Rechargeable battery structure with metal substrate

• US 6,280,875 B1
• Filed: 03/24/1999
• Issued: 08/28/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 03/24/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Excellatron Solid State, LLC
• Original Assignee: Teledyne Technologies Incorporated
• Inventors: Clarke, Robert A., Kwak, B. Leo, David, Richard F.
• Primary Examiner(s): Brouillette, Gabrielle
• Assistant Examiner(s): Martin, Angela J.
• Application Number:
  US09/275,466
• Time in Patent Office: 888 Days
• Field of Search: 429/231.95, 429/162, 429/127, 429/124, 429/218.1, 429/246, 429/247
• US Class Current: 429/162
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0562 Solid materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/04 Processes of manufacture in general
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/18 with solid electrolyte
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/188 Processes of manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

A thin-film rechargeable battery and its method of manufacture having a substrate over which may be formed layered battery components. The layered components include, in series, a first electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer. The layered arrangement reduces reactivity between the layered components and provides improved battery performance.

Claims

1. A thin-film rechargeable battery comprising a metallic substrate and including, in series, a first electrode layer and an electrolyte layer, each said layer overlaying said substrate.

2. The battery of claim 1, further comprising, in series, an electrode current collector and a second electrode layer overlaying said electrolyte layer, and wherein said first electrode layer is a cathode layer, said electrode current collector is an anode current collector, and said second electrode layer is an anode layer.

3. The battery of claim 1, further comprising, in series, a second electrode layer and an electrode current collector overlaying said electrolyte layer, and wherein said first electrode layer is a cathode layer, said electrode current collector is an anode current collector, and said second electrode layer is an anode layer.

4. The battery of claim 2 further comprising a cathode current collector underlying at least a portion of said cathode layer and in contact therewith.

5. The battery of claim 4 wherein said substrate is zirconium.

6. The battery of claim 4 further comprising a metal oxide layer underlying at least a portion of said cathode current collector and in contact therewith.

7. The battery of claim 1 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous lithium phosphorous nitride.

8. A thin-film rechargeable battery comprising a metallic substrate supporting a plurality of layered battery components.

9. The battery of claim 8 wherein said layered battery components include, in series, a first electrode, an electrolyte, an electrode current collector, and a second electrode.

10. The battery of claim 9 wherein said first electrode is a cathode, said second electrode is an anode, and said electrode current collector is an anode current collector.

11. The battery of claim 9 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous lithium phosphorus nitride.

12. The battery of claim 8 wherein said metallic substrate is zirconium.

13. The battery of claim 8 wherein said metallic substrate forms an electrically insulating, adherent thermal oxide upon annealing.

14. The battery of claim 8 wherein said layered battery components include, in series, a metal oxide, a first electrode current collector, a first electrode, an electrolyte, a second electrode current collector, and a second electrode.

15. The battery of claim 14 wherein said metallic substrate is zirconium.

16. The battery of claim 14 wherein said first electrode current collector is a cathode current collector, said first electrode is a cathode, said second electrode current collector is an anode current collector, and said second electrode is an anode.

17. The battery of claim 14 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous phosphorous nitride.

18. A thin-film rechargeable battery, comprising:

a metallic substrate;

a metal oxide layer overlaying at least a portion of said metallic substrate;

a first electrode current collector overlaying at least a portion of said metal oxide layer;

a first electrode overlaying at least a portion of said first electrode current collector;

an electrolyte overlaying at least a portion of at least one of said metal oxide and said first electrode;

a second electrode current collector overlaying at least a portion of said electrolyte; and

a second electrode overlaying at least a portion of at least one of said electrolyte and said electrode current collector.

19. The battery of claim 18 wherein said metallic substrate forms an electrically insulating, adherent thermal oxide upon annealing.

20. The battery of claim 19 wherein said metallic substrate is zirconium.

21. The battery of claim 18 wherein said first electrode is a cathode, said second electrode is an anode, said first electrode current collector is a cathode current collector, and said second current collector is an anode current collector.

22. The battery of claim 18 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous lithium phosphorous nitride.

23. A thin-film rechargeable battery, comprising:

a metallic substrate;

a first electrode overlaying at least a portion of said metallic substrate;

an electrolyte overlaying at least a portion of at least one of said metallic substrate and said first electrode;

an electrode current collector overlaying at least a portion of said electrolyte; and

a second electrode overlaying at least a portion of at least one of said electrolyte and said electrode current collector.

24. The battery of claim 23 wherein said first electrode is a cathode, said second electrode is an anode, and said electrode current collector is an anode current collector.

25. The battery of claim 23 wherein said electrolyte overlays both said first electrode and said metal substrate.

26. The battery of claim 23 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous lithium phosphorous nitride.

27. A thin-film rechargeable battery, comprising:

a metallic substrate;

a cathode current collector overlaying said substrate;

a cathode layer overlaying at least a portion of said cathode current collector;

an electrolyte layer overlaying at least a portion of at least one of said cathode and said substrate;

an anode current collector overlaying at least a portion of said electrolyte; and

an anode layer overlaying at least a portion of at least one of said electrolyte and said anode current collector.

28. The battery of claim 27 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous lithium phosphorus nitride.

29. A thin-film rechargeable battery comprising a metallic substrate and including, in series, a first electrode layer and an electrolyte layer, each said layer overlaying a metal oxide layer and said substrate.

30. The battery of claim 29, further comprising, in series, an electrode current collector and a second electrode layer overlaying said electrolyte layer, and wherein said first electrode layer is a cathode layer, said electrode current collector is an anode current collector, and said second electrode layer is an anode layer.

31. The battery of claim 29, further comprising, in series, a second electrode layer and an electrode current collector overlaying said electrolyte layer, and wherein said first electrode layer is a cathode layer, said electrode current collector is an anode current collector, and said second electrode layer is an anode layer.

32. The battery of claim 30, further comprising a cathode current collector underlying at least a portion of said cathode layer and in contact therewith.

33. The battery of claim 29, wherein said substrate is formed of a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium and zirconium.

34. A thin-film rechargeable battery comprising a metallic substrate supporting a plurality of layered battery components overlaying a metal oxide layer and said substrate.

35. The battery of claim 34 wherein said layered battery components include, in series, a first electrode current collector, a first electrode, an electrolyte, a second electrode current collector, and a second electrode.

36. The battery of claim 35 wherein said first electrode current collector is a cathode current collector, said first electrode is a cathode, said second electrode current collector is an anode current collector, and said second electrode is an anode.

37. The battery of claim 35 wherein said electrolyte is an amorphous lithium phosphorus nitride.

38. The battery of claim 34 wherein said metallic substrate is formed of a metal selected from the group consisting of zirconium and titanium.

39. The battery of claim 34 wherein said metal oxide layer is formed upon annealing.