Auto focus system for a SLM based image display system

• US 6,246,446 B1
• Filed: 06/10/1997
• Issued: 06/12/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Texas Instruments, Inc.
• Inventors: Vorgert, James, Heimbuch, Scott
• Primary Examiner(s): Luu, Matthew
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sajous, Wesner
• Application Number:
  US08/872,634
• Time in Patent Office: 1,463 Days
• Field of Search: 348/744, 348/745, 348/746, 348/747, 348/750, 348/345, 348/346, 348/347, 348/348, 348/349, 348/350, 348/351, 348/352, 348/353, 348/354, 348/355, 348/356, 348/357, 348/742, 348/771, 348/739, 348/781, 348/791, 348/755, 348/770, 348/268, 348/749, 359/205, 359/215, 359/224, 359/230, 359/443
• US Class Current: 348/750
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 26/0841 the reflecting element being moved or deformed by electrostatic means
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 7/36 using image sharpness techniques , e.g. image processing techniques for generating autofocus signals image data processing per se G06T; in cameras having a solid state image sensor H04N23/67
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 17/045 Self-contained testing apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/317 Convergence or focusing systems electronic adjustment of convergence H04N9/3185; convergence or focusing arrangements for cathode ray tubes H04N9/28; means for automatic focusing of projectors not peculiar to the presence of an electronic spatial light modulator G03B21/53
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3176 wherein the projection device is incorporated in a camera details of cameras adapted for combination with a projector not peculiar to the presence of an electronic spatial light modulator G03B17/54
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3194 including sensor feedback

Abstract

An image display system (10) having an auto-focus system (24). An image sensor (20) such as a CCD camera, senses the sharpness of pixels (26) comprising a portion of the image at a screen (16), preferably a magnified portion of the image. A sensor data processor (22) processes the pixel data from the sensor (20), and instructs the auto focus system (24) to adjust an optical parameter such as the focal length of a projector lens (14) as a function of the sensor (20) output. A DMD-type SLM is preferably utilized due to the uniform geometric features of the pixel mirrors, but other SLM'"'"'s can be used. The sharpness or contrast between an “on” and an “off” pixel is sensed, and preferably a 10×10 array of pixels arranged in a checker board pattern is sensed.

Claims

1. An image display system, comprising:

a light source generating light;

a spatial light modulator modulating said light to form an image comprised of pixels;

a display image plane;

an optical system focusing said image on said image plane;

a sensor sensing a focus of at least one said pixel projected on said image plane and providing a sensor output indicative thereof, said sensor output being a function of sensed sharpness of multiple said pixels projected on said image plane, and said sensed pixels have a high contrast in intensity from an “

on”

pixel to an “

off”

pixel; and

adjustment means for altering a parameter of said optical system a function of said sensor output.

2. The image display system as specified in claim 1 wherein said optical system comprises a projector lens, wherein said adjusted parameter is a focal length of said projector lens.

3. The image display system as specified in claim 1 wherein said sensor provides said sensor output as a function of sensed sharpness of multiple said pixels projected on said image plane.

4. The image display system as specified in claim 3 wherein said sensed pixels comprise a regular geometric pattern.

5. The image display system as specified in claim 3 wherein said sensed pixels comprise a checker board pattern.

6. The image display system as specified in claim 1 wherein said sensor comprises a CCD camera.

7. The image display system as specified in claim 1 wherein said adjustment means comprised a servo mechanism.

8. The image display system as specified in claim 1 wherein said spatial light modulator comprises a DMD.

9. A method of focusing a display system including a light source generating light, a spatial light modulator (SLM) modulating the light, and an optical system comprising a projection lens focusing the modulated light on a display image plane, comprising the steps of;

a) illuminating the SLM with the light to define an image comprised of pixels at the display image plane;

b) sensing a sharpness of at least one pixel of the image at the display image plane, said sensing is performed from adjacent the projection lens, said sensing performed by sensing a transition between an “

on”

pixel and an “

off”

pixel; and

c) adjusting an optical parameter of the optical system as a function of the sensed pixel sharpness.

10. The method as specified in claim 9 wherein said optical system comprises a projection lens, wherein said adjusting step comprises adjusting the focal length of the projection lens.

11. The method as specified in claim 9 including the step of sensing the sharpness of several pixels.

12. The method as specified in claim 9 comprising the step of using the SLM having micromechanical pixel-members each having a uniform geometry, whereby the pixels have corresponding said geometry.

13. The method as specified in claim 10 wherein step b) is performed by sensing the pixels through the projection lens.

14. The method as specified in claim 9 wherein the SLM is a DMD.

15. A method of focusing a display system including a light source generating light, a spatial light modulator (SLM) modulating the light, and an optical system focusing the modulated light on a display image plane, comprising the steps of;

a) illuminating the SLM with the light to define an image comprised of pixels at the display image plane;

b) sensing a sharpness of at least one pixel of the image at the display image plane, by sensing a transition between an “

on”

pixel and an “

off”

pixel; and

c) adjusting an optical parameter of the optical system as a function of the sensed pixel sharpness.

16. The method as specified in claim 15 wherein said optical system comprises a projection lens, wherein said adjusting step comprises adjusting the focal length of the projection lens.

17. The method as specified in claim 15 including the step of sensing the sharpness of several pixels.

18. The method as specified in claim 15 comprising the step of using the SLM having micromechanical pixel-members each having a uniform geometry, whereby the pixels have corresponding said geometry.

19. The method as specified in claim 15 wherein the SLM is a DMD.

20. The method as specified in claim 16 wherein step b) is performed by sensing the pixels through the projection lens.

21. The method as specified in claim 16 wherein step b) is performed by sensing the pixels from adjacent the projection lens.

22. A method of focusing a display system including a light source generating light, a spatial light modulator (SLM) modulating the light, and an optical system focusing the modulated light on a display image plane, comprising the steps of;

a) illuminating the SLM with the light to define an image comprised of pixels at the display image plane, wherein said SLM is a micromechanical device having deflectable pixel-members with gaps defined therebetween;

b) sensing the sharpness of a portion of the image corresponding to the gaps between the pixel-members; and

c) adjusting an optical parameter of the optical system as a function of the sensed pixel sharpness.

23. The method as specified in claim 22 wherein said optical system comprises a projection lens, wherein said adjusting step comprises adjusting the focal length of the projection lens.

24. The method as specified in claim 22 including the step of sensing the sharpness of several pixels.

25. The method as specified in claim 22 comprising the step of using the SLM having micromechanical pixel-members each having a uniform geometry, whereby the pixels have corresponding said geometry.

26. The method as specified in claim 22 wherein step b) is performed by sensing a transition between an “

on”

pixel and an “

off”

pixel.

27. The method as specified in claim 22 wherein the SLM is a micromechanical device having deflectable pixel-members with gaps defined therebetween, whereby step b) is performed by sensing a portion of the image corresponding the gaps between the pixel-members.

28. The method as specified in claim 22 wherein the SLM is a DMD.

29. The method as specified in claim 23 wherein step b) is performed by sensing the pixels through the projection lens.

30. The method as specified in claim 23 wherein step b) is performed by sensing the pixels from adjacent the projection lens.

31. A method of focusing a display system including a light source generating light, a micromechanical spatial light modulator (SLM) modulating the light, and an optical system comprising a projection lens focusing the modulated light on a display image plane, comprising the steps of;

a) illuminating the SLM with the light to define an image comprised of pixels at the display image plane;

b) sensing, from adjacent the projection lens, a sharpness of at least one pixel of the image at the display image plane by sensing a portion of the image corresponding to gaps between deflectable pixel members; and

c) adjusting an optical parameter of the optical system as a function of the sensed pixel sharpness.

32. The method as specified in claim 31 wherein said optical system comprises a projection lens, wherein said adjusting step comprises adjusting the focal length of the projection lens.

33. The method as specified in claim 31 including the step of sensing the sharpness of several pixels.

34. The method as specified in claim 31 comprising the step of using the SLM having micromechanical pixel-members each having a uniform geometry, whereby the pixels have corresponding said geometry.

35. The method as specified in claim 32 wherein step b) is performed by sensing the pixels through the projection lens.

36. The method as specified in claim 31 wherein the SLM is a DMD.