Apparatus and method for terrain model reproduction

• US 6,272,448 B1
• Filed: 04/16/1997
• Issued: 08/07/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/1994
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kobashigawa
• Original Assignee: Kobashigawa
• Inventors: Ishii, Masaharu
• Primary Examiner(s): Teska, Kevin J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): PHAN, THAI Q
• Application Number:
  US08/817,483
• Time in Patent Office: 1,574 Days
• Field of Search: 364/578, 701/212, 345/429, 345/428, 382/113, 382/199, 382/266, 382/278, 382/274, 703/2, 703/3, 703/9, 702/167, 708/445, 342/22, 342/25, 342/26, 342/191, 342/192
• US Class Current: 703/2
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 17/05 Geographic models

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus which reproduce a digital terrain model (DTM) from contour data with geomorphological consistency and natural features including fine folds. An initial DTM h_o is produced (step 101), and set h_o as an initial value (step 102). Then the operator T which smooths the elevational values along flowing water lines or the neighborhood of the lines is operated on the DTM h (step 103), further the operator B which sets the boundary values by substituting the contour data is operated on the DTM h (step 104). The number n of operating times of the steps 103 and 104 is checked (step 105). If n is less than preset number n_max, return to the step 103 and if n reaches n_max, go to the step 106 and the DTM h is output.

Claims

1. A terrain model production apparatus comprising:

a first means for setting an initial terrain model calculated as a function defined on two-dimensional plane from contour data; and

a second means for producing a terrain model by solving a boundary value problem including an operator which smoothes elevational values of a terrain model along flowing water lines or their neighborhoods with said contour data as boundary values by an iterative method with said initial terrain model.

2. A terrain model production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said operator includes an integration means for at least locally calculating the flowing water lines by integrating the gradient vector field of a terrain model, which is calculated beforehand and a smoothing means for smoothing unevenness of the elevational values on each flowing water line of said terrain model along the respective flowing water line or its neighborhoods.

3. A terrain model production apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said operator includes a detection means for finding a ridge area and a valley area of a terrain model and a smoothing means for operating two-dimensionally in the neighborhoods of a point Where said gradient vector becomes zero, said smoothing means reducing the degree of the smoothing in an area found by said detection means.

4. A terrain model production apparatus according to claim 1 further comprising:

a third means for producing a terrain model of low precision from said first means and second means by setting a quantization unit in a defined domain of the terrain model larger than required precision;

a fourth means for producing the terrain model by applying said second means to the initial value set by changing said quantization unit smaller and correspondingly magnifying said terrain model through interpolation; and

a fifth means for recursively producing the terrain model by iteratively using the fourth means till reaching the required precision.

5. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said magnification through interpolation is a higher order interpolation using the elevational values of larger area than the nearest neighbourhood of the interpolation points.

6. A terrain model modification apparatus comprising:

means for storing a terrain model as an initial value; and

a modificatory filter operable once or recursively on the stored terrain model which smoothes elevational values along flowing water lines or their neighborhoods.

7. A terrain model production method comprising:

a first step of setting an initial terrain model calculated as a function defined on two-dimensional plane from contour data; and

a second step of producing a terrain model by solving a boundary value problem including an operator which smoothes elevational values of a terrain model along flowing water lines or their neighborhoods with said contour data as boundary values by an iterative method with said initial terrain model.

8. A terrain model visualization method comprising:

a first step of producing a terrain model by the method of claim 7;

a second step of determining a tone of a point of the terrain model by setting at least one imaginary light source and using at least one element from among elements which are the elevational value of the point, the gradient vector of the terrain surface at the point, the ray direction at the point and the irradiance at the point; and

a third step of visualizing a tone determined by the second step.

9. A recording medium in which a visualized data produced by a method of claim 8 is stored.

10. A method for printing a terrain model, comprising the steps of:

setting a toned figure produced by a method of claim 8; and

printing the toned figure.

11. A terrain model print produced by a method of claim 10.

12. A projected terrain model visualization method comprising:

a first step of producing a terrain model by the method of claim 7;

a second step of projecting a point of the terrain model with setting an imaginary observation point, an imaginary projection plane and at least one imaginary light source;

a third step of determining a tone of a point of the terrain model by using at least one element from among elements which are the elevational value of the point, the position of the point from the observation point, the gradient vecto of the terrain surface at the point, the ray direction at the point and the irradiation at the point; and

a fourth step of visualizing a tone determined by the third step.

13. A recording medium in which a visualized data produced by a method of claim 10 is stored.

14. A method for printing a terrain model, comprising the steps of:

setting a toned figure produced by a method of claim 12; and

printing the toned figure.

15. A terrain model print produced by a method of claim 14.

16. A recording medium in which a terrain model produced by a method of claim 7 is stored.

17. A terrain model production method comprising:

a first step of setting contour data as boundary values; and

a second step of calculating a terrain model as a function defined on two-dimensional plane by at least simulating rain erosion under a boundary condition set by the first step.

18. A recording medium in which a terrain model produced by a method of claim 17 is stored.

19. In a terrain modeling method operable on a computer for reproducing a terrain model with geomorphological consistency and natural features including folds, the improvement comprising:

a first step of setting a terrain model as an initial value; and

a second step of operating an operator once or recursively which smoothes elevational values of the terrain model along flowing water lines or their neighborhoods.

20. A recording medium in which a computer program is stored, said program being provided for executing:

calculating a terrain model as a function defined on a two-dimensional plane from contour data and setting said model as an initial terrain model; and

producing a terrain model by solving a boundary value problem including an operator which smoothes elevational values of a terrain model along following water lines or their neighborhoods with contours as the boundary values by an iterative method with said initial terrain model.