Solid carriers for improved delivery of active ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions

• US 6,248,363 B1
• Filed: 11/23/1999
• Issued: 06/19/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/23/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Spriaso, LLC
• Original Assignee: Lipocine Inc.
• Inventors: Chen, Feng-Jing, Patel, Mahesh V.
• Primary Examiner(s): Spear, James M.
• Application Number:
  US09/447,690
• Time in Patent Office: 574 Days
• Field of Search: 424/422, 424/433, 424/436, 424/435, 424/440, 424/451, 424/452, 424/464, 424/465, 424/482, 424/489, 424/490, 424/480, 424/463, 424/470, 424/497, 424/498, 424/476, 424/427, 424/430, 424/434, 424/441, 424/466, 424/474
• US Class Current: 424/497
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/352 condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline cannabinoids A61K31/658
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/4709 Non-condensed quinolines and containing further heterocyclic rings
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/496 Non-condensed piperazines containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. rifampin, thiothixene or sparfloxacin
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/5383 ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/5513 1,4-Benzodiazepines, e.g. diazepam or clozapine
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/568 substituted in positions 10 and 13 by a chain having at least one carbon atom, e.g. androstanes, e.g. testosterone
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 31/7048 having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin , digitoxin or digoxin
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/10 Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/14 Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/1617 Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/1676 having a drug-free core with discrete complete coating layer containing drug adsorbates of liquid drug formulations on inert powders without simultaneous granulation step A61K9/141; with further drug-free outer coating A61K9/5078; drug conjugated to non-active particles A61K47/6921
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/4858 Organic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5015 Organic compounds, e.g. fats, sugars
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5026 obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5078 with drug-free core
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/5084 Mixtures of one or more drugs in different galenical forms, at least one of which being granules, microcapsules or (coated) microparticles according to A61K9/16 or A61K9/50, e.g. for obtaining a specific release pattern or for combining different drugs tablets containing such a mixture A61K9/2077
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 1/04 for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 13/08 of the prostate
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 15/10 for impotence
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 17/12 Keratolytics, e.g. wart or anti-corn preparations
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 19/06 : Antigout agents, e.g. antihyperuricemic or uricosuric agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 19/10 : for osteoporosis
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 21/02 : Muscle relaxants, e.g. for tetanus or cramps
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/04 : Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/06 : Antimigraine agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/08 : Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/16 : Anti-Parkinson drugs
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/20 : Hypnotics; Sedatives
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/22 : Anxiolytics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/26 : Psychostimulants, e.g. nicotine, cocaine
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 25/28 : for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 29/00 : Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 3/04 : Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 3/06 : Antihyperlipidemics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 3/10 : for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 31/04 : Antibacterial agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 31/10 : Antimycotics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 31/12 : Antivirals
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 33/06 : Antimalarials
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 33/10 : Anthelmintics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 35/00 : Antineoplastic agents
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 37/06 : Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 43/00 : Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 5/16 : for decreasing, blocking or antagonising the activity of the thyroid hormones
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 5/24 : of the sex hormones
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 5/40 : Mineralocorticosteroids, e.g. aldosterone; Drugs increasing or potentiating the activity of mineralocorticosteroids
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 7/02 : Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 7/10 : Antioedematous agents; Diuretics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 9/04 : Inotropic agents, i.e. stimulants of cardiac contraction; Drugs for heart failure
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 9/06 : Antiarrhythmics
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 9/10 : for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• CPC Class Codes: A61P 9/12 : Antihypertensives
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 5/00 : Nanobiotechnology or nanomedicine, e.g. protein engineering or drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/30 : Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/906 : Drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/927 : Diagnostic contrast agent

Abstract

The present invention provides solid pharmaceutical compositions for improved delivery of a wide variety of pharmaceutical active ingredients contained therein or separately administered. In one embodiment, the solid pharmaceutical composition includes a solid carrier, the solid carrier including a substrate and an encapsulation coat on the substrate. The encapsulation coat can include different combinations of pharmaceutical active ingredients, hydrophilic surfactant, lipophilic surfactants and triglycerides. In another embodiment, the solid pharmaceutical composition includes a solid carrier, the solid carrier being formed of different combinations of pharmaceutical active ingredients, hydrophilic surfactants, lipophilic surfactants and triglycerides. The compositions of the present invention can be used for improved delivery of hydrophilic or hydrophobic pharmaceutical active ingredients, such as drugs, nutrionals, cosmeceuticals and diagnostic agents.

Claims

1. A pharmaceutical composition in the form of a solid carrier comprising a substrate and an encapsulation coat on the substrate, wherein the encapsulation coat comprises an admixture of a therapeutically effective amount of a hydrophilic pharmaceutical active ingredient, an effective solubilizing amount of at least one hydrophilic surfactant, and a lipophilic additive selected from the group consisting of lipophilic surfactants, triglycerides, and combinations thereof, wherein the effective solubilizing amount of the at least one hydrophilic surfactant is an amount effective to partially or fully solubilize the pharmaceutical active ingredient in the encapsulation coat.

2. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is a drug, a nutrient, a cosmeceutical, a diagnostic agent, a salt thereof, an isomer thereof, a derivative thereof, or a mixture thereof.

3. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of lipophilic additive to the at least one hydrophilic surfactant is in the range of approximately 0.10:

1 to approximately 0.92;

1.

4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the active ingredient represents approximately 1.96 wt. % to 28.57 wt. % of the encapsulation coat.

5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 3, wherein the active ingredient represents approximately 1.96 wt. % to 28.57 wt. % of the encapsulation coat.

9. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic active ingredient has an apparent water solubility of at least about 1 mg/mL.

10. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the active ingredient is a hydrophilic drug, a cytokine, a peptidomimetic, a peptide, a protein, a toxoid, a serum, an antibody, a vaccine, a nucleoside, a nucleotide, a portion of genetic material, a nucleic acid, or a mixture thereof.

11. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, anthelmintics, anti-arrhythmic agents, anti-bacterial agents, anti-viral agents, anti-coagulants, anti-depressants, anti-diabetics, anti-epileptics, anti-fungal agents, anti-gout agents, anti-hypertensive agents, anti-malarials, anti-migraine agents, anti-muscarinic agents, anti-neoplastic agents, erectile dysfunction improvement agents, immunosuppressants, anti-protozoal agents, anti-thyroid agents, anxiolytic agents, sedatives, hypnotics, neuroleptics, β

-Blockers, cardiac inotropic agents, corticosteroids, diuretics, anti-parkinsonian agents, gastro-intestinal agents, histamine receptor antagonists, keratolytics, lipid regulating agents, anti-anginal agents, cox-2-inhibitors, leukotriene inhibitors, macrolides, muscle relaxants, nutritional agents, opioid analgesics, protease inhibitors, sex hormones, stimulants, muscle relaxants, anti-osteoporosis agents anti-obesity agents, cognition enhancers, anti-urinary incontinence agents, nutritional oils, anti-benign prostate hypertrophy agents, essential fatty acids, non-essential fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.

12. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of acarbose;

acyclovir;

acetyl cysteine;

acetylcholine chloride;

alatrofloxacin;

alendronate;

alglucerase;

amantadine hydrochloride;

ambenomium;

amifostine;

amiloride hydrochloride;

aminocaproic acid;

amphotericin B;

antihemophilic factor (human);

antihemophilic factor (porcine);

antihemophilic factor (recombinant);

aprotinin;

asparaginase;

atenolol;

atracurium besylate;

atropine;

azithromycin;

aztreonam;

BCG vaccine;

bacitracin;

becalermin;

belladona;

bepridil hydrochloride;

bleomycin sulfate;

calcitonin human;

calcitonin salmon;

carboplatin;

capecitabine;

capreomycin sulfate;

cefamandole nafate;

cefazolin sodium;

cefepime hydrochloride;

cefixime;

cefonicid sodium;

cefoperazone;

cefotetan disodium;

cefotoxime;

cefoxitin sodium;

ceftizoxime;

ceftriaxone;

cefuroxime axetil;

cephalexin;

cephapirin sodium;

cholera vaccine;

chrionic gonadotropin;

cidofovir;

cisplatin;

cladribine;

clidinium bromide;

clindamycin and clindamycin derivatives;

ciprofloxacin;

clondronate;

colistimethate sodium;

colistin sulfate;

cortocotropin;

cosyntropin;

cromalyn sodium;

cytarabine;

daltaperin sodium;

danaproid;

deforoxamine;

denileukin diftitox;

desmopressin;

diatrizoate megluamine and diatrizoate sodium;

dicyclomine;

didanosine;

dirithromycin;

dopamine hydrochloride;

dornase alpha;

doxacurium chloride;

doxorubicin;

editronate disodium;

elanaprilat;

enkephalin;

enoxacin;

enoxaprin sodium;

ephedrine;

epinephrine;

epoetin alpha;

erythromycin;

esmol hydrochloride;

factor IX;

famiciclovir;

fludarabine;

fluoxetine;

foscarnet sodium;

ganciclovir;

granulocyte colony stimulating factor;

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor;

growth hormones-recombinant human;

growth hormone-bovine;

gentamycin;

glucagon;

glycopyrolate;

gonadotropin releasing hormone and synthetic analogs thereof;

GnRH;

gonadorelin;

grepafloxacin;

hemophilus B conjugate vaccine;

Hepatitis A virus vaccine inactivated;

Hepatitis B virus vaccine inactivated;

heparin sodium;

indinavir sulfate;

influenza virus vaccine;

interleukin-2;

interleukin-3;

insulin-human;

insulin lispro;

insulin procine;

insulin NPH;

insulin aspart;

insulin glargine;

insulin detemir;

interferon alpha;

interferon beta;

ipratropium bromide;

isofosfamide;

japanese encephalitis virus vaccine;

lamivudine;

leucovorin calcium;

leuprolide acetate;

levofloxacin;

lincomycin and lincomycin derivatives;

lobucavir;

lomefloxacin;

loracarbef;

mannitol;

measles virus vaccine;

meningococcal vaccine;

menotropins;

mephenzolate bromide;

mesalmine;

methanamine;

methotrexate;

methscopolamine;

metformin hydrochloride;

metroprolol;

mezocillin sodium;

mivacurium chloride;

mumps viral vaccine;

nedocromil sodium;

neostigmine bromide;

neostigmine methyl sulfate;

neutontin;

norfloxacin;

octreotide acetate;

ofloxacin;

olpadronate;

oxytocin;

pamidronate disodium;

pancuronium bromide;

paroxetine;

pefloxacin;

pentamindine isethionate;

pentostatin;

pentoxifylline;

periciclovir;

pentagastrin;

phentolamine mesylate;

phenylalanine;

physostigmine salicylate;

plague vaccine;

piperacillin sodium;

platelet derived growth factor-human;

pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent;

poliovirus vaccine inactivated;

poliovirus vaccine live (OPV);

polymixin B sulfate;

pralidoxine chloride;

pramlintide;

pregabalin;

propofenone;

propenthaline bromide;

pyridostigmine bromide;

rabies vaccine;

residronate;

ribavarin;

rimantadine hydrochloride;

rotavirus vaccine;

salmetrol xinafoate;

sincalide;

small pox vaccine;

solatol;

somatostatin;

sparfloxacin;

spectinomycin;

stavudine;

streptokinase;

streptozocin;

suxamethonium chloride;

tacrine hydrochloride;

terbutaline sulfate;

thiopeta;

ticarcillin;

tiludronate;

timolol;

tissue type plasminogen activator;

TNFR;

Fc;

TNK-tPA;

trandolapril;

trimetrexate gluconate;

trospectinomycin;

trovafloxacin;

tubocurarine chloride;

tumor necrosis factor;

typhoid vaccine live;

urea;

urokinase;

vancomycin;

valaciclovir;

valsartan;

varicella virus vaccine live;

vasopressin and vasopressin derivatives;

vecoronium bromide;

vinblastin;

vincristine;

vinorelbine;

vitamin B12;

warfarin sodium;

yellow fever vaccine;

zalcitabine;

zanamavir;

zolandronate;

zidovudine;

pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers and derivatives thereof; and

mixtures thereof.

13. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of acarbose;

acyclovir;

atracurium besylate;

alendronate;

alglucerase;

amantadine hydrochloride;

amphotericin B;

antihemophilic factor (human);

antihemophilic factor (porcine);

antihemophilic factor (recombinant;

azithromycin;

calcitonin human;

calcitonin salmon;

capecitabine;

cefazolin sodium;

cefonicid sodium;

cefoperazone;

cefoxitin sodium;

ceftizoxime;

ceftriaxone;

cefuroxime axetil;

cephalexin;

chrionic gonadotropin;

cidofovir;

cladribine;

clindamycin and clindamycin derivatives;

cortocotropin;

cosyntropin;

cromalyn sodium;

cytarabine;

daltaperin sodium;

danaproid;

desmopressin;

didanosine;

dirithromycin;

editronate disodium;

enoxaprin sodium;

epoetin alpha;

factor IX;

famiciclovir;

fludarabine;

foscarnet sodium;

ganciclovir;

granulocyte colony stimulating factor;

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor;

growth hormones-recombinant human;

growth hormone-Bovine;

gentamycin;

glucagon;

gonadotropin releasing hormone and synthetic analogs thereof;

GnRH;

gonadorelin;

hemophilus B conjugate vaccine;

Hepatitis A virus vaccine inactivated;

Hepatitis B virus vaccine inactivated;

heparin sodium;

indinavir sulfate;

influenza virus vaccine;

interleukin-2;

interleukin-3;

insulin-human;

insulin lispro;

insulin procine;

insulin NPH;

insulin aspart;

insulin glargine;

insuline detemir;

interferon alpha;

interferon beta;

ipratropium bromide;

isofosfamide;

lamivudine;

leucovorin calcium;

leuprolide acetate;

lincomycin and lincomycin derivatives;

metformin hydrochloride;

nedocromil sodium;

neostigmine bromide;

neostigmine methyl sulfate;

neutontin;

octreotide acetate;

olpadronate;

pamidronate disodium;

pancuronium bromide;

pentamindine isethionate;

pentagastrin;

physostigmine salicylate;

poliovirus vaccine live (OPV);

pyridostigmine bromide;

residronate;

ribavarin;

rimantadine hydrochloride;

rotavirus vaccine;

salmetrol xinafoate;

somatostatin;

spectinomycin;

stavudine;

streptokinase;

ticarcillin;

tiludronate;

tissue type plasminogen activator;

TNFR;

Fc;

TNK-tPA;

trimetrexate gluconate;

trospectinomycin;

tumor necrosis factor;

typhoid vaccine live;

urokinase;

vancomycin;

valaciclovir;

vasopressin and vasopressin derivatives;

vinblastin;

vincristine;

vinorelbine;

warfarin sodium;

zalcitabine;

zanamavir;

zidovudine;

pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers and derivatives thereof; and

mixtures thereof.

14. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 9, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of acarbose;

alendronate;

amantadine hydrochloride;

azithromycin;

calcitonin human;

calcitonin salmon;

ceftriaxone;

cefuiroxime axetil;

chrionic gonadotropin;

cromalyn sodium;

daltaperin sodium;

danaproid;

desmopressin;

didanosine;

editronate disodium;

enoxaprin sodium;

epoetin alpha;

factor IX;

famiciclovir;

foscamet sodium;

ganciclovir;

granulocyte colony stimulating factor;

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor;

growth hormones-recombinant human;

growth hormone-Bovine;

glucagon;

gonadotropin releasing hormone and synthetic analogs thereof;

GnRH;

gonadorelin;

heparin sodium;

indinavir sulfate;

influenza virus vaccine;

interleukin-2;

interleukin-3;

insulin-human;

insulin lispro;

insulin procine interferon alpha;

interferon beta;

leuprolide acetate;

metformin hydrochloride;

nedocromil sodium;

neostigmine bromide;

neostigmine methyl sulfate;

neutontin;

octreotide acetate;

olpadronate;

pamidronate disodium;

residronate;

rimantadine hydrochloride;

salmetrol xinafoate;

somatostatin;

stavudine;

ticarcillin;

tiludronate;

tissue type plasminogen activator;

TNFR;

Fc;

TNK-tPA;

tumor necrosis factor;

typhoid vaccine live;

vancomycin;

valaciclovir;

vasopressin and vasopressin derivatives;

zalcitabine;

zanamavir;

zidovudine;

pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers and derivatives thereof; and

mixtures thereof.

15. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one hydrophilic surfactant comprises a non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value of at least about 10.

16. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 15, wherein the non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkylglucosides;

alkylmaltosides;

alkylthioglucosides;

lauryl macrogolglycerides;

polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers;

polyoxyethylene alkylphenols;

polyethylene glycol fatty acids esters;

polyethylene glycol glycerol fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers;

polyglycerol fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene glycerides;

polyoxyethylene sterols, derivatives, and analogues thereof;

polyoxyethylene vegetable oils;

polyoxyethylene hydrogenated vegetable oils;

reaction mixtures of polyols and at least one member of the group consisting of fatty acids, glycerides, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, and sterols;

tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinates;

sugar esters;

sugar ethers;

sucroglycerides; and

mixtures thereof.

17. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one hydrophilic surfactant comprises an ionic surfactant.

18. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 17, wherein the ionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl ammonium salts;

bile acids and salts, analogues, and derivatives thereof;

fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, carnitines, oligopeptides, and polypeptides;

glyceride derivatives of amino acids, oligopeptides, and polypeptides;

acyl lactylates;

mono-,diacetylated tartaric acid esters of mono-,diglycerides;

succinylated monoglycerides;

citric acid esters of mono-,diglycerides;

alginate salts;

propylene glycol alginate;

lecithins and hydrogenated lecithins;

lysolecithin and hydrogenated lysolecithins;

lysophospholipids and derivatives thereof;

phospholipids and derivatives thereof;

salts of alkylsulfates;

salts of fatty acids;

sodium docusate; and

mixtures thereof.

19. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a powder or a multiparticulate.

20. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the substrate is an additive, an active ingredient or a mixture thereof.

21. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 20, wherein the substrate is an additive selected from the group consisting of a solubilizer, an enzyme inhibitor, an anti-adherent, an anticoagulant, an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, a binder, a bufferant, a chelating agent, a coagulant, colorants or opaquants, a coolant, a cryoprotectants, a diluent or filler, a disintegrant or super disintegrant, a hydrogen bonding agent, a flavorant or desensitizer, an ion-exchange resin, a plasticizer, a preservative, a solvent, a sweetner, a thickener, mixtures thereof.

22. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 19, wherein the substrate is a multiparticulate selected from the group consisting of a granule, a pellet, a bead, a spherule, a beadlet, a microcapsule, a millisphere, a nonocapsule, a nonosphere, a microsphere, a platelet, a tablet and a capsule.

23. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the solid carrier is a bead, a beadlet, a granule, a spherule, a pellet, a microcapsule, a microsphere, a nanosphere, a film, a wafer, a sprinkle, an implant, a troche, a lozenge, a platelet, a nanocapsule or a strip.

24. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the lipophilic additive is selected from the group consisting of lipophilic surfactants.

25. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 24, wherein the lipophilic additive is selected from the group consisting of alcohols;

polyoxyethylene alkylethers;

fatty acids;

bile acids;

glycerol fatty acid esters;

acetylated glycerol fatty acid esters;

lower alcohol fatty acids esters;

polyethylene glycol fatty acids esters;

polyethylene glycol glycerol fatty acid esters;

polypropylene glycol fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene glycerides;

lactic acid derivatives of mono/diglycerides;

propylene glycol diglycerides;

sorbitan fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers;

transesterified vegetable oils;

sterols;

sterol derivatives;

sugar esters;

sugar ethers;

sucroglycerides;

polyoxyethylene vegetable oils;

polyoxyethylene hydrogenated vegetable oils;

reaction mixtures of polyols and at least one member of the group consisting of fatty acids, glycerides, vegetable oils, hydrogentated vegetable oils, and sterols; and

mixtures thereof.

26. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the lipophilic additive is a triglyceride selected from the group consisiting of vegetable oils, fish oils, animal fats, hydrogenated vegetable oils, partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, synthetic triglycerides, modified triglycerides, fractionated triglycerides, and mixtures thereof.

27. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the solid carrier is enteric coated, coated for fast disintegration, seal coated, film coated, barrier coated compress coated, or coated with and enzyme-degradable coating.

28. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is encapsulated, extruded, compressed, pelletized, coated, mixed granulated, crystallized, lyophilized or molded.

29. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1 in the form of a capsule, a table, an ovule, a suppository, a water, a chewable tablet a buccal tablet, a sublingual tablet, a quick-dissolved tablet, an effervescent tablet, a granule, a pellet, a bead, a pill, a sachet, a sprinkle, a film, a dry syrup, a reconstitutable solid, a suspension, a lozenge, a troche, an implant, a powder, a triturate, a platelet, or a strip.

30. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated for immediate release, pulsatile release, controlled release, extended release, delayed release, targeted release, or targeted delayed release.

31. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is formulated for oral, nasal, ocular urethral, buccal, transmucosal, vaginal, topical or rectal delivery.

32. A method of administering an active ingredient to a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal a dosage from of the pharmaceutical composition of claim 1.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the mammal is a human.

34. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 1, wherein the active ingredient is a drug, a nutrient, a cosmeceutical, a diagnostic agent, a salt thereof, an isomer therof, a derivative therof, or a mixture thereof.

6. A pharmaceutical composition in the form of a solid carrier comprising an admixture of a hydrophilic pharmaceutical active ingredient, an effective solubilizing amount of at least one hydrophilic surfactant, and a lipophilic additive selected from the group consisting of lipophilic surfactants, triglycerides, and combinations thereof, wherein the effective solubilizing amount of the at least one hydrophilic surfactant is an amount effective to partially or fully solubilize the pharmaceutical active ingredient in the solid carrier.

7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the weight ration of lipophilic additive to the at least one hydrophilic surfactant is in the range of approximately 0.10:

1 to approximately 0.92;

1.

8. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the active ingredient represents approximately 4.6 wt. % to 50.0 wt. % of the solid carrier.

35. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the hydrophilic active ingredient has an apparent water solubility of at least about 1 mg/mL.

36. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the active ingredient is a hydrophilic drug, a cytokine, a peptidomimetic, a peptide, a protein, a toxoid, a serum, an antibody, a vaccine, a nucleoside, a nucleotide, a portion of genetic material, a nucleic acid, or a mixture thereof.

37. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the active ingredient is selected form the group consisting of analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents, anthelmintics, anti-arrhythmic agents, anti-bacterial agents, anti-viral agents, anti-coagulants, anti-depressants, anti-diabetics, anti-epileptics, anti-fungal agents, anti-gout agents, anti-hypertensive agents, anti-malarials, anti-migraine agents, anti-muscarinic agents, anti-neoplastic agents, erectile dysfunction improvement agents, immunosuppressants, anti-protozoal agents, anti-thyroid agents, anxiolytic agents, sedatives, hypnotics, neuroleptics, β

-Blockers, cardiac inotropic agents, corticosteroids, diuretics, anti-parkinsonian agents, gastro-intestinal agents, histamine receptor antagonists, keratolytics, lipid regulating agents, anti-anginal agents, cox-2 inhibitors, leucotriene inhibitors, macrolides, muscle relaxants, nutritional agents, opioid analgesics, protease inhibitors, sex hormones, stimulants, muscle relaxants, anti-osteoporosis agents, anti-obesity agents, cognition enhancers, anti-urinary incontinence agents, nutritional oils, anti-benign prostate hypertrophy agents, essential fatty acids, non-essential fatty acids, and mixtures thereof.

38. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35 wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of acarbose;

acyclovir;

acetyl cysteine;

acetylcholine chloride;

alatrofloxacin;

alendronate;

alglucerase;

amantadine hydrochloride;

ambenomium;

amifostine;

amiloride hydrochloride;

aminocaproic acid;

amphotericin B;

antihemophilic, factor (human);

antihemophilic factor (porcine);

antihemophilic factor (recombinant);

aprotinin;

asparaginase;

atenolol;

atracurium besylate;

atropine;

azithromycin;

aztreonam;

BCG vaccine;

bacitracin;

becalermin;

belladona;

bepridil hydrochloride;

bleomycin sulfate;

calcitonin human;

calcitonin salmon;

carboplatin;

capecitabine;

capreomycin sulfate;

cefamandole nafate;

cefazolin sodium;

cefepime hydrochloride;

cefixime;

cefonicid sodium;

cefoperazone;

cefotetan disodium;

cefotoxime;

cefoxitin sodium;

ceftizoxime;

ceftriaxone;

cefuroxime axetil;

cephalexin;

cephapirin sodium;

cholera vaccine;

chrionic gonadotropin;

cidofovir;

cisplatin;

cladribine;

clidinium bromide;

clindamycin and clindamycin derivatives;

ciprofloxacin;

clondronate;

colistimethate sodium;

colistin sulfate;

cortocotropin;

cosyntropin;

cromalyn sodium;

cytarabine;

daltaperin sodium;

danaproid;

deforoxamine;

denileukin diftitox;

desmopressin;

diatrizoate megluamine and diatrizoate sodium;

dicyclomine;

didanosine;

dirithromycin;

dopamine hydrochloride;

dornase alpha;

doxacurium chloride;

doxorubicin;

editronate disodium;

elanaprilat;

enkephalin;

enoxacin;

enoxaprin sodium;

ephedrine;

epinephrine;

epoetin alpha;

erythromycin;

esmol hydrochloride;

factor IX;

famiciclovir;

fludarabine;

fluoxetine;

foscarnet sodium;

ganciclovir;

granulocyte colony stimulating factor;

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor;

growth hormones-recombinant human;

growth hormone-bovine;

gentamycin;

glucagon;

glycopyrolate;

gonadotropin releasing hormone and synthetic analogs thereof;

GnRH;

gonadorelin;

grepafloxacin;

hemophilus B conjugate vaccine;

Hepatitis A virus vaccine inactivated;

Hepatitis B virus vaccine inactivated;

heparin sodium;

indinavir sulfate;

influenza virus vaccine;

interleukin-2;

interleukin-3;

insulin-human;

insulin lispro;

insulin procine;

insulin NPH;

insulin aspart;

insulin glargine;

insulin detemir;

interferon alpha;

interferon beta;

ipratropium bromide;

isofosfamide;

japanese encephalitis virus vaccine;

lamivudine;

leucovorin calcium;

leuprolide acetate;

levofloxacin;

lincomycin and lincomycin derivatives;

lobucavir;

lomefloxacin;

loracarbef;

mannitol;

measles virus vaccine;

meningococcal vaccine;

menotropins;

mephenzolate bromide;

mesalmine;

methanamine;

methotrexate;

methscopolamine;

metformin hydrochloride;

metroprolol;

mezocillin sodium;

mivacurium chloride;

mumps viral vaccine;

nedocromil sodium;

neostigmine bromide;

neostigmine methyl sulfate;

neutontin;

norfloxacin;

octreotide acetate;

ofloxacin;

olpadronate;

oxytocin;

pamidronate disodium;

pancuronium bromide;

paroxetine;

pefloxacin;

pentamindine isethionate;

pentostatin;

pentoxifylline;

periciclovir;

pentagastrin;

phentolamine mesylate;

phenylalanine;

physostigmine salicylate;

plague vaccine;

piperacillin sodium;

platelet derived growth factor-human;

pneumococcal vaccine polyvalent;

poliovirus vaccine inactivated;

poliovirus vaccine live (OPV);

polymixin B sulfate;

pralidoxine chloride;

pramlintide;

pregabalin;

propofenone;

propenthaline bromide;

pyridostigmine bromide;

rabies vaccine;

residronate;

ribavarin;

rimantadine hydrochloride;

rotavirus vaccine;

salmetrol xinafoate;

sincalide;

small pox vaccine;

solatol;

somatostatin;

sparfloxacin;

spectinomycin;

stavudine;

streptokinase;

streptozocin;

suxamethonium chloride;

tacrine hydrochloride;

terbutaline sulfate;

thiopeta;

ticarcillin;

tiludronate;

timolol;

tissue type plasminogen activator;

TNFR;

Fc;

TNK-tPA;

trandolapril;

trimetrexate gluconate;

trospectinomycin;

trovafloxacin;

tubocurarine chloride;

tumor necrosis factor;

typhoid vaccine live;

urea;

urokinase;

vancomycin;

valaciclovir;

valsartan;

varicella virus vaccine live;

vasopressin and vasopressin derivatives;

vecoronium bromide;

vinblastin;

vincristine;

vinorelbine;

vitamin B12;

warfarin sodium;

yellow fever vaccine;

zalcitabine;

zanamavir;

zolandronate;

zidovudine;

pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers and derivatives thereof; and

mixtures thereof.

39. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of acarbose;

acyclovir;

atracurium besylate;

alendronate;

alglucerase;

amantadine hydrochloride;

amphotericin B;

antihemophilic factor (human);

antihemophilic factor (porcine);

antihemophilic factor (recombinant;

azithromycin;

calcitonin human;

calcitonin salmon;

capecitabine;

cefazolin sodium;

cefonicid sodium;

cefoperazone;

cefoxitin sodium;

ceftizoxime;

ceftriaxone;

cefuroxime axetil;

cephalexin;

chrionic gonadotropin;

cidofovir;

cladribine;

clindamycin and clindamycin derivatives;

cortocotropin;

cosyntropin;

cromalyn sodium;

cytarabine;

daltaperin sodium;

danaproid;

desmopressin;

didanosine;

dirithromycin;

editronate disodium;

enoxaprin sodium;

epoetin alpha;

factor IX;

famiciclovir;

fludarabine;

foscarnet sodium;

ganciclovir;

granulocyte colony stimulating factor;

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor;

growth hormones-recombinant human;

growth hormone-Bovine;

gentamycin;

glucagon;

gonadotropin releasing hormone and synthetic analogs thereof;

GnRH;

gonadorelin;

hemophilus B conjugate vaccine;

Hepatitis A virus vaccine inactivated;

Hepatitis B virus vaccine inactivated;

heparin sodium;

indinavir sulfate;

influenza virus vaccine;

interleukin-2;

interleukin-3;

insulin-human;

insulin lispro;

insulin procine;

insulin NPH;

insulin aspart;

insulin glargine;

insulin detemir;

interferon alpha;

interferon beta;

ipratropium bromide;

isofosfamide;

lamivudine;

leucovorin calcium;

leuprolide acetate;

lincomycin and lincomycin derivatives;

metformin hydrochloride;

nedocromil sodium;

neostigmine bromide;

neostigmine methyl sulfate;

neutontin;

octreotide acetate;

olpadronate;

pamidronate disodium;

pancuronium bromide;

pentamindine isethionate;

pentagastrin;

physostigmine salicylate;

poliovirus vaccine live (OPV);

pyridostigmine bromide;

residronate;

ribavarin;

rimantadine hydrochloride;

rotavirus vaccine;

salmetrol xinafoate;

somatostatin;

spectinomycin;

stavudine;

streptokinase;

ticarcillin;

tiludronate;

tissue type plasminogen activator;

TNFR;

Fc;

TNK-tPA;

trimetrexate gluconate;

trospectinomycin;

tumor necrosis factor;

typhoid vaccine live;

urokinase;

vancomycin;

valaciclovir;

vasopressin and vasopressin derivatives;

vinblastin;

vincristine;

vinorelbine;

warfarin sodium;

zalcitabine;

zanamavir;

zidovudine;

pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers and derivatives thereof; and

mixtures thereof.

40. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 35, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of acarbose;

alendronate;

amantadine hydrochloride;

azithromycin;

calcitonin human;

calcitonin salmon;

ceftriaxone;

cefuroxime axetil;

chrionic gonadotropin;

cromalyn sodium;

daltaperin sodium;

danaproid;

desmopressin;

didanosine;

editronate disodium;

enoxaprin sodium;

epoetin alpha;

factor IX;

famiciclovir;

foscarnet sodium;

ganciclovir;

granulocyte colony stimulating factor;

granulocyte-macrophage stimulating factor;

growth hormones-recombinant human;

growth hormone-Bovine;

glucagon;

gonadotropin releasing hormone and synthetic analogs thereof;

GnRH;

gonadorelin;

heparin sodium;

indinavir sulfate;

influenza virus vaccine;

interleukin-2;

interleukin-3;

insulin-human;

insulin lispro;

insulin procine interferon alpha;

interferon beta;

leuprolide acetate;

metformin hydrochloride;

nedocromil sodium;

neostigmine bromide;

neostigmine methyl sulfate;

neutontin;

octreotide acetate;

olpadronate;

pamidronate disodium;

residronate;

rimantadine hydrochloride;

salmetrol xinafoate;

somatostatin;

stavudine;

ticarcillin;

tiludronate;

tissue type plasminogen activator;

TNFR;

Fc;

TNK-tPA;

tumor necrosis factor;

typhoid vaccine live;

vancomycin;

valaciclovir;

vasopressin and vasopressin derivatives;

zalcitabine;

zanamavir;

zidovudine;

pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers and derivatives thereof; and

mixtures thereof.

41. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the at least one hydrophilic surfactant comprises a non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant having an HLB value of at least about 10.

42. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 41, wherein the non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkylglucosides;

alkylmaltosides;

alkylthioglucosides;

lauryl macrogolglycerides;

polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers;

polyoxyethylene alkylphenols;

polyethylene glycol fatty acids esters;

polyethylene glycol glycerol fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers;

polyglycerol fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene glycerides;

polyoxyethylene sterols, derivatives, and analogues thereof;

polyoxyethylene vegetable oils;

polyoxyethylene hydrogenated vegetable oils;

reactioli mixtures of polyols and at least one member of the group consisting of fatty acids, glycerides, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, and sterols;

tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinates;

sugar esters;

sugar ethers;

sucroglycerides; and

mixtures thereof.

43. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the at least one hydrophilic surfactant comprises an ionic surfactant.

44. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 43, wherein the ionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl ammonium salts;

bile acids and salts, analogues, and derivatives thereof;

fatty acid derivatives of amino acids, carnitines, oligopeptides, and polypeptides;

glyceride derivatives of amino acids, oligopeptides, and polypeptides;

acyl lactylates;

mono-,diacetylated tartaric acid esters of mono-,diglycerides;

succinylated monoglycerides;

citric acid esters of mono-,diglycerides;

alginate salts;

propylene glycol alginate;

lecithins and hydrogenated lecithins;

lysolecithin and hydrogenated lysolecithins;

lysophospholipids and derivatives thereof;

phospholipids and derivatives thereof;

salts of alkylsulfates;

salts of fatty acids;

sodium docusate; and

mixtures thereof.

45. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the solid carrier is a bead, a beadlet, a granule, a spherule, a pellet, a microcapsule, a microsphere, a nanosphere, a film, a wafer, a sprinkle, an implant, a troche, a lozenge, a platelet, a nanocapsule or a strip.

46. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, which further comprises a solubilizer, an enzyme inhibitor, an anti-adherent, an anticoagulant, an antifoaming agent, an antioxidant, a binder, a bufferant, a chelating agent, a coagulant, a colorants or opaquants, a coolant, a cryoprotectants, a diluent or filler, a disintegrant or super disintegrant, a hydrogen bonding agent, a flavorant or desensitizer, an ion-exchange resin, a plasticizer, a preservative, a solvent, a sweetner, a thickner, or a mixture thereof.

47. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the lipophilic additive is selected from the group consisting of lipophilic surfactants.

48. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 47, wherein the lipophilic additive is selected from the group consisting of alcohols;

polyoxyethylene alkylethers;

fatty acids;

bile acids;

glycerol fatty acid esters;

acetylated glycerol fatty acid esters;

lower alcohol fatty acids esters;

polyethylene glycol fatty acids esters;

polyethylene glycol glycerol fatty acid esters;

polypropylene glycol fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene glycerides;

lactic acid derivatives of mono/diglycerides;

propylene glycol diglycerides;

sorbitan fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters;

polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymers;

transerterified vegetable oils;

sterols;

sterol derivatives;

sugar esters;

sugar others;

sucroglycerides;

polyoxyethylene vegetable oils;

polyoxyethylene hydrogenated vegetable oils;

reaction mixtures of polyols and at least one member of the group consisting of fatty acids, glycerides, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, and sterols; and

mixtures thereof.

49. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the lipophilic additive is a triglyceride selected from the group consisting of vegetable oils, fish oils, animal fats, hydrogenated vegetable oils, partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, synthetic triglycerides, modified triglycerides, fractionated triglycerides, and mixtures thereof.

50. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the solid carrier is enteric coated, coated for fast disintegration, seal coated, film coated, barrier coated, compress coated, or coated with an enzyme-degradable coating.

51. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the composition is encapsulated, extruded, compressed, pelletized, coated, mixed, granulated, crystallized, lyophilized or molded.

52. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6 in the form of a capsule, a tablet, an ovule, a suppository, a wafer, a chewable tablet, a buccal tablet, a sublingual tablet, a quick-dissolve tablet, an effervescent tablet, a granule, a pellet, a bead, a pill, a sachet, a sprinkle, a film, a dry syrup, a reconstitutable solid, a suspension, a lozenge, a troche, an implant, a powder, a triturate, a platelet, or a strip.

53. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the composition is formulated for immediate release, pulsatile release, controlled release, extended release, delayed release, targeted release, or targeted delayed release.

54. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6, wherein the composition is formulated for oral, nasal, ocular, urethral, buccal, transmucosal, vaginal, topical or rectal delivery.

55. A method of administering an active ingredient to a mammal, the method comprising administering to the mammal a dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition of claim 6.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein the mammal is a human.

57. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 7, wherein the active ingredient represents approximately 4.6 wt. % to 50.0 wt. % of the solid carrier.