Powerful reductant for decontamination of groundwater and surface streams

• US 6,242,663 B1
• Filed: 01/10/2000
• Issued: 06/05/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 01/15/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Penn State Research Foundation
• Original Assignee: Penn State Research Foundation
• Inventors: Mallouk, Thomas E., Ponder, Sherman M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Griffin, Steven P.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NAVE, EILEEN ENAD
• Application Number:
  US09/480,191
• Time in Patent Office: 512 Days
• Field of Search: 588/15, 588/206, 588/231, 588/236, 588/207, 588/205, 588/223, 588/224, 757/24, 753/44, 252/182.33, 976/DIG.377, 210/682, 210/912, 210/902, 210/504
• US Class Current: 588/315
• CPC Class Codes: B09C 1/002 involving in-situ ground water treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B09C 1/08 chemically
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/705 Reduction by metals
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/20 Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/22 Chromium or chromium compounds, e.g. chromates
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/322 Volatile compounds, e.g. benzene
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2101/36 containing halogen
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2103/06 Contaminated groundwater or leachate

Abstract

The disclosed invention relates to a composite material for use in recovery of radionuclides, metals, and halogenated hydrocarbons from aqueous media. The material has very high surface area, and includes nanometer sized, zero-valent iron on a support. The material can be used to remediate aqueous media which have contaminants such as radionuclides, metals and halogenated hydrocarbons from aqueous media.

Claims

1. The method for remediation of heavy metals and halogenated hydrocarbon contaminates from aqueous media comprising,

forming a solution of a water soluble salt of Fe in water in the presence of a support material,

adding an alkali borohydride to the solution to form a precipitate of zero valent Fe having a siloxane coupling on the support material wherein the precipitate has an average particle size of about 5 nm to about 50 nm, and

exposing the support material having the zero valent Fe thereon to an aqueous media having a pH of 5.5 or above and having a contaminate selected from the group consisting of heavy metals and halogenated hydrocarbons to cause any one of the heavy metals and halogenated hydrocarbons to deposit onto the precipitate.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the heavy metals are selected from the group consisting of Cr, Th, Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Bi, and Sb.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein said halogenated hydrocarbons are selected from the group consisting of carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene (TCE), tetrachlorethylene (PCE), chloroform, vinyl chloride, dichloroethylene, and perchloroethylene.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the water soluble salt of Fe is FeSO₄—

7H₂O, the support material is silica gel and the alkali borohydride is NaBH₄.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said aqueous media is an organic liquid having up to about 90% by weight water.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein said organic liquid is selected from the group consisting of alcohols, ethers, and alkanes.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said aqueous media is an organic liquid having up to about 50% by weight water.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the zero valent metal Fe has an average particle size of about 5 nm to about 15 nm.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the precipitate consists essentially of zero valent iron having a particle size of 5 nm to about 50 nm.