Microdosing device and method for operating same

• US 6,280,148 B1
• Filed: 08/17/1999
• Issued: 08/28/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 02/19/1997
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Zyrus BeteiligungsGmbH & Company Patente I KG
• Original Assignee: Hahn-Schickard-Gesellschaft für angewandte Forschung e.V.
• Inventors: Zengerle, Roland, Freygang, Michael, Stehr, Manfred, Ashauer, Matthias, Messner, Stephan, Rossberg, Rainer
• Primary Examiner(s): Freay, Charles G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): GRAY, MICHAEL KUHN
• Application Number:
  US09/367,664
• Time in Patent Office: 742 Days
• Field of Search: 417/44.1, 417/212, 417/413.2, 417/413.3
• US Class Current: 417/44.1
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00351 Means for dispensing and evacuation of reagents
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00364 Pipettes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00378 Piezoelectric or ink jet dispensers
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2200/146 Employing pressure sensors
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0816 Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0887 Laminated structure
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0406 capillary forces
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0439 ultrasonic vibrations, vibrating piezo elements
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0487 fluid pressure, pneumatics
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/0265 using valves to interrupt or meter fluid flow, e.g. using solenoids or metering valves
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/0268 using pulse dispensing or spraying, eg. inkjet type, piezo actuated ejection of droplets from capillaries
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5027 by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip B01L3/5023 takes precedence; micromixers B01F33/30; microreactors for synthesis B01J19/0093; microcapillary devices in general B81B1/00
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 9/0413 with reciprocating pumps, e.g. membrane pump, piston pump, bellow pump B05B9/0409 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 19/006 Micropumps F04B43/043 and F04B43/095 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 2201/0201 Position of the piston
• CPC Class Codes: F04B 43/046 with piezoelectric drive
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 11/08 of the diaphragm or bellows type
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2035/00237 Handling microquantities of analyte, e.g. microvalves, capillary networks
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00 Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
• CPC Class Codes: H10N 30/00 : Piezoelectric or electrostrictive devices integrated devices or assemblies of multiple devices H10N39/00

Abstract

A microdosing device comprises a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer, an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to be changed by actuating the displacer, a media reservoir which is in fluid comunication with the pressure chamber via a first fluid line, and an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a second fluid line. The microdosing device additionally comprises a means for detecting the respective position of the displacer and a control means which is connected to the actuating device and to the means for detecting the position of the displacer, said control means controlling the actuating device on the basis of the detected position of the displacer or on the basis of displacer positions detected during at least one preceding dosing cycle so as to cause the discharge of a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening. The control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of low edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from a first position to a predetermined second position, the second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than the first position. In addition, the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of high edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from the second position to the first position for discharging in this way a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening.

Claims

1. A microdosing device comprising:

a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer;

an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to be changed by actuating the displacer,

a media reservoir which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a first fluid line;

an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a second fluid line;

a means for detecting the position of the displacer; and

a control means which is connected to the actuating device and to the means for detecting the position of the displacer and which controls the actuating device on the basis of the detected position of the displacer or on the basis of displacer positions detected during at least one preceding dosing cycle so as to cause the discharge of a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening,

wherein the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of low edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from a first position to a predetermined second position, said second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than said first position; and

that the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of high edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from the second position to the first position for discharging in this way a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening.

2. A microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein an active or a passive valve is arranged in the fluid line between the media reservoir and the pressure chamber, said valve being used for preventing a return flow of fluid from the pressure chamber to the media reservoir.

3. A microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber, the displacer and the means for detecting the position of the displacer are implemented as micromechanically produced structures.

4. A microdosing device according to claim 3, wherein the displacer is realized as a stiffened membrane etched in a silicon wafer, and wherein the means for detecting the position of the displacer is realized by piezoresistive elements provided in or on the membrane.

5. A microdosing device according to claim 4, wherein at least parts of the first and second fluid lines, the outlet opening and the pressure chamber are defined by structures in the silicon wafer and/or a borosilicate glass plate connected to said silicon wafer.

6. A microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber has additionally arranged therein means for detecting the pressure in said pressure chamber.

7. A microdosing device according to claim 3, wherein the actuating device is a piezo-stack actuator, said means for detecting the position of the displacer being realized by a strain gauge provided on the piezo-stack actuator.

8. A microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the outer surround of the outlet opening is coated with a hydrophobic material.

9. A microdosing device according to claim 3, wherein the actuating device and the control means are fixedly installed in a housing, whereas the pressure chamber, the displacer and the means for detecting the position of the displacer are adapted to be replaceably installed in the housing.

10. A microdosing device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet opening is formed by an array comprising a plurality of openings.

16. A method of operating the microdosing device according to claim 1, comprising

a) controlling the actuating device with a signal of low edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from a first position to a predetermined second position, said second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than said first position;

b) controlling the actuating device with a signal of high edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from the second position to the first position for discharging in this way a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening.

17. A method according to claim 16, wherein, prior to step a), a step is carried out in which the fluid lines and the pressure chamber are filled with a fluid from the media reservoir.

18. A method according to claim 16, wherein, after step a), the control signal for the actuating device is held on a level for a predetermined period of time, said signal level causing the displacer to remain at the second position.

19. A method according to claim 16, wherein, in step b), the actuating device is controlled in such a way that the displacer, when moving to the first position, is initially moved beyond said first position by means of said actuating device before it finally reaches said first position.

20. A method according to claim 16, wherein, during control of the actuating device in step a), a return flow through the first fluid line during step b) is compensated for with the aid of the control means so that a defined volume of fluid will be discharged in step b).

21. A method according to claim 16, wherein the displacer, when at its first position, occupies a pretensioned position in such a way that, due to the control of the actuating device in step a), the displacer will be moved to the second position by a restoring force.

11. A microdosing device array consisting of a plurality of microdosing devices arranged side by side and adapted to be addressed individually, said microdosing devices comprising:

a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer;

an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to be changed by actuating the displacer,

a media reservoir which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a first fluid line;

an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a second fluid line;

a means for detecting the position of the displacer; and

a control means which is connected to the actuating device and to the means for detecting the position of the displacer and which controls the actuating device on the basis of the detected position of the displacer or on the basis of displacer positions detected during at least one preceding dosing cycle so as to cause the discharge of a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening,

wherein the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of low edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from a first position to a predetermined second position, said second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than said first position; and

that the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of high edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from the second position to the first position for discharging in this way a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening.

12. A microdosing device array according to claim 11, wherein the pressure chambers, the displacers and the fluid lines of a first number of microdosing devices are formed by a first silicon layer having a main surface thereof connected to a first main surface of a glass plate, whereas the pressure chambers the displacers and the fluid lines of a second number of microdosing devices are formed by a second silicon layer having a main surface thereof connected to the second main surface of the glass plate.

13. A pipetting device comprising:

a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer;

an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to be changed by actuating the displacer,

an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a fluid line;

a means for detecting the position of the displacer; and

a control means which is connected to the actuating device and to the means for detecting the position of the displacer and which controls the actuating device on the basis of the detected position of the displacer or on the basis of displacer positions detected during at least one preceding pipetting cycle so as to cause a defined volume of fluid to be sucked in through and/or discharged from the outlet opening, wherein

the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of low edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from a first position to a predetermined second position, said second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than said first position, and

the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of high edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from the second position to the first position for discharging in this way a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening.

14. A pipetting device according to claim 13, comprising in addition a media reservoir which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a further fluid line.

15. A pipetting device array consisting of a plurality of pipetting devices arranged side by side and adapted to be addressed individually, said pipetting devices comprising:

a pressure chamber which is at least partly delimited by a displacer,

an actuating device for actuating the displacer, the volume of the pressure chamber being adapted to be changed by actuating the displacer,

an outlet opening which is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber via a fluid line;

a means for detecting the position of the displacer; and

a control means which is connected to the actuating device and to the means for detecting the position of the displacer and which controls the actuating device on the basis of the detected position of the displacer or on the basis of displacer positions detected during at least one preceding pipetting cycle so as to cause a defined volume of fluid to be sucked in through and/or discharged from the outlet opening, wherein

the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of low edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from a first position to a predetermined second position, said second position of the displacer defining a larger volume of the pressure chamber than said first position, and

the control means comprises means for controlling the actuating device with a signal of high edge steepness so as to cause the displacer to move from the second position to the first position for discharging in this way a defined volume of fluid from the outlet opening.