Method and system for selecting at least one optimal view of a three dimensional image

• US 6,256,037 B1
• Filed: 11/27/1998
• Issued: 07/03/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/27/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Merge Healthcare Incorporated (International Business Machines Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Dicomit Dicom Information Technologies Corp. (International Business Machines Corporation)
• Inventors: Callahan, Terrance
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Phu K.
• Application Number:
  US09/200,706
• Time in Patent Office: 949 Days
• Field of Search: 345/419, 345/421, 345/425, 345/426, 345/427
• US Class Current: 345/419
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/04815 Interaction with a metaphor-based environment or interaction object displayed as three-dimensional, e.g. changing the user viewpoint with respect to the environment or object
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/00 Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2210/41 Medical
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2219/008 Cut plane or projection plane definition

Abstract

A method and system for selecting at least one optimal view of a computer-generated three dimensional image. The three dimensional image is generated by mapping image properties onto a coordinate space modeled by the computer. Then, selected coordinates of the coordinate space are projected onto a display to show a view of the three dimensional image. Points of interest can be selected and the view can be changed to include projections of different selected coordinates of the coordinate space. After at least two points have been selected, at least one optimal view is determined so as to include the selected points, and is projected onto the display.

Claims

1. A method of selecting at least one optimal surface of a three dimensional image, the three dimensional image

being generated in a corrdinate space by an image-defining array having a plurality of ordered image properties, each ordered image property in the image-defining array having a unique associated spatial coordinate in the coordinate space such that each ordered image property is mappable to the unique associated spatial coordinate,

having a plurality of surfaces, each surface of the plurality of surfaces having an associated image-defining subarray in the image-defining array such that each surface of the plurality of surfaces is generated by mapping each ordered image property of the associated image-defining subarray onto the unique associated spatial coordinate, and

having a selected visible surface shown in a display, the selected visible surface being one of the plurality of surfaces of the three dimensional image;

the display

having a plurality of display coordinates,

selectably displaying views such that a series of distinct selected visible surfaces of the plurality of surfaces of the three dimensional image are viewable thereon, and

having an associated one-to-one projection means for projecting each selected visible surface of the three dimensional image onto the display, such that a view-specific one-to-one correspondence exists between each display coordinate and the spatial coordinate projected thereon;

the method being implemented using a data processor having

a memory, the memory having access to the image-defining array;

a coordinate space modeling means loaded in memory for modeling and manipulating the coordinate space, the coordinate space modeling means being responsive to a group of commands to

(1) rotate the coordinate space;

(2) translate a selected visible surface of the coordinate space; and

,

(3) pivot a selected visible surface about an arbitrary axis on the selected visible surface;

a user interface means for selecting commands from the group of commands, the user interface means communicating with the coordinate space modeling means to relay selected commands to the coordinate space modeling means; and

mapping means operable for each visible surface of the three dimensional image to map each ordered image property of the associated image-defining subarray for each visible surface onto the unique associated spatial coordinate in the coordinate space to generate the visible surface of the three dimensional image;

such that the at least one optimal surface includes at least two spatial coordinates of interest;

the method comprising;

(a) interacting with the coordinater space via the interface means and the coordinate space modeling means to generate a series of views of the three dimensional image in the display, each view including at least one selected visible surface of the three dimensional image;

(b) selecting a plurality of spatial coordinates of interest from said series of views, each spatial coordinate of interest in said plurality of spatial coordinates of interest being selected by selecting a display coordinate in an associated view in said series of views using the user interface means, and by determining the spatial coordinate of interest based on said associated view and the view-specific one-to-one correspondence between said selected display coordinate and said spatial coordinate of interest mapped thereon;

(c) manipulating the coordinate space via the coordinate space modeling means to orient a selected visible surface of the coordinate space, such that the selected visible surface of the coordinate space corresponds to said at least one optimal surface.

2. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein step (c) is executed automatically on user command after selection of at least two coordinates of interest.

3. The method as defined in claim 2 wherein step (c) is executed automatically on user command after selection of at least three coordinates of interest.

4. The method as defined in claim 3 wherein step (c) comprises

calculating a first vector by subtracting a first coordinate of interest of said at least three coordinates of interest from a second coordinate of interest of said at least three coordinates of interest;

calculating a second vector by subtracting said first coordinate of interest from a third coordinate of interest of said at least three coordinates of interest;

automatically applying the group of commands to

(i) rotate the coordinate space;

(ii) translate a selected visible surface of the coordinate space; and

,

(iii) pivot a selected visible surface about an arbitrary spatial coordinate on the selected visible surface;

such that an optimal plane defined by said first vector, said second vector and any one of said at least three coordinates of interest is a visible surface.

5. A method of selecting at least one optimal view from a plurality of views of a three dimensional image generated from an image-defining array using a data processor having a coordinate space modeling means for modeling and manipulating a coordinate space and a display for showing the plurality of views of the coordinate space, the image-defining array having a plurality of ordered image properties, each ordered image property in the plurality of ordered image properties having a unique associated coordinate in the coordinate space such that the three dimensional image is generated in the coordinate space by mapping each ordered image property in the plurality of ordered image properties onto the unique associated coordinate in the coordinate space, each view in the plurality of views having an associated view-defining subarray in the image-defining array, such that each view in the plurality of views is shown on the display by being generated in the coordinate space by mapping each ordered image property in the associated view-defining subarray into the associated coordinate in the coordinate space and being projected from the coordinated space onto the display, the method comprising

(a) selecting a plurality of coordinates of interest in the coordinate space;

(b) determining the at least one optimal view in order to contain the plurality of coordinates in a minimum number of view;

(c) showing the at least one optimal view on the display.

6. A system for selecting at least one optimal surface of a three dimensional image

generated in a coordinate space by an image-defining array having a plurality of ordered image properties, each ordered image property in the image-defining array having a unique associated spatial coordinate in the coordinate space such that each ordered image property is mappable to the unique associated spatial coordinate,

having a plurality of surfaces, each surface of the plurality of surfaces having an associated image-defining subarray in the image-defining array such that each surface of the plurality of surfaces is generated by mapping each ordered image property of the associated image-defining subarray onto the unique associated spatial coordinate, and

having a selected visible surface shown in a display, the selected visible surface being one of the plurality of surfaces of the three dimensional image;

the display

having a plurality of display coordinates,

selectably displaying views such that a series of distinct selected visible surfaces of the plurality of surfaces of the three dimensional image are viewable thereon, and

having an associated one-to-one projection means for projecting each selected visible surface of the three dimensional image onto the display, such that a view-specific one-to-one correspondence exists between each display coordinate and the spatial coordinate projected thereon;

the three dimensional image being generated using a data processor having

a memory, the memory having access to the image-defining array;

a coordinate space modeling means loaded in memory for modeling and manipulating the coordinate space, the coordinate space modeling means being responsive to a group of commands to

(1) rotate the coordinate space,

(2) translate a selected visible surface of the coordinate space; and

,

(3) pivot a selected visible surface about an arbitrary axis on the selected visible surface;

a user interface means for selecting commands from the group of commands, the user interface means communicating with the coordinate space modeling means to relay selected commands to the coordinate space modeling means; and

mapping means operable of reach visible surface of the three dimensional image to map each ordered image property of the associated image-defining subarray for each visible surface onto the unique associated spatial coordinate in the coordinate space to generate the visible surface of the three dimensional image;

such that the at least one optimal surface includes at least two spatial coordinates of interest;

the system comprising

(a) coordinate selection means operable to select a plurality of spatial coordinates of interest from a series of views generated using user interface means and the coordinate space modeling means, each view inclduing at least one selected visible surface of the three dimensional image, each spatial coordinate of interest in said plurality of spatial coordinates of interest being selected by selecting a display coordinate in an associated view in said series of views using the user interface means, and by determining the spatial coordinate of interest based on said associated view and the view-specific one-to-one correspondence between said selected display coordinate and said spatial coordinate of interest mapped thereon;

(b) optimal surface generation means operable to manipulate the coordinate space via the coordinate space modeling means to orient a selected visible surface of the coordinate space, such that the selected visible surface of the coordinate space corresponds to said at least one optimal surface.

7. The system as defined in claim 6 wherein said optimal surface generation means operates automatically on user command after selection of at least two coordinates of interest.

8. The system as claimed in claim 7 wherein said pivot control means is operable by the user via the user interface means to rotate a selected visible surface of the coordinate space about an arbitrary axis intersecting at least tow arbitrarily selected points, said at least two arbitrarily selected points being separately selectable.

9. The method as defined in claim 6 wherein said optimal surface generation means operates automatically on user command after selection of at least three coordinates of interest.

10. The method as definded in claim 9 wherein said optimal surface generation means

calculates a first vector by subtracting a first coordinate of interest of said at least three coordinates of interest from a second coordinate of interest of said at least three coordinates of interest,

calculates a second vector by subtracting said first coordinate of interest from a third coordinate of interest of said at least three coordinates of interest; and,

automatically applies the group of commands to

(i) rotate the coordinate space;

(ii) translate a selected visible surface of the coordinate space; and

(iii) pivot a selected visible surface about an arbitrary axis on the selected visible surface,

such that an optimal plane defined by said first vector, said second vector and any one of said at least three coordinates of interest is a visible surface.

11. The system as claimed in claim 6 wherein said optimal surface generation means comprises pivot control means operable by the user via the user interface means to pivot a selected visible surface of the coordinate space about an arbitrary axis intersecting an arbitrary selected point.

12. A system for viewing at least one coordinate of interest in a three dimensional image generated on a data processor having a coordinate space modeling means for modeling and manipulating a coordinate space and a display for simultaneously showing at least three views of the three dimensional image, the system comprising

point selection means for selecting an arbitrary coordinate of interest from a first view in the plurality of views;

orthogonal view generation means for generating two mutually orthogonal views on the display, both of said two mutually orthogonal views on the display being orthogonal to said first view and intersecting with said first view at said arbitrary coordinate of interest such that said arbitrary coordinate of interest can be viewed from three orthogonal directions simultaneously.

13. The system as defined in claim 12 further comprising rotation means operable by the user to rotate two orthogonal views about a normal to a third orthogonal view passing through said arbitrary coordinate of interest.