Non-minutiae automatic fingerprint identification system and methods

• US 6,212,290 B1
• Filed: 11/07/1994
• Issued: 04/03/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: TMS, Inc.
• Original Assignee: TMS, Inc.
• Inventors: Gagne, Patricia C., Puterko, Carol M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Couso, Jose L.
• Application Number:
  US08/337,204
• Time in Patent Office: 2,339 Days
• Field of Search: 382/100, 382/115, 382/124, 382/125, 382/126, 382/127, 382/282, 235/379, 902/4, 902/5, 902/6, 902/21, 902/25, 902/26, 902/28, 340/825.31, 340/825.33, 340/825.34
• US Class Current: 382/125
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/12 Fingerprints or palmprints
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/257 electronically G07C9/26 takes precedence

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and methods for verifying a person'"'"'s identity, and pertains in particular to such a system and methods which utilize comparison of a fingerprint pattern for identification verification. The image of a fingerprint of a person to be identified is provided on an inkless means which when touched by a finger of the person causes immediate development of an image of the fingerprint of the finger in a black and white appearance. This image of a fingerprint is video scanned to produce image data which is digitized to produce a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier indicative of the fingerprint. A preferred method and system provides a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having 24 bytes of fingerprint identification data which is recordable within the magnetic stripe of a credit card personal to a person, or may be recorded within the confines of a portable personnel identification means, or within a smart card, personal to a person. The non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier is provided by selectively analyzing different parts of a fingerprint and deriving from each part a byte numeric which is directly related to the ridge count computed for that part. Prior to performing the “digitizing” method, a fingerprint identity window is defined as the area of analysis. The present invention also discloses inventive methods relating to “image sizing” and “image framing” which are performed upon the fingerprint image and whitespace digital data stored in memory, prior to defining a fingerprint identity window. Various applications of the invention methods and system are disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method of verifying the identity of a person comprising the steps of:

a) obtaining a fingerprint of a person to be identified provided via the use of an inkless material which when touched by a finger of said person causes immediate development of an image of the fingerprint of said finger in a black and white appearance,

b) providing a portable personnel identification, personal to said person, having recorded therewith a non-minutiae numerical identifier which identifies the fingerprint of the said finger of said person,

c) electronically reading said numerical identifier recorded on said portable personnel identification, and electronically storing in memory the said numerical identifier,

d) video scanning said image of said fingerprint provided by said inkless means to produce fingerprint image data, electronically storing in digital form in an addressable memory said fingerprint image data, and digitizing, electronically, on a non-minutiae basis, the said fingerprint image data to produce a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier indicative of said fingerprint,

e) comparing the numerical identifier of said identification stored in said memory with said non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier stored in said addressable memory, to verify the identity of said person.

2. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising as to step a) above:

using the index finger of said person to be identified to provide said fingerprint.

3. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising as to step a) above:

using the thumb of said person to be identified to provide said fingerprint.

4. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising as to step b) above:

providing a credit card as said portable personnel identification, personal to said person.

5. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising as to step d) above:

using a video camera to video scan the said image of the said fingerprint provided on the said inkless material.

6. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising the step of:

prior to digitizing the said image data, storing in a random-access memory means the scanned image of the said fingerprint provided on the said inkless material.

7. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:

displaying verification of the identity of said person.

8. A method as defined in claim 7, further comprising:

displaying non-verification of the identity of the said person.

9. A method as defined in claim 8, further comprising:

withholding said portable personnel identification upon occurrence of non-verification of the identity of said person.

10. A method as defined in claim 9, further comprising:

withholding a credit card provided as said personal personnel identification upon occurrence of non-verification of the identity of said person.

11. A method as defined in claim 1, further comprising as to step a) above:

using a toe of a person to be identified to provide an identification print.

26. A method as defined in claim 1, wherein said numerical identifier recorded within said portable personnel identification means and said non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier each have less than 400 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

27. A method as defined in claim 4, wherein said numerical identifier recorded within said credit card and said non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier each have 24 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

12. A method for the automatic non-minutiae identification of a fingerprint image comprising in combination:

a) video scanning an image of a fingerprint of a person to be identified;

b) electronically storing, in digital form, in an addressable memory, fingerprint image data produced from video scanning said image of a fingerprint;

c) selectively analyzing, electronically, on a non-minutiae basis, a plurality of different fingerprint image parts of the stored fingerprint image data and computing a count for each of said plurality of fingerprint image parts; and

d) compiling a data matrix comprised of a plurality of counts computed for the said plurality of different fingerprint image parts to provide a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier indicative of said image of a fingerprint of a person to be identified.

13. A method as defined in claim 12 further comprising:

providing said image of a fingerprint via the use of an inkless material which when touched by a finger of said person causes immediate development of said image of a fingerprint of the said person.

14. A method as defined in claim 13 further comprising:

providing a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having less than 400 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

15. A method as defined in claim 13 further comprising:

providing a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having 24 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

16. A method as defined in claim 13 further comprising:

providing said image of a fingerprint by using the index finger of said person.

17. A method as defined in claim 13 further comprising:

providing said image of a fingerprint by using the thumb of said person.

18. A method as defined in claim 13 further comprising:

providing said image by using a toe of said person.

19. A method for the automatic non-minutiae identification of a fingerprint of a person to be identified, comprising the steps of:

a) video scanning an image of a fingerprint and producing fingerprint image data and whitespace data;

b) electronically storing in digital form, in an addressable memory, said fingerprint image data and whitespace data;

c) determining the location of the said fingerprint image data stored in digital form in said addressable memory with the said whitespace data;

d) defining a fingerprint identity window within said fingerprint image data stored in the said addressable memory;

e) selectively analyzing, electronically, on a non-minutiae basis, a plurality of different fingerprint image parts of the said fingerprint image data contained within said fingerprint identity window and computing a count for each of said plurality of fingerprint image parts; and

f) compiling a data matrix comprised of a plurality of counts computed for the said plurality of fingerprint image parts to provide a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier indicative of said image of a fingerprint of a person to be identified.

20. A method as defined in claim 19, further comprising:

providing a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having less than 400 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

21. A method as defined in claim 19, further comprising:

providing a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having less than 100 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

22. A method as defined in claim 19, further comprising:

providing a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having 24 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

23. A method as defined in claim 19, further comprising:

defining said fingerprint identity window by determining the dimensions of said window around an origin point defined as (XC, YC), wherein XC=X-END minus (X-END minus X-START) divided by 3, and YC=Y-END minus (Y-END minus Y-START) divided by 2.

24. A method as defined in claim 19, further comprising as to step c):

image framing the said fingerprint image data and whitespace data to a predetermined dimension, and establishing Y-TOP and Y-BOTTOM values along the Y-axis of said predetermined dimension;

computing the X-Axis Range of the fingerprint image data contained in the framed image data by determining two X-axis values, said X-axis values being X-START and X-END, wherein X-START indicates the memory data location where the fingerprint image data starts on the X-axis, and X-END indicates the memory data location where the fingerprint image data ends on the X-axis;

computing the Y-Axis Range of the fingerprint image data contained in the framed image data by determining two Y-axis values, said Y-axis values being Y-START and Y-END, wherein Y-START indicates the memory data location where the fingerprint image data starts on the Y-axis, and Y-END indicates the memory data location where the fingerprint image data ends on the Y-axis; and

determining the dimensional area of said fingerprint image data by utilizing said X-START, X-END, Y-START and Y-END values.

25. A method as defined in claim 23, further comprising:

defining the dimensional area of the said fingerprint identity window by predetermining a window-size for said fingerprint identity window and defining said dimensional area as from (XC−

DIFF, YC−

DIFF) to (XC+DIFF, YC+DIFF) where DIFF=½

(window-size minus

     1) and (XC−

DIFF)=Xs, (XC+DIFF)=Xe, (YC−

DIFF)=Ys, and (YC+DIFF)=Ye.

28. An automatic non-minutiae fingerprint identification system comprising in combination:

fingerprint format holder means for positioning a fingerprint format in a predetermined scan position;

video scanner means for electronically scanning an image of a fingerprint of a person to be identified provided by said fingerprint format, to produce image data including fingerprint image data and whitespace data;

video digitizer means for electronically converting said fingerprint image data and whitespace data into digital image data;

addressable memory means for storing said digital image data;

program-controlled processor means for selectively analyzing, electronically, on a non-minutiae basis, a plurality of different fingerprint image parts of the said digital image data stored in digital form in said addressable memory means, to provide a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier indicative of said image of a fingerprint of a person to be identified;

portable personnel identification card reader means for reading a numerical identifier recorded within the confines of a portable personnel identification card means and indicative of said fingerprint of said person to be identified;

memory means for storing said numerical identifier read by said card reader means; and

means for comparing the said numerical identifier with said non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier, to verify the identity of the said person to be identified.

29. A system as defined in claim 28 further comprising:

means for defining a fingerprint identity window within the said digital image data.

30. A system as defined in claim 28 further comprising:

means for image framing the said digital image data to a predetermined dimension and for determining the location of the said fingerprint image data within the said digital image data.

31. A system as defined in claim 28 further comprising LCD display means for displaying system messages.

32. A system as defined in claim 31 wherein said program-controlled processor means provides a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having less than 400 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

33. A system as defined in claim 31 wherein said program-controlled processor means provides a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having less than 100 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

34. A system as defined in claim 31 wherein said program-controlled processor means provides a non-minutiae digitized numerical identifier having 24 bytes of fingerprint identification data.

35. A system as defined in claim 31 further comprising:

inkless fingerprint format means for providing said image of a fingerprint.

36. A system as defined in claim 29 further comprising:

inkless fingerprint format means for providing said image of a fingerprint.

37. A system as defined in claim 30 further comprising:

inkless fingerprint format means for providing said image of a fingerprint.

38. A system as defined in claim 28 further comprising:

inkless fingerprint format means for providing said image of a fingerprint.