Solid state gamma camera

• US 6,242,745 B1
• Filed: 05/24/1999
• Issued: 06/05/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: GE Medical Systems Israel, Ltd
• Original Assignee: GE Medical Systems Israel, Ltd
• Inventors: Hefetz, Yaron, Berlad, Gideon
• Primary Examiner(s): Hannaher, Constantine
• Assistant Examiner(s): GAGLIARDI, ALBERT J
• Application Number:
  US09/308,808
• Time in Patent Office: 743 Days
• Field of Search: 250/366, 250/367, 250/369, 250/361.R, 250/363.02, 250/370.01, 250/370.06, 250/370.1, 250/370.11, 250/370.12, 250/370.13, 250/370.14, 250/371
• US Class Current: 250/370.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4258 for detecting non x-ray radiation, e.g. gamma radiation A61B6/037 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/1642 using a scintillation crystal and position sensing photodetector arrays, e.g. ANGER cameras
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/247 Detector read-out circuitry for processing gain or off-set correction H04N
• CPC Class Codes: G01T 1/2928 using solid state detectors

Abstract

A gamma camera head including:

a plurality of signal sources, each associated with a pixel position, the source producing a signal when a gamma ray absorption event occurs at or sufficiently close to its associated pixel, wherein the plurality of signal sources is associated with a contiguous extent of pixels; and

a plurality of electronic circuits, each of which receives signals from at least two of the plurality of signal sources, wherein each circuit receives the signals only from sources associated with non-contiguous pixels.

Claims

1. A gamma camera head comprising:

a plurality of signal sources, each associated with a pixel position, each said source producing a signal when a gamma ray absorption event occurs at or sufficiently close to its associated pixel, wherein said plurality of signal sources is associated with a contiguous extent of pixels; and

a plurality of electronic circuits, each of which receives signals from at least two of the plurality of signal sources, wherein each said circuit receives said signals only from sources associated with non-contiguous pixels.

2. A gamma camera head according to claim 1, wherein each signal source is connected to only one of said plurality of circuits (42).

3. A gamma camera head according to claim 1, wherein each electronic circuit produces a signal related to an energy of the event whenever any of the signal sources from which it receives signals produces a signal greater than a predetermined threshold.

4. A gamma camera head according to claim 1, wherein said pixels are grouped into contiguous groups of contiguous pixels and wherein each of said plurality of circuits receives signals from only one pixel in each group.

5. A gamma camera head according to claim 4 wherein none of said plurality of circuits receives said signals from contiguous pixels in two adjoining groups.

6. A gamma camera head according to claim 4 wherein each electronic circuit also produces at least one group indication signal indicating in which group of pixels the source produced signal was generated.

7. A gamma camera head according to claim 4 wherein each electronic circuit also produces at least one signal (H) indicating that an event has occurred, the event indicating signal preceding an energy signal produced by it in time.

8. A gamma camera head according to claim 4, wherein each group comprises four pixel elements.

9. A gamma camera head according to claim 4, wherein each group comprises nine pixel elements.

10. A gamma camera head according to claim 4, wherein each pixel group comprises two pixel elements.

11. A gamma camera head according to claim 4, wherein said sources transmit said signals to said circuit independent of any interrogating signal to the sources.

12. A gamma camera head according to claim 4 wherein said sources are each associated with an array of contiguous areas on the camera, such that said source produced signals represent events which occur at or near the associated area and wherein said plurality of circuits identifies events which generate signals in sources associated with two neighboring areas.

13. A gamma camera according to claim 4, wherein the signal sources are solid state signal sources.

14. A gamma camera head according claim 4, wherein the signal sources are associated with at least one normally insulating crystal (20) in which free charge is produced when a gamma ray is absorbed therein.

15. A gamma camera head according to claim 4 wherein, each electronic circuit that receives a source produced signal produces an indication of the group from which it received the source produced signal.

16. A gamma camera head according to claim 15 and including additional circuitry that receives group indications from said plurality of circuits and determines the location of an event that produced the source produced signals, responsive to the group indications.

17. A gamma camera head according to claim 16 wherein the additional circuitry determines the location of an event responsive to an identification the circuit or circuits of the plurality of circuits that received said source produced signals.

18. A gamma camera head according to claim 4, wherein said sources transmit said signals to said circuit independent of any interrogating signal to the sources.

19. A gamma camera head in accordance with claim 1, wherein said sources transmit said signals to said plurality of circuit independent of any interrogating signal to the sources.

20. A gamma camera head according to claim 1 wherein said sources are each associated with an array of contiguous areas (12) on the camera, such that said source produced signals represent events which occur at or near the associated area and wherein said plurality of circuit identifies events which generate signals in sources associated with two neighboring areas.

21. A gamma camera head according to claim 1 wherein the signal sources are solid state signal sources.

22. A gamma camera head according to claim 1 wherein the signal sources are associated with at least one normally insulating crystal (20) in which free charge is produced when a gamma ray is absorbed therein.

23. A gamma camera head according to claim 22 wherein the signal sources comprise a matrix of conductive elements (14) on the crystal which collect the free charge.

24. A gamma camera head according to claim 22 wherein the at least one crystal comprises a mosaic of such crystals.

25. A gamma camera head comprising:

a matrix of signal sources, each associated with a pixel position and grouped into a plurality of geometrically similar groups, each group having a plurality of contiguous pixel elements; and

a plurality of electronic circuits, each of which receives signals from one pixel element within each of a plurality of groups, each said pixel element having a similar geometric position within its respective group.

26. A gamma camera head according to claim 25 wherein each signal source produces a signal when a gamma ray absorption event occurs at or sufficiently close to its associated pixel position.

27. A gamma camera head according to claim 25 wherein each electronic circuit also produces at least one group indication signal indicating in which group of, pixels the source produced signal was generated.

28. A gamma camera head according to claim 27 and including additional circuitry that receives group indications from said plurality of circuits and determines the location of an event that produced the source produced signals, responsive to the group indications.

29. A gamma camera head according to claim 28 wherein the additional circuitry determines the location of an event responsive to an identification the circuit or circuits of the plurality of circuits that received said source produced signals.

30. A gamma camera head according to claim 25 wherein each electronic circuit also produces at least one signal (H) indicating that an event has occurred, the event indicating signal preceding an energy signal produce by it in time.

31. A gamma camera head according to claim 25, wherein each group comprises four pixel elements.

32. A gamma camera head according to claim 25 wherein each group comprises nine pixel elements.

33. A gamma camera head according to claim 25, wherein each pixel group comprises two pixel elements.

34. A gamma camera head according to claim 25, wherein said sources transmit said signals to said plurality of circuits independent of any interrogating signal to the sources.

35. A gamma camera head according to claim 25, wherein said sources are each associated with an array of contiguous areas on the camera, such that said source produced signals represent events which occur at or near the associated area and wherein said plurality of circuits identifies events which generate signals in sources associated with two neighboring areas.

36. A gamma camera according to claim 25, wherein the signal sources are solid state signal sources.

37. A gamma camera head according to claim 25 wherein the signal sources are associated with at least one normally insulating crystal (20) in which free charge is produced when a gamma ray is absorbed therein.