Thermally actuated diffuser

• US 6,209,792 B1
• Filed: 01/21/2000
• Issued: 04/03/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 01/21/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Clive Thomas Boorer
• Original Assignee: Clive Thomas Boorer
• Inventors: Boorer, Clive Thomas
• Primary Examiner(s): McDermott, Corrine
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ali, Mohammad M
• Application Number:
  US09/489,564
• Time in Patent Office: 438 Days
• Field of Search: 236/49.5, 454/258
• US Class Current: 236/49.5
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/76 by means responsive to temperature, e.g. bimetal springs
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 13/06 Outlets for directing or distributing air into rooms or spaces, e.g. ceiling air diffuser

Abstract

A thermally actuated diffuser for controlling room temperature without electrical apparatus. The thermally actuated diffuser includes a housing having a first duct opening and a second duct opening. The second duct opening is diametrically opposed to the first duct opening to produce a linear air path through the housing. The housing has a third exit opening for communicating with a room. A damper blade diverts air flow and is positioned in the interior of the housing. The housing contains a first device and a second device that are both responsive to ambient temperature. The first and second devices each have first and second ends. The first end and the second end are adapted to move away from each other when the device is warmed and to move toward each other when the device is cooled. The first device is positioned in the interior of the housing adjacent to the air path. The second device is positioned in the housing adjacent to the third exit opening. The devices are mounted on opposite sides of the damper blade. A bracket assembly couples the first end of the first device to the damper blade. A mounting assembly mounts the first device to the second device. A hinge couples the second device to the mounting assembly. The damper blade has openings therein adapted to allow the mounting assembly to be movable relative to the pivot shaft, wherein the mounting assembly is movable between a warmed position and a cooled position of the first device.

Claims

1. A thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space, said diffuser comprising:

a housing having a first duct opening for communicating with a first duct and a second duct opening for communicating with a second duct, said second duct opening being diametrically opposed to said first duct opening to produce a substantially linear air path through an interior of said housing from said first duct opening to said second duct opening, said housing having a third exit opening for communicating with a room wherein said third exit opening lies in a plane orientated substantially perpendicular to said first duct opening and said second duct opening;

a damper blade for diverting air flow from said air path, said damper blade being positioned in the interior of said housing, said damper blade having a first side and a second side such that said first side of said damper blade being generally facing the first duct opening and said second side of said damper blade being generally facing the second duct opening;

a first device wherein said first device is responsive to the ambient temperature around said first device;

a second device wherein said second device is responsive to the ambient temperature around said second device;

wherein said first and second devices each have a first end and a second end, wherein said first end and said second end are adapted to move away from each other when said device is warmed and said first end and said second end are adapted to move toward each other when said device is cooled, wherein said first and second ends are extended away from each other in a warmed position when thermal energy is applied and said first and second ends are retracted inwardly toward each other in cooled position when thermal energy is removed;

wherein said first device being positioned in the interior of said housing adjacent to said air path so as to be struck by air flowing along said air path, said second device being positioned in said housing adjacent to said third exit opening so as to be surrounded by air entering the interior of said housing through said third exit opening;

a bracket assembly adapted for coupling said first end of the first device to said first side of the damper blade, wherein a longitudinal axis of said first device is oriented substantially perpendicular to said air flow;

a mounting assembly adapted for mounting said first device to said second device, wherein said second device is adjacent to said second side of said damper blade, said second device having a longitudinal axis oriented substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said first device;

a hinge coupling said second device to said mounting assembly; and

wherein said damper blade has openings therein adapted to allow said mounting assembly to be movable relative to said pivot shaft, wherein said mounting assembly being is movable between a warmed position and a cooled position of said first device.

2. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow form a duct into a space of claim 1, further comprising:

two box supports for supporting said housing within a wall, each of said box supports comprising an elongate U-shaped shaft, each of said box supports being adapted to fit on either edge of said housing wherein said edges are opposite edges of the housing on a side of the housing having said third exit opening, said edges of housing having two slots therein for receipt of said box supports.

3. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 1, further comprising:

wherein said damper blade being positioned in the interior of said housing, said damper blade being positionable generally parallel to said first duct opening in said housing, said damper blade having a first and second side, wherein said first side of said damper blade generally faces said first duct opening, said damper blade being pivotally mounted in the interior of said housing for pivoting between a first position, wherein a portion of the air flow along the air path is diverted through said third exit opening and a second position, wherein the air flow along said air path is permitted to move along said air path without diversion of a significant amount of air flow through said third exit opening.

4. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 1, wherein first and second devices further comprise:

a cylinder having a substantial hollow interior, said hollow interior being defined by an inner wall;

a plug adjacent to said second end of said device, said plug having bore therethrough;

a sealing washer adapted to prevent wax from moving past said sealing washer in the interior of said cylinder, said sealing washer being adjacent to said plug;

a wax fill cavity portion for holding said wax, said cavity defined by said inner wall of said cylinders, said plug and an inner shuttle nut;

a return spring having a first end adjacent to and biased against said spring base;

a piston shaft, said shaft extending away from said spring base through and out of the interior of said cylinder;

a shaft clip, said shaft clip retaining said return spring, said spring base and said piston shaft;

a stop washer, said stop washer being adjacent to and biased against a second end of said return spring;

a shaft ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said stop washer;

a shuttle ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said shaft ‘

O’

ring;

a shuttle being adjacent to said shuttle ‘

O’

ring;

said inner shuttle nut for retaining said shuttle ‘

O’

ring and said shaft ‘

O’

ring;

an over-pressure spring adjacent to and extending away from said shuttle wherein a compressor bottom and a compressor top are on either end of said over-pressure spring;

a cap is placed adjacent to said compressor top, said cap being outside of said cylinder of said first device; and

a pressure adjuster means for adjusting movement of said shuttle is affixed to said cap with a lock nut with said piston shaft extending through a bore in said adjuster means and said cap;

wherein said second device further comprises;

a pin mounted in said bore in said plug, said pin extending outwardly away from said plug, said pin forming a spring mount having a first and a second end;

a first relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said spring resting against said plug;

a support bearing being located at an apex of said relief spring, said support bearing having two elongate members extending therefrom horizontally and diametrically from each other, said elongate members bending to become parallel to each other to define a piston yolk;

a second relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said second relief spring having a first end adjacent to said piston yoke;

a stop washer being affixed by a nut to said second end of said spring mount; and

a quantity of wax, said wax being located in said wax fill cavities of each of said first and second devices, said wax being adapted to expand when subjected to additional thermal energy, said wax being adapted to contract when thermal energy is removed.

5. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 1, wherein said housing having a removable lid, said lid having a proximal side and a distal side, wherein said proximal side of said lid is positioned adjacent to an edge of said first duct opening, said proximal side having a protuberance extending downward, said protuberance being generally triangular in shape, said protuberance having an apex with an edge extending therefrom.

6. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 5, further comprising:

a grill for directing airflow inwardly and outwardly of said third exit opening, said grill having dimensions being adapted to fit across said side of said box having said third exit opening.

7. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 6, further comprising:

wherein said grill having a proximal side and a distal side, said grill being oriented such that said proximal side of said grill is adjacent to an edge of said first duct opening in said housing, said proximal side of said grill having rotatable eyelash vents mounted thereon, said eyelash vents being oriented substantially perpendicular to said air path, said distal side of said grill having rectangular vents therein, said grill being fastened to said box supports by a fastener means; and

wherein said second device being positioned between said distal end of said lid and said distal end of said grill.

8. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 1, further comprising:

wherein said housing having opposing walls positioned on either side of said air path;

a pivot shaft mounted to said damper blade for permitting rotation of said damper blade, said pivot shaft being mounted in said housing, wherein the pivot shaft has opposite mounting ends, each of said mounting ends being mounted to said opposing walls of said housing, said pivot shaft being oriented substantially perpendicular to said air path between said first duct opening and said second duct opening, said pivot shaft being comprised of two separate elongate portions with an open expanse therebetween, each elongate portion having an interior end spaced from an interior end of the other elongate portion, the interior end of each elongate portion being coupled to said damper blade, said pivot shaft being adapted to allow said damper blade to rotate in said air path; and

wherein said first device being mounted between said spaced interior ends of said pivot shaft.

9. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 8, further comprising:

two hole caps for mounting a yolk, each of said hole caps being mounted on one of said spaced ends of said pivot shaft, said yolk having two elongate members, wherein each of said elongate members is coupled to one of said caps, said elongate members extending outwardly from said hole caps generally parallel to each other in the direction of said second duct opening of said box, said elongate members extending adjacent to said second duct opening, said members each turning at substantially right angles toward each other such that said members join at a location on said second device.

10. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 9, further comprising:

wherein each of said first ends of said first and second devices including a piston shaft and each of said second ends of said first and second devices including a cylinder having said piston shaft slidably received therein;

wherein said bracket assembly being coupled to said piston shaft of said first device; and

wherein said second device being adjacent to said second side of said damper blade such that said damper blade is between said first device and said second device.

11. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 10, wherein said mounting assembly further comprises:

a first plate adjacent to said first device, said first plate being longer than said cylinder of said first device, said first plate having a L-shape, wherein a short end of said L-shaped plate is affixed to an end of said cylinder adjacent to said piston shaft of said first device and wherein a long end of said first L-shaped plate is parallel to said first device, said first plate being located between said first device and a first side of said blade damper;

a second plate located between said second device and the second side of said blade damper, said second plate being oriented substantially parallel to said first plate;

a first coupling means for coupling said first plate to said second plate, wherein said first coupling means is mounted to said second end of first device, said first coupling means being orientated perpendicular to said first plate, said first coupling means extending through a bore in said first plate and a bore in said second plate;

a second coupling means for coupling said first plate to said second plate, said second coupling means being substantially located at the intersection of a longitudinal axis line of said second device and said second plate, said second coupling means being generally rectangular with a bolt extending through each corner thereof, each of said bolts being secured by a nut; and

wherein said hinge coupling being substantially centered on said second coupling means, said hinge being fixedly coupled to said first plate between said first plate and said first device, said hinge being coupled to said piston shaft of said second device, wherein said piston shaft of said second device extends through a bore in said first plate and a bore in said second plate.

12. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 9, wherein said cylinder of said first and second devices further comprise:

said cylinder having a substantially hollow interior, said hollow interior being defined by an inner wall;

a plug adjacent to said second end of said device, said plug having bore therethrough;

a sealing washer adapted to prevent a wax from moving past said sealing washer in the interior of said cylinder, said sealing washer being adjacent to said plug;

a wax fill cavity portion for holding said wax, said cavity defined by said inner wall of said cylinders, said plug and a spring base;

a stop washer;

a return spring having a second end adjacent to and biased against said stop washer;

said piston shaft extending away from said spring base through and out of the interior of said cylinder;

a shaft clip, said shaft clip retaining said return spring, said spring base and said piston shaft;

said spring base being adjacent to and biased against a first end of said return spring;

an inner shuttle nut being adjacent to said stop washer;

a shaft ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said inner shuttle;

a shuttle ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said shaft ‘

O’

ring;

a shuttle being adjacent to said shuttle ‘

O’

ring;

an over-pressure spring adjacent to and extending away from said shuttle wherein a compressor bottom and a compressor top are on either end of said overpressure spring;

a cap is placed adjacent to said compressor top, said cap being outside of said cylinder of said first device; and

a pressure adjuster means for adjusting movement of said shuttle is affixed to said cap with a lock nut with said piston shaft extending through a bore in said adjuster means and said cap;

wherein said second device further comprises;

a pin mounted in said bore in said plug, said pin extending outwardly away from said plug, said pin forming a spring mount having a first and a second end;

a first relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said spring resting against said plug;

a support bearing being located at an apex of said relief spring, said support bearing being coupled to said two elongate members of said yolk, said elongated members extending from said support bearing generally horizontally and diametrically from each other, said elongate members bending to become parallel to each other and extending toward said hole caps;

a second relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said second relief spring having a first end adjacent to said piston yoke;

a stop washer being affixed by a nut to said second end of said spring mount,

a cowl for supporting said second device, said cowl having a first side portion, a second side portion, and a top portion, said first side portion being coupled to one of said elongate members of said yolk, said second side portion being coupled to the other of said elongate members of said yolk;

a quantity of wax, said wax being located in said wax fill cavities of each of said first and second devices, said wax being adapted to expand when subjected to additional thermal energy, said wax being adapted to contract when thermal energy is removed.

13. A thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space, said diffuser comprising:

a housing having at least one duct opening for communicating with a duct, said housing having an exit opening for communicating with a room wherein said third exit opening lies in a plane oriented substantially perpendicular to said first duct opening, said duct defining an airflow oriented substantially parallel to said exit opening;

a damper blade for diverting air flow from said air path, said damper blade being positioned in the interior of said housing, said damper blade having a first side and a second side such that said first side of said damper blade being generally facing the duct opening;

a first device wherein said first device is responsive to the ambient temperature around said first device, said first device being mounted adjacent to said first side of said damper blade;

a second device wherein said second device is responsive to the ambient temperature around said second device;

wherein said first and second devices each have a first end and a second end, wherein said first end and said second end are adapted to move away from each other when said device is warmed and said first end and said second end are adapted to move toward each other when said device is cooled, wherein said first and second ends are extended away from each other in a warmed position when thermal energy is applied and said first and second ends are retracted inwardly toward each other in cooled position when thermal energy is removed;

wherein said first device being positioned in the interior of said housing adjacent to an air path so as to be struck by air flowing along said air path, said second device being positioned in said housing between said exit opening and a wall in said housing diametrically opposed to said exit opening so as to be surrounded by air entering the interior of said housing through said exit opening;

a bracket assembly adapted for coupling said first end of the first device to said first side of the damper blade, wherein a longitudinal axis of said first device is oriented substantially perpendicular to said air flow;

a mounting assembly adapted for mounting said first device to said second device, wherein said second device is adjacent to said second side of said damper blade, said second device having a longitudinal axis oriented substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said first device;

a hinge coupling said second device to said mounting assembly;

wherein said damper blade has openings therein adapted to allow said mounting assembly to be movable relative to said pivot shaft, wherein said mounting assembly being is movable between a warmed position and a cooled position of said first device;

wherein said first and second devices further comprises;

a cylinder having a substantial hollow interior, said hollow interior being defined by an inner wall;

a plug adjacent to said second end of said device, said plug having bore therethrough;

a sealing washer adapted to prevent wax from moving past said sealing washer in the interior of said cylinder, said sealing washer being adjacent to said plug;

a wax fill cavity portion for holding said wax, said cavity defined by said inner wall of said cylinders, said plug and an inner shuttle nut;

a return spring having a first end adjacent to and biased against said spring base;

a piston shaft, said shaft extending away from said spring base through and out of the interior of said cylinder;

a shaft clip, said shaft clip retaining said return spring, said spring base and said piston shaft;

a stop washer, said stop washer being adjacent to and biased against a second end of said return spring;

a shaft ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said inner stop washer;

a shuttle ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said shaft ‘

O’

ring;

a shuttle being adjacent to said shuttle ‘

O’

ring;

said inner shuttle nut for biasing said stop washer against said shaft ‘

O’

rind and said shuttle ‘

O’

ring;

an over-pressure spring adjacent to and extending away from said shuttle wherein a compressor bottom and a compressor top are on either end of said over-pressure spring;

a cap is placed adjacent to said compressor top, said cap being outside of said cylinder of said first device; and

a pressure adjuster means for adjusting movement of said shuttle is affixed to said cap with a lock nut with said piston shaft extending through a bore in said adjuster means and said cap;

wherein said second device further comprises;

a pin mounted in said bore in said plug, said pin extending outwardly away from said plug, said pin forming a spring mount having a first and a second end;

a first relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said spring resting against said plug;

a support bearing being located at an apex of said relief spring, said support bearing having two elongate members extending therefrom horizontally and diametrically from each other, said elongate members bending to become parallel to each other to define a piston yolk;

a second relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said second relief spring having a first end adjacent to said piston yoke;

a stop washer being affixed by a nut to said second end of said spring mount; and

a quantity of wax, said wax being located in said wax fill cavities of each of said first and second devices, said wax being adapted to expand when subjected to additional thermal energy, said wax being adapted to contract when thermal energy is removed.

14. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 13 further including:

a heating element for controlling expansion and contraction of said wax, said heating element being coupled to an outside of said cylinder adjacent to said wax cavity; and

a thermostat operatively coupled to said heating element.

15. The thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space of claim 13 further including:

a heating element for controlling expansion and contraction of said wax, said heating element being coupled to an inside of said cylinder adjacent to said wax cavity; and

a thermostat operatively coupled to said heating element.

16. A thermally actuated diffuser for regulating air flow from a duct into a space, said diffuser comprising:

a housing having a first duct for communicating with a first duct opening and a second duct opening for communicating with a second duct, said second duct opening being diametrically opposed to said first duct opening to produce a substantially linear air path through said housing from said first duct opening to said second duct opening, said first and second ducts each lying in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the other said duct opening, said housing having opposing walls positioned on either side of said air path, said housing having a third exit opening for communicating with a room, wherein said third exit opening lies in a plane orientated substantially perpendicular to said first duct opening and said second duct opening;

a removable lid on said housing, said lid having a proximal side and a distal side, wherein said proximal side of said lid is positioned adjacent to an edge of said first duct opening, said proximal side having a protuberance extending toward said third exit opening, said protuberance being generally triangular in shape, said protuberance having an apex with an edge extending therefrom;

two box supports for supporting said housing within a wall, each of said box supports comprising an elongate U-shaped shaft, wherein said housing has opposite edges on a side of the housing having said third exit opening, each of said box supports being adapted to mount on one of said edges of said housing, said edges of said housing having two slots therein for receiving said box supports;

a grill for directing airflow inwardly and outwardly of said third exit opening, said grill having dimensions being adapted to fit across said side of said box having said third exit opening, said grill having a proximal side and a distal side, said grill being oriented such that said proximal side of said grill is adjacent to an edge of said first duct opening in said housing, said proximal side of said grill having rotatable eyelash vents mounted thereon, said eyelash vents being oriented substantially perpendicular to said air path, said distal side of said grill having rectangular vents therein, said grill being fastened to said box supports by a fastener means;

a damper blade for diverting air flow from said air path, said damper blade being positioned in the interior of said housing, said damper blade being positionable generally parallel to said first duct opening in said housing, said damper blade having a first and second side, wherein said first side of said damper blade generally faces said first duct opening, said damper blade being pivotally mounted in the interior of said housing for pivoting between a first position wherein a portion of the air flow along the air path is diverted through said third exit opening and a second position wherein the air flow along said air path is permitted to move along said air path without diversion of a significant amount of air flow through said third exit opening;

a pivot shaft mounted to said damper blade for permitting rotation of said damper blade, said pivot shaft being mounted in said housing, wherein the pivot shaft has opposite mounting ends, each of said mounting ends being mounted to one of said opposing walls of said housing, said pivot shaft being oriented substantially perpendicular to said air path between said first duct opening and said second duct opening, said pivot shaft being comprised of two separate elongate portions with an open expanse therebetween, each elongate portion having an interior end spaced from an interior end of the other elongate portion, the interior end of each elongate portion being coupled to said damper blade, said pivot shaft being adapted to allow said damper blade to rotate in said air path;

two hole caps for mounting a yolk, each of said hole caps being mounted on one of said spaced interior ends of said pivot shaft, said yolk having two elongate members, wherein each of said elongate members is coupled to one of said caps and coupled to said spaced interior ends of said pivot shafts in said hole caps, said elongate members extending outwardly from said hole caps parallel to each other in the direction of said second duct opening of said box, said elongate members extending toward said second duct opening, said elongate members each turning at substantially right angles toward each other such that said elongate members touch and fluidly join;

a first device wherein said first device is responsive to the ambient temperature around said first device;

a second device wherein said second device is responsive to the ambient temperature around said second device;

wherein said first and second devices are generally elongate and each of the devices has a first end and a second end, wherein said first end and said second end are adapted to move away from each other when said device is warmed and said first end and said second end are adapted to move toward each other when said device is cooled, wherein said first and second ends are relatively extended away from each other in a warmed position and said first and second ends are relatively retracted inwardly toward each other in a cooled position, each of said first ends including a piston shaft and each of said second ends including a cylinder having said piston shaft slidably received therein, wherein said first device is positioned in the interior of said housing adjacent to said air path so as to be surrounded by air flowing along said air path;

a bracket assembly for coupling the first end of said first device to said damper blade, a first portion of said bracket assembly being coupled to said piston shaft of said first device, a second portion of said bracket being coupled to said damper blade such that a longitudinal axis of said first device is substantially perpendicular to said air flow, said first device being positioned between said spaced ends of said pivot shaft;

a mounting assembly for mounting said first device to said second device, wherein said first and said second devices are located on opposite sides of said damper blade and wherein said second device has a longitudinal axis oriented substantially perpendicular to said longitudinal axis of said first device, wherein said second device is positioned between said distal side of said lid and said distal side of said grill so as to be surrounded by air entering the interior of said housing through

said third exit opening, wherein said mounting assembly comprises;

a first plate adjacent to said first device, said first plate being longer than said cylinder of said first device, said first plate having a L-shape with a long end and a short end, wherein the short end of said L-shaped plate is affixed to an end of said cylinder adjacent to said piston shaft of said first device and wherein the long end of said first L-shaped plate is parallel to said first device, said first plate being located between said first device and a first side of said blade;

a second plate located between said second device and a second side of said blade, said second plate being oriented substantially parallel to said first plate;

a first coupling means for coupling said first plate to said second plate, wherein said first coupling means is mounted to said first end of said first device, said first coupling means being orientated perpendicular to said first plate, said first coupling means extending through a bore in said first plate and a bore in said second plate;

a second coupling means for coupling said first plate to said second plate, said second coupling means being located substantially at the intersection of a longitudinal line of said second device and said second plate, said second coupling means being generally rectangular with a bolt extending through each corner thereof, each of said bolts being secured by a nut;

a hinge coupling said second device to said mounting assembly, said hinge being substantially centered on said second coupling means, said hinge being fixedly coupled to said first plate between said first plate and said first device, said hinge being coupled to said piston shaft of said second device, wherein said piston shaft of said second device extends through a bore in said first plate and a bore in said second plate;

wherein said damper blade has openings therein adapted to allow said first plate to be connected to said second plate such that said mounting assembly is movable relative to said pivot shaft, wherein said mounting assembly is movable between a warmed position and a cooled position of said first device;

wherein said first device in said warmed position urges said mounting apparatus away from said bracket such that said hinge is oriented on a first side of said pivot shaft, and wherein said first device in said cooled position urges said mounting apparatus toward said bracket such that said hinge is oriented on a second side of said pivot shaft;

wherein the warmed position of said first device and second device orients said blade damper such that air flowing along said air path is directed toward said lid and through said second duct opening;

wherein the warmed position of said first device and the cooled position of said second device being orients said blade such that the air flowing along said air path is directed toward said eyelash vents in said grill;

wherein the cooled position of said first device and the warmed position of said second device orients said blade such that air flowing along said air path is directed toward said eyelash vents in said grill;

wherein the cooled position of said first device and said second device orients said blade such that air flowing along said air path is directed toward said second opening;

wherein said cylinder of said first and second devices having a substantially hollow interior, said hollow interior being defined by an inner wall, wherein said cylinder of said first and second devices further comprise;

a plug adjacent to said second end of said device, said plug having bore therethrough;

a sealing washer adapted to prevent wax from moving past said sealing washer in the interior of said cylinder, said sealing washer being adjacent to said plug;

a wax fill cavity portion for holding said wax, said cavity defined by said inner wall of said cylinders, said plug and an inner shuttle nut;

a return spring having a first end adjacent to and biased against said spring base;

a piston shaft, said shaft extending away from said spring base through and out of the interior of said cylinder;

a shaft clip, said shaft clip retaining said return spring, said spring base and said piston shaft;

a stop washer, said stop washer being adjacent to and biased against a second end of said return spring;

a shaft ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said stop washer;

a shuttle ‘

O’

ring being adjacent to said shaft ‘

O’

ring;

said inner shuttle nut for biasing against said shaft ‘

O’

ring and shuttle ‘

O’

ring;

a shuttle being adjacent to said shuttle ‘

O’

ring;

an over-pressure spring adjacent to and extending away from said shuttle wherein a compressor bottom and a compressor top are on either end of said over-pressure spring;

a cap is placed adjacent to said compressor top, said cap being outside of said cylinder of said first device; and

a pressure adjuster means for adjusting movement of said shuttle is affixed to said cap with a lock nut with said piston shaft extending through a bore in said adjuster means and said cap;

wherein said second device further comprises;

a plug, said plug being hollow and having a bore therethrough, said bore being on a top side of said plug, said plug being adjacent to said plug;

a pin mounted in said bore in said plug, said pin extending outwardly away from said plug, said pin forming a spring mount having a first and a second end;

a first relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said spring resting against said plug;

a support bearing being located at an apex of said relief spring, said support bearing being coupled to said two elongate members of said yolk;

a cowl for supporting said second device, said cowl having a first side portion, a second side portion, and a top portion, said first side portion being coupled to one of said elongate members of said yolk, said second side portion being coupled to the other of said elongate members of said yolk;

a second relief spring mounted on said spring mount, said second relief spring having a first end adjacent to said piston yoke;

a stop washer being affixed by a nut to said second end of said spring mount; and

a quantity of wax, said wax being located in said wax fill cavities of each of said first and second devices, said wax being adapted to expand when subjected to additional thermal energy, said wax being adapted to contract when thermal energy is removed.