Message repeating apparatus and method

• US 6,252,501 B1
• Filed: 12/11/1998
• Issued: 06/26/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 12/11/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Pittway Corporation (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Pittway Corporation (Honeywell International Inc.)
• Inventors: Tice, Lee D., Clow, Robert J., Keeler, Manley S., Howard, Jerry L.
• Primary Examiner(s): POPE, DARYL C
• Application Number:
  US09/210,041
• Time in Patent Office: 928 Days
• Field of Search: 340/506, 340/502, 340/504, 340/508, 340/511, 340/531, 340/533, 340/539
• US Class Current: 340/506
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 25/10 using wireless transmission systems G08B25/009 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 27/00 Alarm systems in which the alarm condition is signalled from a central station to a plurality of substations
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/1809 Selective-repeat protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2001/0093 Point-to-multipoint

Abstract

A multi-processor communication system includes a plurality of processors in bidirectional communication with one another. One processor can transmit a message to an intended recipient. The message can be correctly received by other processors. In the event that the intended processor does not correctly receive the message and transmits a failure indicating message, the other processors, upon detection of the failure will retransmit the message. Ambient condition sensors can be coupled to some of the processors.

Claims

1. A multi-processor communications system wherein the processors can communicate via a medium, the system comprising:

at least one programmed processor wherein the processor includes interface circuitry for transmitting information to the medium to communicate with another processor and for detecting information received from the medium which may be directed to the another processor and wherein the at least one processor includes a plurality of preprogrammed instructions for verifying the integrity of information received from a transmitting unit and wherein the at least one programmed processor rebroadcasts, at least in part, that received information in response to an error indicator being broadcast onto the medium by an intended receiving processor.

2. A system as in claim 1 which includes at least two processors wherein the at least two processors rebroadcast information received with the predetermined degree of integrity in response to an error indicator being broadcast onto the medium by an intended receiving processor.

3. A system as in claim 1 wherein at least one ambient condition sensor is coupled to the processor and wherein the processor includes instructions for receiving information pertaining to the respective ambient condition from the respective sensor.

4. A system as in claim 3 wherein at least some of the sensors are responsive to ambient smoke.

5. A system as in claim 3 wherein at least some of the sensors are responsive to one of position, movement, incident light, gas and fire.

6. A system as in claim 1 wherein the processor includes interface circuitry and instructions for carrying out a respective predetermined output function.

7. A system as in claim 2 which includes a control element, coupled to the medium for communicating with each of the processors and for, at least intermittently, receiving information from at least some of the processors.

8. A system as in claim 2 wherein the processors rebroadcast the information non-simultaneously whereby the rebroadcast information is present on the medium at least twice.

9. A system as in claim 1 which includes a plurality of programmed processors wherein each processor includes instructions enabling the respective processor to receive and transmit information using the medium wherein received information can be retransmitted, substantially automatically, in response to receiving the error indicator, via the medium, from a different processor which was the intended recipient of the received information.

10. A monitoring system comprising:

a plurality of communications units, wherein each of the units communicates with others of the units, wherein each of the units includes detection circuitry for receipt of messages transmitted by others of the units and transmission circuitry for broadcasting messages to at least one other unit, wherein the detection circuitry and the transmission circuitry are coupled to control circuitry wherein the control circuitry includes analysis circuitry for determining if a message, not intended for that unit, has been properly received thereby from another transmitting unit and repeat circuitry for retransmitting at least a part of that message in response to a received message deficiency indicator.

11. A system as in claim 10 wherein the units communicate via one of RF, electrical, optical and ultrasonic transmission.

12. A system as in claim 10 wherein the control circuitry includes, in at least some of the units, a programmed processor.

13. A system as in claim 10 wherein members of a second plurality of the units include ambient condition sensors.

14. A system as in claim 13 wherein members of a third plurality of the units include output circuitry.

15. A system as in claim 10 which includes a common supervisory control element in bidirectional communication with the units.

16. A system as in claim 10 wherein some of the units each include circuitry for initiation of a function and others of the units include instructions for completion of an initiated function.

17. A system as in claim 16 wherein at least some of the sets of instructions for initiation each respond to an external physical event.

18. A system as in claim 17 wherein at least some of the sets of instructions for completion each respond to a received indicator that a selected function has been initiated so as to cause a selected output to occur.

19. A system as in claim 18 wherein some of the units include ambient condition sensors.

20. A communications method comprising:

transmitting a message, directed to at least one electrical unit, to a plurality of units;

receiving the message at the at least one electrical unit and at one other unit;

analyzing the integrity of the message at the at least one electrical unit, and, in response to a lack of integrity transmitting from the at least one electrical unit a defect indicating message; and

analyzing the integrity of the message at the other unit wherein in the event that the other unit determines that the message has been received with a requisite level of integrity, retransmitting at least a part of the received message in response to receipt of the defect indicating message.

21. A method as in claim 20 wherein the message is received at a second other unit and wherein the one other unit and the second other unit both retransmit at least a part of the received message in response to receipt of the defect indicating message.

22. A method as in claim 21 which includes sensing at respective of the units, an ambient condition.

23. A method as in claim 22 which includes, in response to receiving a message with the requisite degree of integrity, at the unit to which the message is directed, carrying out a predetermined function selected from a class which includes generating an audible, speech based, output message, generating an audible alarm indicating output which has a non-speech component, generating a visible output, and, activating a function implementing solenoid.

24. A method as in claim 21 wherein the retransmissions are not simultaneous.

25. A method as in claim 21 which includes initiating predetermined functions at least some of the units and transmitting commands to respective of others of the units to complete the initiated functions.

26. In a communications system having at least three devices in bidirectional communication, a process comprising:

transmitting a message from a first device to an intended second device;

receiving the transmission at a third device; and

retransmitting at least a part of the message from the third device in the event that an error has occurred in the transmitting step.

27. A process as in claim 26 which includes retransmitting the message from the first device.

28. A process as in claim 26 wherein the third device retransmits the entire message.

29. A process as in claim 26 wherein the retransmitting is initiated in response to receiving an error indicating message from the second device.

30. A multi-processor communications system comprising:

a communications link;

a plurality of programmed processors coupled to the link wherein the processors each include interface circuitry for writing information to the link to communicate with another processor and for detecting information on the link which may be directed to the reading processor or another processor and wherein each of the processors includes a plurality of preprogrammed commands for verifying the integrity of information received and circuitry for rebroadcasting information received at the respective processor with a predetermined degree of integrity in response to an error indicator being written onto the link by an intended receiving processor.

31. A system as in claim 30 wherein at least two processors rebroadcast information received with the predetermined degree of integrity in response to an error indicator being written onto the link by an intended receiving processor.

32. A system as in claim 30 wherein at least one ambient condition sensor is coupled to at least each member of a second plurality of the processors and wherein each of those processors includes instructions for receiving information pertaining to the respective ambient condition from the respective sensor.

33. A system as in claim 32 wherein at least some of the sensors are responsive to ambient smoke.

34. A system as in claim 32 wherein at least some of the sensors are responsive to one of position, movement, gas and fire.

35. A system as in claim 32 wherein each member of another plurality of processors includes respective interface circuitry and instructions for carrying out a respective predetermined output function.

36. A system as in claim 35 which includes a common control element, coupled to the link for communicating with each of the processors and for, at least intermittently, receiving information from at least some of the processors.

37. A system as in claim 31 wherein the processors rebroadcast the information non-simultaneously whereby the rebroadcast information is present on the link at least twice.

38. A communications method wherein each member of a plurality of communication units is in bidirectional communication with others of the units and wherein the units include detection circuitry for receipt of messages transmitted by others of the units and transmission circuitry for broadcasting of messages to at least one other unit, wherein the detection circuitry and the transmission circuitry are coupled to the control circuitry, the processing comprising:

sending a first message from a first transmitting unit to a second unit wherein the second unit sends an acknowledgment message in response to receiving the message without error and not otherwise;

receiving the first message and storing it at least at a third unit;

in response to not receiving the acknowledgment message, retransmitting the first message to the second unit from at least the third unit.

39. A method as in claim 38 wherein, if devices are operating as repeaters to retransmit messages, the last unit that sent the message that was not received error free by the next unit is considered the first unit sending the first message and that next unit is considered the second unit.

40. A method as in claim 39 which includes sensing at least one ambient condition at a selected unit.

41. A method as in claim 40 which includes sensing local ambient conditions at a plurality of spaced apart units.

42. A system comprising:

a plurality of communication units, wherein each of the units is in bidirectional communication with others of the units, wherein each of the units includes detection circuitry for receipt of messages transmitted by at least one other unit and transmission circuitry for broadcasting of messages to at least one other unit, wherein the detection circuitry and the transmission circuitry are coupled to the control circuitry;

circuitry at some of the units to identify that a first transmitted message by a first unit was not received without error by a second unit, and;

wherein a third unit will repeat the first transmitted message when it has identified that the second unit did not receive the message without error.

43. A system as in claim 42 wherein, if devices are operating as repeaters to retransmit messages, the last unit that sent the message that was not received error free by the next unit is considered the first unit sending the first message and that next unit is considered the second unit.

44. A multi-processor communications system wherein the processors can communicate via a medium, the system comprising:

at least a first programmed processor wherein the processor includes interface circuitry for transmitting first information to the medium to communicate with another, second, processor and for detecting first information received from the medium which may be directed to the receiving processor or another processor and wherein the system contains programmed instructions to identify that an error has occurred in the first information, and;

a third processor which transmits a second information which contains at least part of the first information onto the medium when an error has occurred in a prior transmission of the first information.

45. A system as in claim 44 where the programmed instructions identify that an error has occurred in the first information by a lack of an acknowledgment message from the second processor after the first processor transmitted the first message.

46. A system as in claim 44 wherein, if processors are operating as repeaters to pass messages between devices, the last processor that send the message that was not received error free by the next processor is considered the first processor sending the first message and the next processor is considered the second processor.

47. A multi-device communication method comprising:

providing at least three devices for transmitting and receiving information;

transmitting information from a first device intended to be received at a second device;

receiving that information, at least in part, at the intended second device and at a third device;

retransmitting from the third device, at least in part, the received information intended for the second device where the second device did not receive the information in an error free state but the third device did.

48. A method as in claim 47 which includes, transmitting an error indicating signal from the second device prior to retransmitting from the third device.

49. A method as in claim 47 which includes detecting at the third device a failure of the second device to transmit a signal indicative of successfully receiving the information prior to retransmitting from the third device.

50. A method as in claim 47 including detecting the presence of an ambient condition in the vicinity of at least one of the devices.

51. A method as in claim 47 which includes, prior to the transmitting step, providing a wired transmission medium and then transmitting to the devices via that medium.

52. A method as in claim 47 which includes, prior to the transmitting step, providing a wireless transmission medium and then transmitting to the devices via that medium.

53. A method as in claim 47 which includes providing a fourth device wherein the fourth device, in addition to the third device, receives that information intended for the second device and wherein the fourth device, in addition to the third device, retransmits, at least in part, received information intended for the second device where the second device did not receive the information in an error free state but the fourth device did.

54. A process for detecting transmission errors in a multiple device transmission system comprising:

providing a common communications medium;

monitoring, at a plurality of devices, communications, via the medium, between devices;

determining the integrity of the monitored messages received at each member of the plurality and generating, at each receiving member, a respective indicator thereof.

55. A process as in claim 54 including using the indicators to determine error prone locations in the system.

56. A multiple device communications system which comprises:

at least one electrical device which includes circuitry for monitoring system communications wherein the device includes a preprogrammed processor and executable instructions for evaluating the integrity of received communications and maintaining an indicator thereof and which includes a common control element in communication with the devices via a common communications medium wherein the element includes instructions for retrieving respective message integrity indicators from the devices.

57. A system as in claim 56 which includes a plurality of electrical devices, substantially identical to the at least one device, for monitoring the integrity of received messages and maintaining respective indicators thereof.

58. A system as in claim 57 wherein the at least one device includes an ambient condition sensor.

59. A system as in claim 56 wherein the medium includes, at least in part, a wired communication link.

60. A multi-processor communication system comprising:

A plurality of processors wherein each of the processors includes circuitry for receiving and transmitting signals via a communications medium and wherein each of the processors includes circuitry for immediately retransmitting received signals whereby a signal strength indicating parameter of a respective signal present in the medium is enhanced, and wherein each of the members of the plurality includes circuitry for initiating a non-repeating transmission via the medium to another processor, wherein retransmitting takes place irrespective of the absence of error in a received signal and which includes a transmission initiating device, and an intended receiving device coupled to the medium wherein the members of the plurality of processors retransmit messages from the initiating device so as to increase the signal strength of messages received at the receiving device.

61. A system as in claim 60 wherein the medium comprises, at least in part, a cable selected from a class which includes an optical cable and an electrical cable.

62. A system as in claim 60 wherein the members of the plurality of processors include executable instructions for initiating a non-repeating transmission to the receiving device and instructions for switching from a transmission initiating mode to a repeating mode.

63. A system as in claim 62 wherein the members of the plurality each include circuitry for determining if a respective processor is entitled to initiate a transmission, and instructions for initiating a non-repeating transmission whereupon other members of the plurality will repeat that transmission.

64. A system as in claim 63 wherein at least some of the members of the plurality include an ambient condition sensor.

65. A system as in claim 64 wherein the processors comprise programmable processors.

66. In a communication system having at least three devices in bi-directional communication, a process comprising:

transmitting a message from a first device to an intended second device;

if the first device determines that an error has occurred in the transmitting of the message to the second device, the first device retransmits the message to a third device, designated as a repeater device; and

the third device retransmits at least a part of the first device'"'"'s message to the second device.

67. A process as in claim 66 wherein an error occurs when the third device retransmits at least a part of the first device'"'"'s message to the second device;

the third device retransmits at least a part of the first device'"'"'s message to a fourth device, designated as a repeater device; and

the fourth device retransmits at least a part of the first device'"'"'s message to the second device.

68. A process as in claim 66 wherein the third device was previously designated as a repeater device in the event that a message transmission between the first device and the second device contains an error.

69. A process as in claim 66 that includes input or ambient condition sensor devices, such as a gas sensor, fire sensor, smoke sensor, heat sensor, motion sensor, or the like.

70. A process as in claim 66 that includes output or control devices.

71. A process as in claim 66 wherein a central control unit is the designated repeater device.

72. A process as in claim 66 wherein at least part of the system is a fire alarm system.

73. A process as in claim 66 wherein at least part of the system is a control system.

74. A process as in claim 69 or claim 70 wherein the communication linked is by RF or other non-wired media.

75. A multi-processor communications system wherein the processors can communicate via a common medium, the system comprising:

at least one programmed processor wherein the processor includes interface circuitry for transmitting information to the medium to communicate with another processor and for detecting information received from the medium which may be directed to the another processor and wherein the at least one processor includes a plurality of preprogrammed instructions for verifying the integrity of information received from a transmitting unit and wherein the at least one programmed processor rebroadcasts, at least in part, that received information on the medium in response to an error indicator being broadcast on the medium by an intended receiving processor.

76. A system as in claim 75 which includes at least two processors wherein the at least two processors rebroadcast information received with the predetermined degree of integrity on the medium in response to an error indicator being broadcast on the medium by an intended receiving processor.

77. A system as in claim 75 wherein at least one ambient condition sensor is coupled to the processor and wherein the processor includes instructions for receiving information pertaining to the respective ambient condition from the respective sensor.

78. A system as in claim 77 wherein at least some of the sensors are responsive to ambient smoke.

79. A system as in claim 77 wherein at least some of the sensors are responsive to one of position, movement, incident light, gas and fire.

80. A monitoring system comprising:

a plurality of communications units, wherein each of the units communicates with others of the units via a common medium, wherein each of the units includes detection circuitry for receipt of messages transmitted by others of the units via the medium and transmission circuitry for broadcasting messages to at least one other unit via the medium, wherein the detection circuitry and the transmission circuitry are coupled to control circuitry wherein the control circuitry includes analysis circuitry for determining if a message, not intended for that unit, has been properly received thereby from another transmitting unit and repeat circuitry for retransmitting at least a part of that message via the medium in response to a received message deficiency indicator.

81. A system as in claim 80 wherein the units communicate via one of RF, electrical, optical and ultrasonic transmission.

82. A system as in claim 80 wherein members of a second plurality of the units include ambient condition sensors.

83. A system as in claim 80 wherein some of the units each include circuitry for initiation of a function and others of the units include instructions for completion of an initiated function.

84. A system as in claim 83 wherein at least some of the sets of instructions for initiation each respond to an external physical event.

85. A system as in claim 84 wherein at least some of the sets of instructions for completion each respond to a received indicator that a selected function has been initiated so as to cause a selected output to occur.

86. A system as in claim 85 wherein some of the units include ambient condition sensors.

87. A multi-processor communication system comprising:

a common communications medium;

a plurality of processors coupled to the medium wherein each of the processors includes circuitry for receiving and transmitting signals via the medium and wherein each of the processors includes circuitry for immediately retransmitting received signals whereby a signal strength indicating parameter of a respective signal present in the medium is enhanced, and wherein each of the members of the plurality includes circuitry for initiating a non-repeating transmission via the medium to another processor.

88. A system as in claim 87 wherein retransmitting takes place irrespective of the absence of error in a received signal.

89. A system as in claim 88 which includes a transmission initiating device, and an intended receiving device coupled to the medium wherein the members of the plurality of processors retransmit messages from the initiating device so as to increase the signal strength of messages received at the receiving device.

90. A system as in claim 87 wherein the members of the plurality of processors include executable instructions for initiating a non-repeating transmission to the receiving device and instructions for switching from a transmission initiating mode to a repeating mode.