Method for preparation of metal intercalated fullerene-like metal chalcogenides
First Claim
1. A method for the preparation of nanoparticles or nanowhiskers of a metal II-doped metal I oxide, wherein said metal I is selected from In, Ga, Sn and a transition metal and said metal II is any metal, which method comprises:
- (i) heating a metal I material with water in a vacuum apparatus at a base pressure of 10−
3 to 10−
5 Torr or electron beam evaporating a metal I material with water or with an oxygen-containing volatile solvent in a vacuum apparatus at a base pressure of 10−
5 to 10−
6 Torr, in the presence of a metal II salt;
, and (ii) recovering the metal II-doped metal I oxide powder from the walls of the vacuum apparatus.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method for the preparation of nanoparticles of metal oxides containing inserted metal particles and to metal-intercalated and/or metal-encaged “inorganic fullerene-like” (hereinafter IF) structures of metal chalcogenides obtained therefrom is provided, which comprises heating a metal I material with water vapor or electron beam evaporation of said metal I material with water or another suitable solvent, in the presence of a metal II salt, and recovering the metal II-doped metal I oxide, or proceeding to subsequent sulfidization, yielding bulk quantities of metal II-intercalated or metal II-encaged IF structures of the metal I chalcogenide. The metal II salt is preferably an alkaline, alkaline earth or transition metal salt, most preferably an alkali chloride. The intercalated and/or encaged IF structures are usable as lubricants. They also form stable suspensions, e.g. in alcohol, and electrophoretic deposition from said suspensions yields thin films of the intercalated IF materials, which have a range of potential applications.
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Citations
21 Claims
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1. A method for the preparation of nanoparticles or nanowhiskers of a metal II-doped metal I oxide, wherein said metal I is selected from In, Ga, Sn and a transition metal and said metal II is any metal, which method comprises:
-
(i) heating a metal I material with water in a vacuum apparatus at a base pressure of 10−
3 to 10−
5 Torr or electron beam evaporating a metal I material with water or with an oxygen-containing volatile solvent in a vacuum apparatus at a base pressure of 10−
5 to 10−
6 Torr, in the presence of a metal II salt;
, and(ii) recovering the metal II-doped metal I oxide powder from the walls of the vacuum apparatus. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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2. A method according to claim I wherein said transition metal I includes Mo, W, V, Zr, Hf, Pt, Re, Nb, Ta Ti, and Ru, and said metal II is selected from an alkali, alkaline earth or a transition metal.
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8. A method for the preparation of metal II-intercalated and/or metal II-encaged inorganic fullerene-like (IF) structures of a metal I chalcogenide, wherein said metal I is selected from In, Ga, Sn and a transition metal and said metal II is any metal, which method comprises:
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(i) heating a metal I material with water in a vacuum apparatus at a base pressure of 10−
3 to 10−
5 Torr or electron beam evaporating a metal I material with water or with an oxygen-containing volatile solvent in a vacuum apparatus at a base pressure of 10−
5 to 10−
6 Torr, in the presence of a metal II salt;
(ii) aimealing the metal II-doped metal I oxide obtained in step (i) in a reducing atmosphere with a H2X gas, wherein X is S, Se, or Te; and
(iii) recovering the metal II-intercalated and/or metal II-encaged inorganic fullerene-like (IF) structures of the metal I chalcogenide. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11)
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- 12. Metal II-intercalated and/or metal II-encaged inorganic fullerene-like (IF) structures of a metal I chalcogenide, wherein said metal I is selected from In, Ga, Sn and a transition metal and said metal II is any metal.
- 19. A stable suspension in a polar solvent of at least one of a metal II-intercalated IF structure and a metal II-encaged IF structure of a metal I chalcogenide, wherein said metal I is selected from the group consisting of In, Ga, Sn and a transition metal, and said metal II is any metal.
Specification