Dual output alternator system

• US 6,239,996 B1
• Filed: 04/26/2000
• Issued: 05/29/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 01/24/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Perreault, David J., Caliskan, Vahe
• Primary Examiner(s): HAN, YOUNGHUIE JESSICA
• Application Number:
  US09/558,739
• Time in Patent Office: 398 Days
• Field of Search: 363/37, 363/89, 323/222, 323/223
• US Class Current: 363/89
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/007 Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/20 AC to AC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/14 Synchronous machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/54 Windings for different functions
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/20 characterised by converters located in the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/24 Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/122 Provisions for temporary connection of DC sources of essentially the same voltage, e.g. jumpstart cables
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/20 Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1423 with multiple batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/342 The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging with circuits for polarity protection H02J7/0034
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0085 Partially controlled bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/009 having two or more independently controlled outputs for DC-DC converter with intermediate AC H02M3/33561
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1552 Boost converters exploiting the leakage inductance of a transformer or of an alternator as boost inductor
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 7/217 using semiconductor devices only
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 2101/15 for wind-driven turbines
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 6/182 using back-emf in windings
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/102 : for limiting effects of transients
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/307 : more than one voltage output
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 9/48 : Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle H02P9/04 - H02P9/46 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/92 : Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A dual output alternator system includes an alternating current (ac) voltage source controllable by controlling a field current, a rectifier coupled to the ac voltage source and having first and second outputs coupled to respective ones of first and second outputs of the dual output alternator system, a sensor coupled to at least one of the ac voltage source, an engine and a back emf signal source and a control system having a first input coupled to an output of the sensor, a second input coupled to at least one of the first and second outputs of the dual output alternator system and a first output coupled to the rectifier.

Claims

1. A dual output alternator system, having a first output for providing first and second output voltages at first and second outputs of the dual alternator system, the dual output alternator system comprising:

an alternating current (ac) voltage source controllable by controlling a field current thereof, said ac voltage source having an output and an internal inductance;

a rectifier having an input coupled to the ac voltage source having a first output and having a second output, each of the first and second outputs coupled to respective ones of the first and second output of the dual output alternator system;

a sensor having an input coupled to at least one of said ac voltage source, an engine and a back emf signal source and having an output; and

a control system having a first input coupled to the output of said sensor, a second input coupled to at least one of the first and second outputs of the dual output alternator system and a first output coupled to said rectifier.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the second input of said control system is coupled to the first output of the dual output alternator system and said control system further includes a third input coupled to the second output of the dual output alternator system.

3. The system of claim 1 wherein said rectifier comprises:

a plurality of thyristors, each of said thyristors having a first terminal coupled to a respective one of the ac voltage source output terminals, a second terminal coupled to the first output of the dual output alternator system and a third terminal coupled to receive a control signals from said control system; and

a plurality of field effect transistors, each of said field effect transistors having a first terminal coupled to a respective one of the ac voltage source output terminals, a second terminal coupled to a reference potential and a control terminal which receives control signals from said control system.

4. The system of claim 3 wherein said control system comprises:

a control processor adapted to receive at least a first signal from said sensor and a second signal from one of the first and second outputs of the dual output alternator;

a first duty/firing controller having a first terminal coupled to said control processor and having a second terminal coupled to a control terminal of each of said plurality of thyristors;

a second duty/firing controller having a first terminal coupled to coupled to said control processor and having a second terminal coupled to said switched mode rectifier; and

a field controller having a first terminal coupled to said control processor and having a second terminal coupled to said ac voltage source.

5. The system of claim 1 wherein said rectifier is a switched mode rectifier that comprises:

a first set of switches, each of said switches having a first terminal coupled to one of the output terminals of said ac voltage source, having a second terminal coupled to a first one of the outputs of the dual alternator system and having a third terminal coupled to said control system; and

a second set of switches, each of said second set of switches having a first terminal coupled to the output terminals of said ac voltage source and to the first terminals of the first set of switches, having a second set of terminals coupled to the a second one of the outputs of the dual output alternator system and having a third terminal coupled to the control system.

6. The system of claim 5 wherein:

said first set of switches are provided as thyristors each of said thyristors having a first terminal coupled to a respective one of the ac voltage source output terminals, a second terminal coupled to the first output of the dual output alternator system and a third terminal coupled to receives control signals from a first duty/firing controller; and

said second set of switches are provided as field effect transistors, each of said field effect transistors having a first terminal coupled to a respective one of the ac voltage source output terminals, a second terminal coupled to a reference potential and a control terminal which receives control signals from a second duty/firing controller.

7. The system of claim 3 further comprising a set of diodes with each of the diodes having a first terminal coupled to the output terminals of said ac voltage source and having a second terminal coupled to the second output of the dual output alternator system.

10. The system of claim 1 wherein:

said ac voltage source comprises a dual-wound alternator having separate machine windings; and

said rectifier comprises a pair of separate rectifiers, each of the rectifiers coupled to one of the first and second outputs of the dual alternator system.

11. The system of claim 1 further comprising a connecting system having a first terminal adapted to couple to a charging source and a second terminal coupled to said ac voltage source, said connecting system for selectively providing a low impedance path between the first and second terminals thereof.

12. The system of claim 11 further comprising a charging source having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, said charging source for charging a second source coupled to the second output of the dual output alternator system.

13. The system of claim 11 further comprising a jump charging controller coupled to said control system, said jump charging controller operative to enable said rectifier to be used in conjunction with the ac voltage source inductances as a dc-to-dc converter to charge a second source from a first source.

14. The system of claim 12 wherein the positive terminal of said charging source is coupled to the neutral point of the ac voltage source.

15. The system of claim 12 wherein said charging source has a voltage level which is less than the voltage level of the second source.

16. The system of claim 12 wherein said charging source corresponds to a first source coupled to the first output of the dual output alternator system.

17. The system of claim 1 wherein said sensor is provided as at least one of:

a speed sensor having an input port coupled to one of said ac voltage source and an engine of the vehicle and having an output port coupled to said control system; and

a back emf sensor having an input port coupled to said ac voltage source and an output port coupled to said control system.

8. The system of 1 wherein said rectifier comprises:

a switched mode rectifier; and

a diode bridge coupled between said ac voltage source and said switched mode rectifier.

9. The system of 1 wherein said switched-mode rectifier includes a transformer.