Temperature controlling device for aerosol drug delivery

• US 6,263,872 B1
• Filed: 10/16/2000
• Issued: 07/24/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/21/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Aradigm Corporation
• Original Assignee: Aradigm Corporation
• Inventors: Flaim, Christopher J., Schuster, Jeffrey A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brown, Michael A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Hamilton, Lalita M
• Application Number:
  US09/690,242
• Time in Patent Office: 281 Days
• Field of Search: 128/203.26, 128/204.17, 261/153
• US Class Current: 128/203.26
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 11/001 Particle size control
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/00 Inhalators drug delivery in endotracheal tubes A61M16/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0045 using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/0051 the dosages being arranged on a tape, e.g. strips
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1075 by influencing the temperature A61M16/1045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/108 before being humidified or mixed with a beneficial agent
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1085 after being humidified or mixed with a beneficial agent
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/1095 in the connecting tubes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/142 with semi-permeable walls separating the liquid from the respiratory gas
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/16 Devices to humidify the respiration air A61M16/1045 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/161 with means for measuring the humidity
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0039 in the inspiratory circuit
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/062 Desiccants
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3368 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/52 with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient

Abstract

A portable air temperature controlling device useful for warming air surrounding an aerosolized drug formulation is described. Warming the air of an aerosol makes it possible to reduce the size of aerosol particles produced by an aerosol generation device. Additionally, warming the air forces the size of the aerosol particles to be in the range required for systemic drug delivery independent of ambient conditions. Smaller particles can be more precisely targeted to different areas of the respiratory tract.

Claims

1. An air temperature controlling device, comprising:

a receptacle for a self-contained power source which receptacle comprises electrical contacts;

a channel comprising an air flow path, a first opening into which air can be inhaled, and a second opening through which air is delivered to an aerosol generation device;

a heating element connected to the electrical contacts and positioned such that air flowing by the heating element flows through the channel;

wherein the air temperature controlling device is a hand-held, self-contained device having a total weight of 1 kilogram or less; and

further wherein the heating element is a wire comprised of an alloy comprising copper and another metal selected from the group consisting of chromium and iron, the wire having a gauge in the range of from 16 to 36 and wherein the wire weighs from 0.5-10 grams.

2. The air temperature controlling device of claim 1, further comprising:

a self-contained power source in the receptacle wherein the total weight remains 1 kilogram or less.

3. The air temperature controlling device of claim 2, wherein the self-contained power source is in the form of a battery having a physical size equivalent to or smaller than two standard D size electric cells.

4. The air temperature controlling device of claim 3, wherein the battery has a physical size equivalent to or smaller than ten standard AA size cells.

5. The air temperature controlling device of claim 1, wherein the wire is formed in a coil.

6. The air temperature controlling device of claim 1, further comprising:

a sensor means for measuring ambient conditions, the sensor means supplying information used to determine an amount of energy to be added to the heating element.

7. An air temperature controlling device for effecting efficiency and reproducibility of aerosol drug delivery, comprising:

(a) a metal heating element comprised of an alloy comprising copper and another metal selected from the group consisting of chromium and iron, the wire having a gauge in a range of from 16 to 36 and wherein the wire weights from 0.5-10 grams;

(b) a receptacle for a battery;

(c) an aerosol generator component; and

(d) a control circuit means for controlling the aerosol generation component in conjunction with the air temperature controlling device whereby the heating element is preheated for a period of less than 2 minutes prior to creating an aerosol, and the aerosol generation component and the air temperature controlling device combined are portable, self contained and weigh less than 1.5 kg.

8. The device of claim 7, further comprising:

(d) a battery in the receptacle wherein the battery chemistry comprises nickel and/or lithium.

9. The device of claim 8, wherein the heating element comprises nickel.

10. The device of claim 7, wherein the device weight is less than 1 kg.

11. The device of claim 7, wherein the preheat period is less than 30 seconds.

12. The device of claim 11, wherein the control circuit means comprises a microprocessor.