DNA diagnostics based on mass spectrometry
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A process for identifying a target nucleotide present in a nucleic acid molecule, comprising the steps of:
- a) obtaining a nucleic acid molecule that contains a target nucleotide;
b) optionally immobilizing the nucleic acid molecule onto a solid support, to produce an immobilized nucleic acid molecule;
c) hybridizing the nucleic acid molecule with a primer oligonucleotide that is complementary to the nucleic acid molecule at a site adjacent to the target nucleotide;
d) contacting the product of step c) with a complete set of dideoxynucleoside triphosphates or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphates and a polymerase, so that only the dideoxynucleoside or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate that is complementary to the target nucleotide is extended onto the primer;
e) ionizing and volatilizing the product of step d); and
f) determining the molecular mass of the extended primer by mass spectrometry, thereby identifying the target nucleotide.
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Abstract
Fast and highly accurate mass spectrometry-based processes for detecting particular nucleic acid molecules and sequences in the molecules are provided. Depending upon the sequence to be detected, the processes, for example, can be used to diagnose a genetic disease or a chromosomal abnormality, a predisposition to a disease or condition, or infection by a pathogen, or for determining identity or heredity.
281 Citations
59 Claims
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1. A process for identifying a target nucleotide present in a nucleic acid molecule, comprising the steps of:
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a) obtaining a nucleic acid molecule that contains a target nucleotide;
b) optionally immobilizing the nucleic acid molecule onto a solid support, to produce an immobilized nucleic acid molecule;
c) hybridizing the nucleic acid molecule with a primer oligonucleotide that is complementary to the nucleic acid molecule at a site adjacent to the target nucleotide;
d) contacting the product of step c) with a complete set of dideoxynucleoside triphosphates or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphates and a polymerase, so that only the dideoxynucleoside or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate that is complementary to the target nucleotide is extended onto the primer;
e) ionizing and volatilizing the product of step d); and
f) determining the molecular mass of the extended primer by mass spectrometry, thereby identifying the target nucleotide. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 57)
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25. A process for identifying target nucleotides present in a plurality of nucleic acid molecules, comprising the steps of:
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a) hybridizing nucleic acid molecules in the plurality with primer oligonucleotides that are complementary to a site immediately adjacent to a target nucleotide, wherein a primer that hybridizes to one nucleic acid molecule in the plurality, or an extension product of the primer, is distinguishable from each primer, or extension product thereof, that hybridizes to a different nucleic acid molecule in the plurality, thereby producing one or more hybridized primers;
b) contacting the hybridized primers with a complete set of dideoxynucleoside triphosphates or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphates and a DNA dependent DNA polymerase, so that only a dideoxynucleoside triphosphate or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate that is complementary to the target nucleotide is extended onto a hybridized primer; and
c) determining the molecular masses of the products of step b) by mass spectrometry, thereby identifying the target nucleotides present in the plurality of nucleic acid molecules. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 58)
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39. A process for detecting a target nucleotide present in a biological sample, comprising the steps of:
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a) obtaining a nucleic acid molecule that contains a target nucleotide;
b) hybridizing the nucleic acid molecule with a primer oligonucleotide that is complementary to the nucleic acid molecule at a site adjacent to the target nucleotide;
c) contacting the product of step b) with a dideoxynucleoside or a 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate and a DNA polymerase, whereby if the dideoxynucleoside or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate is complementary to the target nucleotide it is extended onto the primer;
d) ionizing and volatizing the product of step c); and
e) detecting the primer by mass spectrometry, to determine the identity of the target nucleotide. - View Dependent Claims (40)
before hybridizing, immobilizing the nucleic acid molecule onto a solid support, to produce an immobilized nucleic acid molecule.
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41. A process for detecting a target nucleotide present in a biological sample, comprising the steps of:
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a) obtaining a nucleic acid molecule that contains a target nucleotide;
b) hybridizing the nucleic acid molecule with a primer oligonucleotide that is complementary to the nucleic acid molecule at a site adjacent to the target nucleotide;
c) contacting the product of step b) with dideoxynucleosides or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphates and a DNA polymerase, whereby if a dideoxynucleoside or 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate is complementary to the target nucleotide it is extended onto the primer;
d) ionizing and volatizing the product of step c); and
e) detecting the primer by mass spectrometry, to determine the identity of the target nucleotide.
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42. A process for determining whether a target nucleotide is present in a nucleic acid molecule, comprising:
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a) hybridizing the nucleic acid molecule to a primer oligonucleotide, which is complementary to a sequence of the target nucleic acid molecule, wherein the sequence is adjacent to the region suspected of containing the target nucleotide, thereby producing a hybridized primer;
b) contacting the hybridized primer with i) three deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates, ii) a chain terminating nucleotide selected from the group consisting of a dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphate and a 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate, wherein the chain terminating nucleotide corresponds to the missing deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate, andiii) a DNA polymerase, whereby the hybridized primer is extended until a chain terminating nucleotide is incorporated to produce an extended primer; and
c) determining the molecular mass of the extended primer by mass spectrometry, thereby determining whether the target nucleotide is present in the nucleic acid molecule. - View Dependent Claims (43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 59)
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49. A process for determining whether a target nucleotide is present in a plurality of nucleic acid molecules, comprising:
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a) hybridizing each nucleic acid molecule in a plurality of nucleic acid molecules with a primer oligonucleotide, which is complementary to a sequence of a nucleic acid molecule that is adjacent to a region suspected of containing the target nucleotide, wherein a primer that hybridizes to one nucleic acid molecule in the plurality is distinguishable from each primer that hybridizes to a different nucleic acid molecule in the plurality, thereby producing hybridized primers;
b) contacting the hybridized primers with i) three deoxynucleoside triphosphates, and ii) a chain terminating nucleotiuj selected from the group consisting of a dideoxynucleoside triphosphate and a 3′
-deoxynucleoside triphosphate, wherein the chain terminating nucleotide corresponds to the missing deoxynucleoside triphosphate, andiii) a DNA polymerase, whereby the hybridized primers are extended until a chain terminating nucleotide is incorporated, thereby producing extended primers; and
c) determining the molecular masses of the extended primers by mass spectrometry, thereby determining whether a target nucleotide is present in a nucleic acid molecule among the plurality. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56)
the extended primers are mass differentiated and, thereby, distinguishable from each other.
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51. A process of claim 50, wherein length or sequence differences among the extended primers render them distinguishable.
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52. The process of claim 50, wherein the mass differentiation of the extended primers results from the presence of mass modifying functionalities in a base, sugar or phosphate moiety of the extended primers.
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53. The process of claim 50, wherein the mass differentiation of the extended primers results from an exchange of cations at the phosphodiester bonds of the extended primers.
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54. The process of claim 49, wherein each nucleic acid molecule in the plurality is immobilized to a solid support.
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55. The process of claim 49, wherein, prior to determining the molecular masses of the extended primers, a portion of the nucleic acid molecules suspected of a target nucleotide is amplified.
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56. The process of claim 49, wherein the nucleic acid molecules in the plurality are obtained from one or more individuals, and an extended primer provides a DNA fingerprint or is indicative of a disease or condition selected from the group consisting of a genetic disease, a chromosomal abnormality, a genetic predisposition, a viral infection, a fungal infection, a bacterial infection and a protist infection.
Specification