Isothermal heat sink with converging, diverging channels

• US 6,253,835 B1
• Filed: 02/11/2000
• Issued: 07/03/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 02/11/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Simons, Robert E., Ellsworth, Michael J. Jr., Chu, Richard C.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lazarus, Ira S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MCKINNON, TERRELL L
• Application Number:
  US09/502,321
• Time in Patent Office: 508 Days
• Field of Search: 165/80.4, 165/104.33, 165/170, 165/185, 257/712, 257/714, 257/715, 257/722, 174/15.1, 174/16.3, 361/688, 361/687, 361/719, 361/699, 361/701, 361/695, 361/704
• US Class Current: 165/80.4
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 13/08 by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2210/02 with particular branching, e.g. fractal conduit arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 3/12 Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels F28D1/02, F28D1/03 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/473 by flowing liquids H01L23/4332, H01L23/4338 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

Abstract

Apparatus for cooling an electronic device, and a resultant fluid-cooled electronic apparatus are provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a heat sink member with a surface for making thermal contact with the electronic device. The heat sink member has a plurality of channels for carrying coolant fluid. The plurality of channels are positioned in a first group and a second group such that coolant flow alternates across the member. At least one channel of the plurality of channels has a fluid flow cross-section that varies over a length thereof to selectively enhance a heat transfer coefficient of the coolant fluid within the channel and thereby produce a more uniform temperature at the surface of the heat sink member when making thermal contact with the electronic device.

Claims

1. Apparatus for cooling an electronic device, comprising:

a heat sink member with a surface for making thermal contact with said electronic device;

wherein said heat sink member includes a plurality of channels for carrying coolant fluid, said plurality of channels comprising a first group of channels and a second group of channels, said first group of channels and said second group of channels being positioned generally alternately across the member so that coolant flow alternates direction across said member; and

wherein at least one channel of said first group of channels and said second group of channels has a channel cross-section that varies over a length thereof to enhance a heat transfer coefficient of said coolant fluid within said at least one channel at a selected section of said at least one channel and thereby produce a more uniform temperature at said surface of said heat sink member when making thermal contact with said electronic device.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one channel with varying cross-section has a fluid flow cross-section which decreases in a center portion of said heat sink member and increases thereafter so that coolant fluid flow through said at least one channel experiences an area of converging cross-section in said center portion of said member and thereafter an area of diverging cross-section.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said at least one channel of said first group of channels and said second group of channels comprises at least some channels of said first group of channels and said second group of channels.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein said at least some channels comprise each channel of said first group of channels and said second group of channels.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said at least one channel has a channel width near its center in a range of 0.3 to 0.7 mm, and wherein said at least one channel has a common channel width at either end of approximately 1 mm or greater.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one channel comprises an elongated channel having a first end and a second end, said at least one channel narrowing to a minimum fluid flow cross-section near a center thereof and having a common fluid flow cross-section at either end.

7. A fluid-cooled electronic apparatus, comprising:

an electronic device;

a heat sink member with a surface for making thermal contact with said electronic device;

wherein said heat sink member has a plurality of generally parallel channels for carrying coolant fluid, said plurality of channels comprising a first group of channels and a second group of channels, said first group of channels and said second group of channels being positioned generally alternately across the member so that coolant flow alternates direction across said member; and

wherein at least one channel of said first group of channels and said second group of channels has a channel cross-section that varies over a length thereof to enhance a heat transfer coefficient of said coolant fluid within said at least one channel at a selected section of said at least one channel and thereby produce a more uniform temperature at said surface of said heat sink member when making thermal contact with said electronic device.

8. The fluid-cooled electronic apparatus of claim 7, wherein said at least one channel with varying cross-section has a fluid flow cross-section which decreases in a center portion of said heat sink member and increases thereafter so that coolant fluid flow through said at least one channel experiences an area of converging cross-section in said center portion of said member and thereafter an area of diverging cross-section.

9. The fluid-cooled electronic apparatus of claim 8, wherein said at least one channel of said first group of channels and said second group of channels comprises at least some channels of said first group of channels and said second group of channels.

10. The fluid-cooled electronic apparatus of claim 9, wherein said at least some channels comprise each channel of said first group of channels and said second group of channels.

11. The fluid-cooled electronic apparatus of claim 7, wherein said at least one channel has a channel width near its center in a range of 0.3 to 0.7 mm, and wherein said at least one channel has a common channel width at either end of approximately 1 mm or greater.

12. The fluid-cooled electronic apparatus of claim 7, wherein said at least one channel comprises an elongated channel having a first end and a second end, said at least one channel narrowing to a minimum fluid flow cross-section near a center thereof and having a common fluid flow cross-section at either end.