Method and apparatus for distributing fluid in a microfluidic device

• US 6,268,219 B1
• Filed: 07/09/1999
• Issued: 07/31/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 07/09/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Laboratory Corporation Of America Holdings
• Original Assignee: Orchid Biosciences Incorporated (Laboratory Corporation Of America Holdings)
• Inventors: Moroney, Richard Morgan III, Mcbride, Sterling Eduard
• Primary Examiner(s): LUDLOW, JAN M
• Application Number:
  US09/349,550
• Time in Patent Office: 753 Days
• Field of Search: 422/61, 422/58, 422/102, 422/100, 436/180
• US Class Current: 436/180
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00317 Microwell devices, i.e. having large numbers of wells
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00351 Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00353 Pumps
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00389 Feeding through valves
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5025 for parallel transport of multiple samples
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/2575 Volumetric liquid transfer

Abstract

A fluid distribution system has a microfluidic device that has a main channel with a plurality of branches extending therefrom. The main channel has a length. The main channel and the branches are coupled through a plurality of apertures with aperture diameters. The aperture diameters progressively increase along said length of the main channel to allow fluid to more evenly be distributed to the branches.

Claims

1. A fluid distribution system comprising:

a microfluidic device having a plurality of layers;

a main channel within said microfluidic device having a plurality of branches extending therefrom, said main channel having a length;

said main channel and said branches coupled through a plurality of apertures, each with a respective aperture diameter, said aperture diameters progressively increasing along said length,

each of said plurality of branches comprises an interlayer channel extending substantially through one of said plurality of layers, said interlayer channel extending from said main channel through a respective one of said plurality of apertures, a cell feed directly fluidically coupled to said interlayer channel, and a capillary break directly fluidically coupled to said cell feed.

2. A fluid distribution system as recited in claim 1 further comprising a well feed fluidically coupled to said capillary break.

3. A fluid distribution system as recited in claim 1 further comprising a back flow valve coupled in series with said capillary break.

4. A fluid distribution system comprising:

a microfluidic device having,

a top layer;

a second layer adjacent to the top layer;

a third layer adjacent to the second layer;

a fourth layer adjacent to the third layer and a well plate adjacent to the fourth layer,

said microfluidic device having a main channel having a fluid inlet, said main channel defined between said second layer and said third layer, a plurality of cell feeds extending from said main channel through a respective one of a plurality of interlayer feed holes defined within said second layer, each of said feed holes having a respective feed hole diameter which is a function of the distance from said fluid input.

5. A fluid distribution system as recited in claim 4 wherein said apertures progressively increase as a function of the distance from said fluid input.

6. A fluid distribution system as recited in claim 4 further comprising a capillary break fluidically coupled to said cell feed.

7. A fluid distribution system as recited in claim 6 further comprising a well feed fluidically coupled to said capillary break.

8. A fluid distribution system as recited in claim 6 further comprising a back flow valve coupled in series with said a capillary break.

9. A method of distributing fluid comprising the steps of:

pumping fluid into a channel of a microfluidic device, said microfluidic device having a main channel with a plurality of branches extending therefrom, each of said plurality of branches comprising an interlayer channel extending from said main channel through a respective one of said plurality of apertures, a cell feed directly fluidically coupled to said interlayer channel, and a capillary break directly fluidically coupled to said cell feed; and

substantially uniformly distributing fluid to a plurality of branches through said plurality of apertures having increasing diameters corresponding to the distance from the fluid input.