Method and system for producing interactive three-dimensional renderings of selected body organs having hollow lumens to enable simulated movement through the lumen

• US 6,272,366 B1
• Filed: 10/16/1996
• Issued: 08/07/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 10/27/1994
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Wake Forest University Health Sciences
• Original Assignee: Wake Forest University
• Inventors: Vining, David J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Casler, Brian L.
• Application Number:
  US08/734,427
• Time in Patent Office: 1,756 Days
• Field of Search: 600/407, 600/410, 600/425, 600/560, 600/420, 600/431, 378/4, 378/901, 345/419-443, 345/952, 128/920
• US Class Current: 600/407
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/027 characterised by the use of a particular data acquisition trajectory, e.g. helical or spiral
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 15/08 Volume rendering
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 17/20 Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 19/003 Navigation within 3D models or images
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10081 Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10136 3D ultrasound image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30028 Colon; Small intestine
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30032 Colon polyp
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30064 Lung nodule
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2210/08 Bandwidth reduction
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2210/41 Medical
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/0012 Biomedical image inspection
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/11 Region-based segmentation
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/155 involving morphological operators
• CPC Class Codes: G09B 23/285 for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 9/3141 Constructional details thereof details not peculiar to the presence of an electronic spatial light modulator G03B21/14
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/92 Computer assisted medical diagnostics

Abstract

A method and system are provided for effecting interactive, three-dimensional renderings of selected body organs for purposes of medical observation and diagnosis. A series of CT images of the selected body organs are acquired. The series of CT images is stacked to form a three-dimensional volume file. To facilitate interactive three-dimensional rendering, the three-dimensional volume file may be subjected to an optional dataset reduction procedure to reduce pixel resolution and/or to divide the three-dimensional volume file into selected subvolumes. From a selected volume or subvolume, the image of a selected body organ is segmented or isolated. A wireframe model of the segmented organ image is then generated to enable interactive, three-dimensional rendering of the selected organ.

Claims

1. A method of imaging a colon to obtain a desired cross-sectional image of at least one substantially thin segment of the colon, which image is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the colon lumen, comprising the steps of:

(a) inflating the colon with gas;

(b) scanning the abdominal region by using scanner means to obtain initial sets of data representing a plurality of first cross-sectional images of the entire colon taken along the longitudinal axis of the abdomen;

(c) storing said initial sets of data in a memory;

(d) processing said initial sets of data to reconstruct a three-dimensional image of the colon;

(e) storing data representing said three-dimensional image in said memory;

(f) displaying said three-dimensional image on a display;

(g) using input means to select at least one substantially thin segment of said displayed three-dimensional image;

(h) processing said initial sets of data and said three-dimensional image data to calculate a reconstructed cross-sectional image for said at least one segment that is disposed in perpendicular relation to the longitudinal axis of the colon lumen; and

(i) storing data representing said reconstructed cross-sectional image in memory.

2. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein reconstructed cross-sectional images are calculated for additional contiguous substantially thin segments along the length of the entire colon.

3. A method as recited in claim 2 wherein said processing step of said initial data and said three-dimensional image data uses the parameters of smallest cross-sectional diameter, area and circumference as applied to said segments to calculate said reconstructed cross-sectional images.

4. A method as recited in claim 3 further comprising the steps of retrieving said data representing said reconstructed cross-sectional images from memory and displaying said reconstructed cross-sectional images on said display.

5. A method as recited in claim 3 wherein said selecting step comprises selecting segments each having a thickness in the range of 1-10 millimeters.

6. A method as recited in claim 4 further comprising the step of displaying said cross-sectional images on display in a sequential order corresponding to the sequence of said segments along the length of said colon.

7. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein said scanning step is carried out with a computed tomographic scanner.

8. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein said scanning step is carried out with a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus.

9. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein said inflating step is carried out utilizing a pump apparatus having an enema tip which is inserted into the rectum.

10. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein said inflating step is carried out utilizing a gas selected from the group consisting of ambient air and carbon dioxide.

11. A method as recited in claim 1 wherein said processing step of said initial data comprises processing said initial sets of data to reconstruct a three-dimensional model of the gas-filled lumen of the colon.

12. A method of imaging a viscous tubular structure within a body to obtain a desired cross-sectional image of at least one substantially thin segment of said viscous tubular structure, which image is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lumen of said viscous tubular structure, comprising the steps of:

(a) inflating said viscous tubular structure;

(b) scanning the body region wherein said viscous tubular structure is located by using scanner means to obtain initial sets of data representing a plurality of first cross-sectional images of said viscous tubular structure taken along the longitudinal axis of the bodily region;

(c) storing said initial sets of data in a memory;

(d) processing said initial sets of data to reconstruct a three-dimensional image of said viscous tubular structure;

(e) storing data representing said three-dimensional image in said memory;

(f) displaying said three-dimensional image on a display;

(g) using input means to select at least one substantially thin segment of said displayed three-dimensional image;

(h) processing said initial sets of data and said three-dimensional image data to calculate a reconstructed cross-sectional image for said at least one segment that is disposed in perpendicular relation to the longitudinal axis of the lumen of said viscous tubular structure; and

(i) storing data representing said reconstructed cross-sectional image in memory.