Drive system with drive-motor, electric machine and battery

• US 6,281,646 B1
• Filed: 02/27/1998
• Issued: 08/28/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 08/31/1995
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Andreas Grundl, Bernhard Hoffmann, Thomas Pels
• Original Assignee: Grundl und Hoffman GmbH, Isad Electronic Systems GmbH & Co. KG
• Inventors: Gründl, Andreas, Hoffmann, Bernhard, Pels, Thomas, Masberg, Ullrich, Zeyen, Klaus-Peter
• Primary Examiner(s): Ip, Paul
• Application Number:
  US09/032,522
• Time in Patent Office: 1,278 Days
• Field of Search: 318/139, 318/50, 318/67, 318/146, 318/9, 318/10, 318/432, 318/87, 318/64, 318/140, 318/77, 318/376, 477/5, 477/179, 477/8, 477/13, 180/65.4, 180/65.2, 180/65.3, 180/69.3, 607/16, 607/11, 290/45
• US Class Current: 318/139
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/003 with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2006/262 the motor or generator are used as clutch, e.g. between engine and driveshaft
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2006/268 Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 28/16 responsive to, or preventing, skidding of wheels brake control systems for vehicle drive stability B60T8/1755; arrangements responsive to a speed condition for adjusting wheel braking force B60T8/32; control of vehicle driving stability otherwise than by controlling the propulsion unit only B60W30/02; preventing wheel slippage by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C15/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/22 characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/26 characterised by the motors or the generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/387 Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/44 Series-parallel type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2220/52 Clutch motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/443 Torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2270/145 Structure borne vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/003 Dynamic electric braking by short circuiting the motor
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/28 Eddy-current braking
• CPC Class Codes: B60T 1/10 by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/10 Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/0657 Engine torque
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 30/20 : Reducing vibrations in the driveline
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 67/04 : of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: F02B 75/06 : Engines with means for equalising torque
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 2250/24 : by using an external load, e.g. a generator
• CPC Class Codes: F02N 11/0866 : comprising several power sources, e.g. battery and capacitor or two batteries
• CPC Class Codes: F16F 15/1292 : characterised by arrangements for axially clamping or positioning or otherwise influencing the frictional plates
• CPC Class Codes: F16F 15/18 : using electric, magnetic or electromagnetic means suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of non-rotating magnetic or electromagnetic means F16F15/03; dynamo-electric devices H02K; control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients H02P9/10
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2061/0422 : by an electric machine, e.g. by accelerating or braking the input shaft
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 51/00 : Dynamo-electric gears, i.e. dynamo-electric means for transmitting mechanical power from a driving shaft to a driven shaft and comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/108 : with friction clutches
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/903 : having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/906 : Motor or generator
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/914 : Actuated, e.g. engaged or disengaged by electrical, hydraulic or mechanical means
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/946 : Characterized by control of driveline clutch
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/947 : Characterized by control of braking, e.g. blending of regeneration, friction braking
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/96 : having chargeable mechanical accumulator

Abstract

The invention concerns a drive system with a drive motor (1), especially the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, an electric machine (4), which provides additional driving action, and at least one short-duty battery (11), which furnishes at least some of the energy required during the driving action of the electric machine (4).

Claims

1. Drive system with

an internal combustion engine (1) serving as a drive motor,

an inverter-controlled rotary-current electric machine (4), which furnishes additional driving action,

an inverter (14) with an intermediate circuit at a voltage level higher than a low-voltage network,

at least one short-duty battery (11), which lies at the elevated voltage level of the intermediate circuit and which furnishes at least part of the energy required during the driving action of the electric machine (4).

2. Drive system per claim 1, in which the electric machine (4) also provides braking action and the energy generated in this can be saved up at least partially in the short-duty battery (11).

3. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) has a discharge time of less than 7 minutes, especially 4 minutes.

4. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the maximum discharge current of the short-duty battery (11) is more than 10 CA, especially 15 CA.

5. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the pulse current of the short-duty battery (11) is more than 100 A, especially 120 A.

6. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) has a power density of more than 250 W/kg, especially 300 W/kg.

7. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) has an overall capacity of less than 1200 Ah, especially 1000 Ah.

8. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is a secondary alkaline system.

9. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is a nickel/cadmium system.

10. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is a nickel/iron system.

11. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) has at least one sinter electrode (23).

12. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) has at least one fiber-structure electrode.

13. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is designed such that the energy stored up in it is suitable for starting the internal combustion engine (1).

14. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is designed such that the energy stored up in it is suitable for counteracting of rotational nonuniformities of the shaft (10), wherein the electric machine can load the shaft (10) with an accelerating torque for a negative rotational nonuniformity.

15. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is designed such that it can be charged with the energy obtained when counteracting the rotational nonuniformities of the shaft (4), wherein the electric machine (4) can load the shaft (10) with an braking torque for a positive rotational nonuniformity.

16. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is designed such that it can be charged with the energy obtained when braking the shaft (10) to reduce the drive slip.

17. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the short-duty battery (11) is designed such that the energy stored up in it is suitable for accelerating the shaft (10) to provide transmission synchronization, and it can be charged with the energy obtained when braking the shaft (10) for the transmission synchronization.

18. Drive system according to claim 1, in which a long-duty battery (13) is also provided besides the short-duty battery (11).

19. Drive system according to claim 1, in which a capacitor (12) is also provided besides the short-duty battery (11).

20. Drive system according to claim 1, in which the electric machine (4) also serves as a starter for the internal combustion engine (1).

21. Drive system according to claim 20, in which the electric machine also provides braking action and the energy generated in this can be saved up at least partially in the short-duty battery.

22. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery has a discharge time of less than 7 minutes, especially 4 minutes.

23. Drive system according to claim 20, in which the maximum discharge current of the short-duty battery is more than 10 CA, especially 15 CA.

24. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the pulse current of the short-duty battery is more than 100 A, especially 120 A.

25. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery has a power density of more than 250 W/kg, especially 300 W/kg.

26. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery has an overall capacity of less than 1200 Ah, especially 1000 Ah.

27. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is a secondary alkaline system.

28. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is a nickel/cadmium system.

29. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is a nickel/iron system.

30. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery has at least one sinter electrode.

31. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery has at least one fiber-structure electrode.

32. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is designed such that the energy stored up in it is suitable for counteracting of rotational nonuniformities of the shaft, wherein the electric machine can load the shaft (10) with an accelerating torque for a negative rotational nonuniformity.

33. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is designed such that it can be charged with the energy obtained when counteracting the rotational nonuniformities of the shaft, wherein the electric machine can load the shaft with an braking torque for a positive rotational nonuniformity.

34. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is designed such that it can be charged with the energy obtained when braking the shaft to reduce the drive slip.

35. Drive system according to claim 20 in which the short-duty battery is designed such that the energy stored up in it is suitable for accelerating the shaft to provide transmission synchronization, and it can be charged with the energy obtained when braking the shaft for the transmission synchronization.

36. Drive system according to claim 20 in which a long-duty battery is also provided besides the short-duty battery.

37. Drive system according to claim 20 in which a capacitor is also provided besides the short-duty battery.