Portable vibration monitoring device

• US 6,257,066 B1
• Filed: 05/21/1998
• Issued: 07/10/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 05/21/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Azima Holdings Incorporated (Fortive Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Reid Asset Management Company
• Inventors: Chandler, Jon K., Dent, Orris L.
• Primary Examiner(s): KWOK, HELEN C
• Application Number:
  US09/083,077
• Time in Patent Office: 1,146 Days
• Field of Search: 736/49, 736/55, 736/56, 736/58, 736/59, 734/89, 734/91, 734/95, 734/98, 734/99, 73/18.2, 736/02, 702/56, 702/189, 702/190, 702/67, 702/68, 702/141, 702/142, 702/150, 340/669, 340/683, 340/691.3, 340/517, 340/521, 340/522, 340/525, 340/815.4, 340/815.69, 345/34-36, 345/39-40
• US Class Current: 73/660
• CPC Class Codes: G01H 1/12 of longitudinal or not specified vibrations

Abstract

A portable vibration monitoring device which includes an accelerometer mounted on a machine to measure the vibration of the machine, and a display to display the results. The results are displayed, for example, on four bargraphs to indicate good/marginal/unacceptable vibration levels. Additionally, the bargraphs provide an indication of the type of problem resulting in high vibration levels. Examples of such problem types include, but are not limited to, machine imbalance, misalignment, and general fault conditions.

Claims

1. A portable vibration monitoring device, comprising:

a portable housing;

a transducer which may be mounted to a machine under test, the transducer providing an output signal representative of the movement of the machine;

at least one integrator within the housing for processing the output signal to produce three measurands corresponding respectively to measured acceleration, velocity and displacement of the machine;

scaling circuitry within the housing for scaling levels of the three measurands relative to each other according to a predetermined relationship; and

a display exposed via the housing for displaying the scaled levels of the three measurands in a manner which is indicative of a particular frequency content of the output signal.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the scaling circuitry comprises at least one filter for filtering at least one of the measurands so as to have different frequency response characteristics compared to at least another of the measurands.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein each of the measurands has different frequency response characteristics compared to the other measurands.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the scaling circuitry comprises at least one filter such that the frequency response characteristics of the velocity measurand and the displacement measurand are represented by respective curves which intersect at a first predetermined frequency, and the frequency response characteristics of the velocity measurand and the acceleration measurand are represented by respective curves which intersect at a second predetermined frequency.

5. The device of claim 4, wherein the second predetermined frequency is greater than the first predetermined frequency.

6. The device of claim 1, wherein the scaling circuitry comprises at least one adjustable scaler for scaling at least one of the three measurands in response to an operator input indicative of an operating speed of the machine.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the at least one adjustable scaler comprises a separate adjustable scaler for each of the three measurands.

8. The device of claim 7, further comprising a memory for storing gain values for adjusting a gain of the adjustable scalers as a function of the operating speed.

9. The device of claim 1, wherein the display comprises three bargraphs each displaying a respective one of the scaled measurands.

10. The device of claim 9, wherein displayed levels of the three bargraphs are indicative of the particular frequency content.

11. The device of claim 10, wherein the displayed level of a first of the three bargraphs is indicative of relatively low frequencies compared to the displayed level of a second of the three bargraphs which is indicative of relatively high frequencies.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the displayed level of a third of the three bargraphs is indicative of mid frequencies between the relatively low frequencies and the relatively high frequencies.

13. The device of claim 1, further comprising a circuit for computing a crest factor from the output signal.

14. The device of claim 13, wherein the display also displays the crest factor.

15. The device of claim 1, wherein the predetermined relationship comprises:

the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled velocity measurand being significantly higher than the scaled acceleration measurand and the scaled displacement measurand being equal or higher than the scaled velocity measurand, when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a low frequency band;

the scaled velocity measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being greater than the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being less than or equal to the scaled velocity measurand, when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a mid frequency band; and

the scaled acceleration measurand and the scaled velocity measurand being significantly higher than the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being higher than the scaled velocity measurand when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a high frequency band.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled velocity measurand are the same when the frequency of the controlling peak is the same as the frequency of the machine.

17. A portable vibration monitoring device, comprising:

a portable housing;

a transducer which may be mounted to a machine under test, the transducer providing an output signal related to movement of the machine;

processing circuitry within the housing for deriving acceleration, velocity and displacement measurands based on the output signal;

scaling circuitry within the housing for scaling levels of the measurands relative to each other according to a predetermined relationship; and

a display exposed via the housing for displaying the scaled levels of the measurands in a manner which is indicative of a particular frequency content of the output signal.

18. The device of claim 17, wherein the display comprises three bargraphs each displaying a respective one of the scaled measurands.

19. The device of claim 18, wherein displayed levels of the three bargraphs are indicative of the particular frequency content.

20. The device of claim 19, wherein the displayed level of a first of the three bargraphs is indicative of relatively low frequencies compared to the displayed level of a second of the three bargraphs which is indicative of relatively high frequencies.

21. The device of claim 20, wherein the displayed level of a third of the three bargraphs is indicative of mid frequencies between the relatively low frequencies and the relatively high frequencies.

22. The device of claim 17, wherein the predetermined relationship comprises:

the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled velocity measurand being significantly higher than the scaled acceleration measurand and the scaled displacement measurand being equal or higher than the scaled velocity measurand, when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a low frequency band;

the scaled velocity measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being greater than the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being less than or equal to the scaled velocity measurand, when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a mid frequency band; and

the scaled acceleration measurand and the scaled velocity measurand being significantly higher than the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being higher than the scaled velocity measurand when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a high frequency band.

23. The device of claim 22, wherein the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled velocity measurand are the same when the frequency of the controlling peak is the same as the frequency of the machine.

24. A portable vibration monitoring device, comprising a transducer which may be mounted to a machine under test and processing circuitry which processes an output signal provided from the transducer;

wherein the processing circuitry derives acceleration, velocity and displacement measurands from the output signal, generates an estimate of frequency content based on overall acceleration, velocity and displacement level, and determines mechanical deficiencies of the machine based on the estimate of frequency content.

25. The device of claim 24, further comprising scaling circuitry which scales the measurands based on machine speed.

26. The device of claim 25, further comprising an input for inputting machine speed.

27. The device of claim 26, wherein the scaling circuitry comprises an adjustable scaler for each of the three measurands and a controller which controls the adjustable scalers based on machine speed.

28. The device of claim 27, further comprising a portable housing containing the processing circuitry, the scaling circuitry and the input for inputting machine speed.

29. The device of claim 28, further comprising a display exposed via the housing for displaying the scaled levels of the measurands in a manner which is indicative of a particular frequency content of the output signal.

30. The device of claim 25, wherein the scaling circuitry scales the measurands so that:

the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled velocity measurand being significantly higher than the scaled acceleration measurand and the scaled displacement measurand being equal or higher than the scaled velocity measurand, when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a low frequency band;

the scaled velocity measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being greater than the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being less than or equal to the scaled velocity measurand, when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a mid frequency band; and

the scaled acceleration measurand and the scaled velocity measurand being significantly higher than the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled acceleration measurand being higher than the scaled velocity measurand when the frequency of the controlling peak is located towards a high frequency band.

31. The device of claim 30, wherein the scaled displacement measurand and the scaled velocity measurand are the same when the frequency of the controlling peak is the same as the frequency of the machine.

32. A method of determining the condition of a machine, comprising:

mounting a transducer to the machine to provide an output signal related to movement of the machine;

processing the output signal to derive acceleration, velocity and displacement measurands;

generating an estimate of frequency content based on overall acceleration, velocity and displacement level; and

determining mechanical deficiencies of the machine based on the estimate of frequency content.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein said determining step comprises scaling the acceleration, velocity and displacement measurands relative to machine speed and determining the condition of the machine based on a comparison of the scaled measurands.

34. The method of claim 33, further comprising the step of displaying the scaled levels of the measurands in a manner which is indicative of a particular frequency content of the output signal.