Flame detection apparatus and method

• US 6,278,374 B1
• Filed: 05/05/2000
• Issued: 08/21/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Haldor Topsã¸E A/S (Haldor Topsã¸E Holding A/S)
• Original Assignee: Kellogg, Brown & Root, Inc. (Halliburton Company)
• Inventors: Ganeshan, Ram
• Primary Examiner(s): MULLEN, THOMAS J
• Application Number:
  US09/565,902
• Time in Patent Office: 473 Days
• Field of Search: 340/578, 431/78, 431/79, 250/554
• US Class Current: 340/578
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 2229/20 Camera viewing
• CPC Class Codes: F23N 5/082 using electronic means
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/12 Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions

Abstract

The present invention relates to flame detection apparatus and method. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for monitoring the status of a combustion unit having at least one bumer. Initially, a digital image of a flame corresponding to a flame is acquired. Next, a value for the relative light intensity of a frame defining an area of the image corresponding to the flame for the burner is calculated. The relative light intensity value is compared against a tolerance range for the frame. If the relative light intensity value is outside the tolerance range then an alarm state output is generated.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the status of a combustion unit having at least one burner, comprising the steps of:

(a) acquiring a digital image of a flame corresponding to the burner;

(b) calculating a value for the relative light intensity of a frame defining an area of the image corresponding to the flame for the burner;

(c) comparing the relative light intensity value against a tolerance range for the frame;

(d) generating an alarm state output if the relative light intensity value is outside said tolerance range.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the area of the frame is substantially less than a total area of the image.

3. The method of claim 1 further comprising generating a display of the digital image.

4. The method of claim 3 further comprising operatively coupling said alarm state output with said display to superimpose an alarm state display over said image in the display.

5. A method for monitoring the status of a combustion unit having a plurality of burners, comprising the steps of:

(a) acquiring a digital image of a plurality of flames corresponding to the burners;

(b) calculating an array of relative light intensity values for a plurality of frames, each frame defining an area of the image corresponding to the flame for one of the burners;

(c) comparing the relative light intensity values against a tolerance range for each frame;

(d) generating an alarm state output for each relative light intensity value that is outside said tolerance range.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein the combustion unit comprises a multi-burner furnace.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein the image is acquired by a digital camera operatively mounted on a sight glass through which the flames in the furnace can be seen.

8. The method of claim 5 wherein the image is acquired by a digital camera positioned to view the flames.

9. The method of claim 5 wherein each relative light intensity value is relative to a light intensity of a baseline frame for a normal flame for each respective burner.

10. The method of claim 5 further comprising generating a display of the digital image.

11. The method of claim 10 further comprising superimposing outlines in said display corresponding to said frames.

12. The method of claim 11 further comprising the superimposing an alarm state image in said display for each alarm state output.

13. The method of claim 11 further comprising displaying the outlines in a first visual mode for each frame corresponding to a relative light intensity value within said tolerance range, and in a second visual mode contrastingly different from said first visual mode for each frame corresponding to an alarm state output.

14. The method of claim 5 wherein a series of the digital images are acquired at periodic time intervals and steps (b) through (d) are repeated for each digital image.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the periodic time intervals are regular and wherein each is less than one second.

16. Apparatus for monitoring the status of a combustion unit having a plurality of burners, comprising:

a digital camera positioned adjacent the combustion unit for acquiring a digital image of a plurality of flames corresponding to the bumers;

a computer operatively coupled with the camera to receive the digital image, said computer programmed to (1) calculate an array of light intensity values relative to a baseline light intensity value for a plurality of frames, each frame defining a sub-area of the digital image corresponding to the flame for one of the burners, (2) compare the relative light intensity values against a tolerance range for each frame, and (3) generate an alarm state output for each relative light intensity value that is outside the tolerance range;

an alarm system activated by the alarm state output.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the combustion unit comprises a furnace and the camera is mounted to a sight glass.