Polymer battery for internal light device

• US 6,273,904 B1
• Filed: 03/02/1999
• Issued: 08/14/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 03/02/1999
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Light Sciences Oncology, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Light Sciences Corporation
• Inventors: Brown, David J., McQuade, Charles M., Chen, James C., Wilkerson, Brian D., Huston, Darrin
• Primary Examiner(s): GIBSON, ROY DEAN
• Application Number:
  US09/260,923
• Time in Patent Office: 896 Days
• Field of Search: 607/88, 607/89, 607/90, 607/92, 607/9, 607/33-37, 604/20, 606/2, 606/3, 606/7, 606/10-14
• US Class Current: 607/88
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/0601 Apparatus for use inside the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 5/062 Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/181 with polymeric electrolytes

Abstract

Several different embodiments of a flexible polymer battery are disclosed in connection with providing a medical therapy. For example, the electrical current from the polymer battery may be used to energize light sources for administering light therapy. In one embodiment, the polymer battery is formed as a substantially elongate structure having one end attached to an internal receiver coil, and the other end attached to a medical device such as a light probe that is adapted to be implanted within a patient'"'"'s body. The polymer battery thus provides a conductive link between the internal receiver coil, which is electromagnetically coupled to an external transmitter coil for recharging the battery, and the light probe which is energized with current supplied by the flexible polymer battery. In another embodiment, the polymer battery is used to support a substrate on which a plurality of light sources are mounted in spaced-apart array. Yet other forms of the invention include polymer batteries within capsules or bead to energize light sources contained therein. The beads include receiver coils for recharging the polymer battery. Further, because of their small size, the beads or capsules are readily moved or held at a treatment site with an external magnet while therapy is rendered. Since a polymer battery includes very little metal, it is less likely to cause artifacts when the patient'"'"'s body is imaged.

Claims

1. Apparatus for providing a medical therapy at a treatment site inside a patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

(a) a medical device that administers the medical therapy when energized by an electrical current;

(b) a polymer battery that is coupled to the medical device to supply the electrical current, the polymer battery having a polymer electrolyte that enables said polymer battery to be readily formed in at least one of three configurations, including;

(i) a first configuration in which the polymer battery is elongate and integrally attached at one end to the medical device;

(ii) a second configuration in which the polymer battery comprises one of a housing and a substrate for the medical device; and

(iii) a third configuration in which the polymer battery and the medical device together comprise a capsule; and

(c) an envelope for hermetically enclosing the polymer battery in the first configuration, and for hermetically enclosing both the polymer battery and the medical device in the second and third configurations, the envelope preventing fluids within the patient'"'"'s body from contacting the polymer battery.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a regulator that regulates one of a voltage and the electrical current supplied to the medical device.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a switch that controls the electrical current flowing from the polymer battery to the medical device.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the switch is activated by one of a pressure, a radio signal, a light signal, and a magnetic field.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the polymer battery is adapted to connect to a source of a charging current disposed within the patient'"'"'s body to charge the polymer battery.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an electrical conductor coupled between an anode of the polymer battery and the medical device, and another electrical conductor coupled between a cathode of the polymer battery and the medical device.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the medical device comprises at least one of a plurality of light sources for administering a light therapy to the treatment site.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a receiver coil that produces a charging electrical current when the receiver coil is exposed to a varying magnet field, said polymer battery being connected to the receiver coil to receive the charging electrical current, to charge the polymer battery.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the envelope is substantially bead shaped, said envelope being sized and shaped for injection into the patient'"'"'s body.

10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the envelope is substantially capsule shaped, said envelope being adapted for oral ingestion by the patient.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the envelope is substantially bead shaped, the envelope hermetically enclosing both the polymer battery and the medical device and being adapted for injection into the patient'"'"'s body.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the envelope is substantially capsule shaped, the envelope hermetically enclosing both the polymer battery and the medical device and being adapted for oral ingestion by the patient.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a receiver coil enclosed within the envelope, said receiver coil being coupled to the polymer battery, enabling the polymer battery to be recharged when the receiver coil is exposed to a varying magnetic field, the varying magnetic field inducing an electrical charging current to flow in the receiver coil that charges the polymer battery.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the polymer battery is adapted to connect to a receiver coil implanted within the patient'"'"'s body, said receiver coil being spaced apart from the medical device and coupled thereto by the polymer battery.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the polymer battery is charged by a charge current supplied by the implanted receiver coil, said charge current being induced in the implanted receiver coil by a varying magnetic field supplied from outside the patient'"'"'s body.

16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the substrate of the second configuration of the polymer battery supports a plurality of light sources arranged in a spaced-apart array, said substrate being sufficiently flexible to conform around or within a substantially non-planar treatment site within the patient'"'"'s body.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the plurality of light sources are coupled to an anode and a cathode disposed on the substrate.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising at least one of:

(a) a low voltage sensor that interrupts current flow from the polymer battery to the medical device if a voltage of the polymer battery drops below a predefined level;

(b) an over current sensor that is usable to detect an excess charging current applied to the polymer battery; and

(c) a charge state indicator that provides an indication of a shelf charge state of the polymer battery.

19. Apparatus for providing a light therapy at a treatment site inside a patient'"'"'s body, comprising:

(a) a light source adapted for use inside a patient'"'"'s body, the light source producing light to administer the light therapy when energized by an electrical current; and

(b) a polymer battery adapted for use inside a patient'"'"'s body having an elongate cable-like configuration with opposite ends, one end being connected to the light source to provide the electrical current for energizing the light source to administer the light therapy, and the other end being adapted to couple to a source of an electrical current for charging the polymer battery.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising means for hermetically enclosing the light source and the polymer battery, to provide protection from fluids within the patient'"'"'s body.

21. For use within a patient'"'"'s body, a method for supplying an electrical current to energize a medical device, comprising the steps of:

(a) implanting a polymer battery inside the patient'"'"'s body;

(b) coupling said polymer battery electrically with the medical device, said polymer battery having a polymer electrolyte that enables said polymer battery to be readily formed in at least one of three configurations, including;

(i) a first configuration in which the polymer battery is elongate and is integrally attached at one end to the medical device;

(ii) a second configuration in which the polymer battery comprises one of a housing and a substrate for the medical device; and

(iii) a third configuration in which the polymer battery and the medical device together comprise a capsule; and

(c) supplying the electrical current to energize the medical device with the polymer battery.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising the step of providing one or more hermetically sealed envelopes to protect the polymer battery and the medical device from contact with fluids within the patient'"'"'s body.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising the steps of providing an implanted recharging coil that is coupled to the polymer battery;

and, energizing the implanted recharging coil with an electromagnetic field, producing a charging electrical current in the implanted recharging coil that charges the polymer battery.

24. A method for supplying an electrical current to energize a medical device implanted within a patient'"'"'s body, comprising the steps of:

(a) providing a polymer battery configured as a substrate having an upper surface, a lower surface, and sides;

(b) supporting the medical device on the substrate comprising the polymer battery; and

(c) electrically coupling the polymer battery to the medical device, so that electrical current flows from the polymer battery to the medical device to energize the medical device.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the substrate comprises a sheet for supporting the medical device.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein the medical device comprises a plurality of light sources that are arranged in a spaced-apart array on the substrate, said light sources being used to administer a light therapy to a treatment site within the patient'"'"'s body.

27. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step of hermetically enclosing the medical device and the polymer battery in a biocompatible envelope that is adapted to be ingested by a patient.

28. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step of hermetically enclosing the medical device and the polymer battery in a biocompatible envelope, forming a bead that is adapted for injection into the patient'"'"'s body.

29. The method of claim 24, further comprising the steps of:

(a) providing an electromagnetic receiver coil that is electrically coupled to the polymer battery to supply a charging current and is adapted to be energized with an externally applied electromagnetic field;

(b) supplying the electromagnetic field to produce the charging current in the electromagnetic receiver coil;

(c) recharging the polymer battery with the charging current after the polymer battery has become at least partially discharged.

30. The method of claim 24, further comprising the step of regulating at least one of a voltage and a current supplied to energize the medical device.

31. The method of claim 24, further comprising the steps of:

(a) sensing a voltage of the polymer battery; and

(b) interrupting the electrical current supplied to the medical device from the polymer battery if the voltage of the polymer battery decreases below a predefined level.

32. Apparatus for delivering a medical treatment to a patient, comprising:

(a) a medical device that is adapted to deliver the medical treatment to the patient; and

(b) a housing for the medical device, said housing being disposed around at least a portion of the medical device, said housing comprising a polymer battery that includes a polymer electrolyte and a plurality of electrodes that are electrically connected to the medical device, said polymer battery supplying an electrical current to energize the medical device.

33. Apparatus for delivering an electrical current to energize a medical device used by an ambulatory patient, comprising:

(a) a housing, said housing being formed of a polymer battery that includes an outer electrode, an inner electrode, and a polymer electrolyte disposed between the outer electrode and the inner electrode, said outer electrode defining a substantial portion of a shape of the housing; and

(b) a lead having a connection with the polymer battery, said lead conveying electrical current supplied thereby to the medical device.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, further comprising a display mounted in the housing, said display indicating one of a condition of the polymer battery and a parameter related to the electrical current supplied to the medical device.