Methods and apparatus for generating depth information mammography images

• US 6,292,531 B1
• Filed: 03/03/1999
• Issued: 09/18/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Hsieh, Jiang
• Primary Examiner(s): Church, Craig E.
• Application Number:
  US09/261,352
• Time in Patent Office: 930 Days
• Field of Search: 378/37, 378/26, 378/22
• US Class Current: 378/37
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/027 characterised by the use of a particular data acquisition trajectory, e.g. helical or spiral
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4028 resulting in acquisition of views from substantially different positions, e.g. EBCT
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/4233 using matrix detectors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 6/502 for diagnosis of breast, i.e. mammography

Abstract

The present invention, in one form, includes an imaging system having a moving x-ray source and a movable detector array to generate depth information mammography images. More specifically, the depth information images are generated by collecting projection data from a plurality of projection angles. In one embodiment, the projection angle is altered by alter the x-axis position of an x-ray source and a detector array so that the entire object of interest remains within the field of view of the imaging system. The depth information mammography images improve diagnosis and pathology location information.

Claims

1. A method for generating a three dimensional image of an object of interest using an imaging system, the imaging system including an x-ray source for emitting a cone x-ray beam and at least one x-ray detector array, said method comprising

scanning an object of interest from a first projection angle;

translating the x-ray source along a linear axis and tilting or rotating the at least one detector array relative to the linear axis;

scanning the object of interest from at least a second projection angle after said translating and said tilting or rotating;

collecting cone beam data for each said projection angle using the at least one detector array; and

generating cross-sectional images of the object of interest using the collected cone beam data.

2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein a projection angle of the x-ray beam with respect to the object of interest is altered between said scan from the first projection angle and said scan from at least a second projection angle.

3. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the x-ray source includes at least two focal spots, and wherein altering the projection angle of the x-ray beam comprises emitting the x-ray beam from a different selected focal spot for each projection angle.

4. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the x-ray source is substantially concave shaped and includes at least two focal spots, and wherein altering the projection angle of the x-ray beam comprises emitting the x-ray beam from a different selected focal spot for each projection angle.

5. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein the x-ray source is rotatable, and wherein altering the projection angle of the x-ray beam comprises rotating the x-ray source so that the x-ray beam is emitted for each projection angle.

6. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein each detector array is substantially concave shaped.

7. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the object of interest is at least one human female breast.

8. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein generating cross-sectional images of the object of interest using the collected cone beam data comprises performing a cone beam reconstruction of the data.

9. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the detector array is a digital detector array.

10. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the object of interest is two human breasts.

11. A method in accordance with claim 10 wherein the imaging system includes two detector arrays, and wherein collecting cone beam data for each projection angle using each detector array comprises:

collecting first cone beam data for a first breast with a first detector array; and

collecting second cone beam data for a second breast with a second detector array.

12. A method for generating a three dimensional image of an object of interest using an imaging system, the imaging system including an x-ray source for emitting a cone x-ray beam and at least one x-ray detector array, said method comprising:

scanning an object of interest from a first projection angle;

translating the x-ray source along a linear axis and tilting or rotating the at least one detector array relative to the linear axis;

scanning the object of interest from at least a second projection angle after said translating and said tilting or rotating;

collecting cone beam data for each said projection angle using the at least one detector array; and

generating cross-sectional images of the object of interest using the collected cone beam data;

wherein a projection angle of the x-ray beam with respect to the object of interest is altered between said scan from the first projection angle and said scan from at least a second projection angle, and wherein altering the projection angle of the x-ray beam comprises altering the position of the x-ray source and the at least one x-ray detector so that the object of interest remains within a field of view.

13. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein altering the position of the x-ray source and the at least one detector array comprises synchronously altering the position of the x-ray source and the position of the at least one detector array.

14. A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein the at least one detector array is rotatable, and wherein altering the projection angle of the x-ray beam comprises rotating the at least one detector array so that the x-ray beam is received perpendicular to an upper surface of each detector array for each projection angle.

15. An imaging system for generating a three dimensional image of an object of interest, said imaging system comprising an x-ray source for emitting a cone x-ray beam and at least one x-ray detector array, said system configured to:

scan an object of interest from a first projection angle;

translate said x-ray source along a linear axis and tilt or rotate said at least one detector array relative to the linear axis;

scan the object of interest from at least a second projection angle after the translation and said tilting or rotating;

collect cone beam data for each projection angle using said at least one detector array; and

generate cross-sectional images of the object of interest using said collected cone beam data.

16. A system in accordance with claim 15 further configured to alter the projection angle of the x-ray beam with respect to the object of interest between the scan from the first projection angle and the scan from at least a second projection angle.

17. A system in accordance with claim 16 wherein said x-ray source is rotatable, and wherein to alter the projection angle of said x-ray beam, said system configured to rotating said x-ray source so that said x-ray beam is emitted for each projection angle.

18. A system in accordance with claim 16 wherein said x-ray source comprises at least two focal spots, and wherein to alter the projection angle of the x-ray beam, said system configured to emit said x-ray beam from a different selected focal spot for each projection angle.

19. A system in accordance with claim 16 wherein said x-ray source is substantially concave shaped and comprises at least two focal spots, and wherein to alter the projection angle of said x-ray beam, said system configured to emit said x-ray beam from a different selected focal spot for each projection angle.

20. A system in accordance with claim 15 wherein each said detector array is substantially concave shaped.

21. A system in accordance with claim 15, said system further configured to scan at least one human breast from at least two projection angles.

22. A system in accordance with claim 15 wherein to generate cross-sectional images of the object of interest using the collected cone beam data, said system configured to perform a cone beam reconstruction of the data.

23. A system in accordance with claim 15 wherein said at least one detector array comprises a digital detector array.

24. A system in accordance with claim 15, said system further configured to scan two human breasts from at least two projection angles.

25. A system in accordance with claim 24 wherein said at least one detector array comprises a first detector array and a second detector array, and wherein to collect cone beam data for each projection angle using said at least one detector array, said system configured to:

collect first cone beam data for a first breast with said first detector array; and

collect second cone beam data for a second breast with said second detector array.

26. An imaging system for generating a three dimensional image of an object of interest, said imaging system comprising an x-ray source for emitting a cone x-ray beam and at least one x-ray detector array, said system configured to:

scan an object of interest from a first projection angle;

translate said x-ray source along a linear axis and tilt or rotate said at least one detector array relative to the linear axis;

scan the object of interest from at least a second projection angle after the translation and said tilting or rotating;

alter the projection angle of the x-ray beam with respect to the object of interest between the scan from the first projection angle and the scan from at least a second projection angle;

collect cone beam data for each projection angle using said at least one detector array;

generate cross-sectional images of the object of interest using said collected cone beam data;

wherein to alter the projection angle of the x-ray beam, said system configured to alter the position of said x-ray source and said at least one x-ray detector so that the object of interest remains within a field of view.

27. A system in accordance with claim 26 wherein to alter the position of said x-ray source and said at least one detector array, said system configured to synchronously alter the position of said x-ray source and the position of said at least one detector array.

28. A system in accordance with claim 26 wherein said at least one detector array is rotatable, and wherein to alter the projection angle of the x-ray beam, said system configured to rotate said at least one detector array so that the x-ray beam is received perpendicular to an upper surface of each said detector array for each projection angle.

29. A method for generating three dimensional images of two human breasts using an imaging system, the imaging system including an x-ray source for emitting a cone x-ray beam and two x-ray detector arrays, said method comprising:

scanning two human breasts from a first projection angle;

translating the x-ray source along a linear axis and tilting or rotating the two detector arrays relative to the linear axis;

scanning the two human breasts from at least a second projection angle after said translating and said tilting or rotating;

collecting cone beam data for each said projection angle using the two detector arrays; and

generating cross-sectional images of the two human breasts using the collected cone beam data;

wherein collecting cone beam data for each projection angle using the two detector arrays comprises;

collecting first cone beam data for a first breast with a first detector array of said two detector arrays; and

collecting second cone beam data for a second breast with a second detector array of said two detector arrays;

and wherein generating cross-sectional images of the two human breasts using the collected cone beam data comprises performing a cone beam reconstruction of the data.

30. An imaging system for generating three dimensional images of two human breasts, said imaging system comprising an x-ray source for emitting a cone x-ray beam and two x-ray detector arrays, said system configured to:

scan two human breasts from a first projection angle;

translate said x-ray source along a linear axis and tilt or rotate said two detector arrays relative to the linear axis;

scan the two human breasts from at least a second projection angle after the translation and said tilting or rotating;

collect cone beam data for each projection angle using said two detector arrays; and

generate cross-sectional images of the two human breasts using said collected cone beam data;

wherein said two detector arrays comprise a first detector array and a second detector array, and wherein to collect cone beam data for each projection angle using said two detector arrays, said system is configured to;

collect first cone beam data for a first breast with said first detector array; and

collect second cone beam data for a second breast with said second detector array;

and wherein to generate cross-sectional images of the object of interest using the collected cone beam data, said system is configured to perform a cone beam reconstruction of the data.