Reactive floor tiling system to protect against falls

• US 6,233,761 B1
• Filed: 07/29/1999
• Issued: 05/22/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 07/29/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Samuel R. Neff
• Original Assignee: Samuel R. Neff
• Inventors: Neff, Samuel R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Melius, Terry Lee
• Assistant Examiner(s): CONLEY, FREDRICK C
• Application Number:
  US09/363,539
• Time in Patent Office: 663 Days
• Field of Search: 542/4, 542/0, 542/7, 543/0, 566/3, 541/7, 182/137
• US Class Current: 5/420
• CPC Class Codes: A61G 12/00 Accommodation for nursing, e.g. in hospitals, not covered by groups A61G1/00 - A61G11/00, e.g. trolleys for transport of medicaments or food service or tea-tables, trolleys or wagons A47B31/00; Prescription lists
• CPC Class Codes: A61G 2203/70 with special adaptations, e.g. for safety or comfort
• CPC Class Codes: A62B 1/22 by making use of jumping devices, e.g. jumping-sheets, jumping-mattresses

Abstract

A system for inexpensively placing an active fall-protection system in a floor is described. The floor is tessellated with large octagonal tiles and smaller square tiles. Each large octagonal tile contains a sodium azide-loaded airbag that expands, upon detonation, to 18 cm tall. Each square tile contains an infrared proximity detector and a differentiation. Upon accelerating approach of a large enough infrared-emitting object (such as a falling human body) the square tile detonates the four adjacent octagonal tiles. In this manner, the airbag tiles are deployed over the area of the floor destined to be impacted. Since the detectors respond to accelerating, large infrared-emitting objects, the floor tiles will not deploy during normal activities.

Claims

1. An apparatus for use as a floor to automatically prevent an individual from falling against said floor, said apparatus comprising:

a detonator device having an inflatable means stored therein, said inflatable means having a top surface that forms a part of said floor when said inflatable means is in a stowed condition in said detonator device; and

a detector device that is electrically coupled to said detonator device and that is immediately adjacent said detonator device, said detector device having a top surface that forms a part of said floor, said detector device comprising a detector for detecting an individual falling towards said detector and activating said inflatable means to drive said top surface of said inflatable means towards the falling individual, and wherein said detector comprises a passive infrared motion detector.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said passive infrared motion detector has an output and wherein said detector further comprises an object-size threshold circuit coupled to the output of said passive infrared motion detector, said object-size threshold circuit comparing said passive infrared motion detector output to an emission corresponding to a human body detected at approximately 1 meter.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said detector further comprises a velocity threshold circuit coupled to the output of said passive infrared motion detector, said velocity threshold circuit comparing a time derivative value of said passive infrared motion detector output to a constantly increasing velocity of approximately the gravitational constant, g.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said detector further comprises a gate that is asserted whenever said passive infrared motion detector output corresponds to an emission that is equal to, or exceeds, said emission corresponding to a human body detected at approximately 1 meter and wherein said passive infrared motion detector output also equals or exceeds a constantly increasing velocity of approximately the gravitational constant.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said top surface of said detector device is transparent to infrared radiation.

6. A method for automatically preventing an individual from falling against a floor, said method comprising the steps of:

providing a detonator device, positioned in the floor, with an inflatable means having a top surface that forms a part of the floor when said inflatable means is stored within said detonator device;

monitoring an immediate vicinity above said detonator device to determine if an individual is falling towards said detonator device; and

activating the inflatable means whenever the individual is falling towards said detonator device to prevent the individual from striking the floor.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said step of monitoring the immediate vicinity above said detonator device comprises providing a passive infrared motion detector, having an output, immediately adjacent said detonator device.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said step of monitoring the immediate vicinity above said detonator device comprises comparing the output of said passive infrared motion detector against an infrared emission corresponding to a human body at approximately 1 meter.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said step of monitoring the immediate vicinity above said detonator device further comprises comparing the time derivative of said output of said passive infrared motion detector against a constantly increasing velocity of approximately the gravitational constant, g.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein said step of activating the inflatable means occurs whenever:

(a) said output of said passive infrared motion detector corresponds to, or exceeds, an infrared emission corresponding to a human body at approximately 1 meter; and

(b) said time derivative of said output of said passive infrared motion detector is equal to, or exceeds, a constantly increasing velocity of approximately the gravitational constant, g.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said step of monitoring the immediate vicinity above said detonator device comprises positioning said passive infrared motion detector in said floor.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said monitoring the immediate vicinity above said detonator device further comprises positioning a plurality of passive infrared motion detectors immediately adjacent said detonator tile and wherein said step of activating said activating the inflatable means comprises any one of said plurality of passive infrared motion detectors detecting the falling individual.