apparatus, comprising:
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a processing device;
a recognizing device coupled to the processing device, the recognizing device including an input for receiving an input identifier;
a database coupled to the processing device;
a grammar generation module coupled to the processing device;
the input identifier being provided by a user;
a confusion matrix memory coupled to the processing device;
a confusion set generation module coupled to the processing device; and
a confusion set memory coupled to the processing device. - View Dependent Claims (23)
a spelling rules table coupled to the processing device; and
a word change table coupled to the processing device.
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Specification