Method for providing connectionless data services over a connection-oriented satellite network by associating IP subnets with downlink beam identifiers

• US 6,295,283 B1
• Filed: 05/11/1999
• Issued: 09/25/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 05/11/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation (Northrop Grumman Corporation)
• Original Assignee: TRW Limited (Zeppelin - Stiftung der Stadt Friedrichshafen)
• Inventors: Falk, Aaron D.
• Primary Examiner(s): YAO, KWANG BIN
• Application Number:
  US09/309,952
• Time in Patent Office: 868 Days
• Field of Search: 370/315, 370/316, 370/319, 370/321, 370/322, 370/323, 370/325, 370/347, 370/348, 370/349, 370/352, 370/353, 370/354, 370/355, 370/389, 370/392, 370/393, 370/395, 370/396, 370/397, 370/398, 370/399, 370/466, 370/467, 370/474, 370/475, 455/12.1, 455/427, 455/428, 455/429, 455/430, 342/352, 342/354
• US Class Current: 370/325
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18584 Arrangements for data networking, i.e. for data packet routing, for congestion control data switching networks H04L12/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/2041 Spot beam multiple access
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0421 Circuit arrangements therefor
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13034 A/D conversion, code compression/expansion
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13201 Change-over of service during connection
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/1329 Asynchronous transfer mode, ATM
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13296 Packet switching, X.25, frame relay
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13333 Earth satellites

Abstract

A method for transferring a data message, in a connectionless manner between a selected source terminal and a selected destination terminal, in a communications network which supports connection-oriented communications. The network has a plurality of source and destination terminals in addition to satellites having up and downlink antenna beams. One of the uplink beams covers the selected source terminal and one of the downlink antenna beams covers the selected destination terminal. Downlink beam identifiers are assigned to each downlink antenna beam in the network. An address is assigned to each destination terminal so that the address of the selected destination terminal includes a downlink beam identifier of one downlink antenna beam in the network which covers the selected destination terminal. The downlink beam identifier is used to route the data message through the network.

Claims

1. A method for transferring a data message in a connectionless manner from a selected source terminal to a selected destination terminal, in a communications network which supports connection-oriented communications, the communications network having a plurality of source terminals, destination terminals and satellites having uplink and downlink antenna beams with one of the uplink antenna beams covering the selected source terminal and a selected downlink antenna beam covering the selected destination terminal, the method comprising the steps of:

assigning a selected downlink beam identifier to said selected downlink antenna beam which uniquely identifies the selected downlink antenna beam within the network;

assigning an address to the selected destination terminal of which a preselected portion includes the selected downlink beam identifier of the selected downlink antenna beam covering the selected destination terminal;

formulating a data packet comprising said data message and said address of said selected destination terminal;

segmenting said data packet into one or more cells, each cell being of a predetermined length a first portion of which comprises a cell header and a second portion of which comprises a cell body;

formatting each said cell header with sufficient information to route said cells from said selected source terminal to said selected destination terminal comprising the steps of;

defining a cell type identifier field and a downlink beam identifier field in each cell header,

placing a predetermined value into said cell type identifier field of each said cell header to identify that said cells are to be treated in a connectionless manner,

copying the selected downlink beam identifier from the address of the selected destination terminal,

placing said copied downlink beam identifier into the downlink beam identifier field of each of the cell headers;

sending said cells to a selected satellite in the network through one of the uplink antenna beams;

using said selected downlink beam identifier to route the cells in the network to the satellite having the selected downlink antenna beam corresponding to the selected downlink beam identifier;

broadcasting said cells over the selected downlink antenna beam; and

,

receiving said cells by destination terminals located within said selected downlink antenna beam, one of the destination terminals being the selected destination terminal.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:

assigning a source terminal identifier value to the selected source terminal in the communications network;

defining a source terminal identifier field in each cell header; and

, placing the source terminal identifier value corresponding to the selected source terminal into the source terminal identifier field of each cell headers; and

,

sorting said cells by source terminal identifier value by said destination terminals located within said downlink antenna beam.

3. The method as in claim 2, further comprising the step of:

assigning an address to the selected source terminal of which a preselected portion includes the source terminal identifier value corresponding to the selected source terminal; and

,

the step of placing the source terminal identifier value further comprises the steps of;

copying the source terminal identifier value from the address of the selected source terminal and placing the copied source terminal identifier value into the source terminal identifier field of each of the cell headers.

4. The method as in claim 2, further comprising the steps of:

defining a priority field in each cell header, and, placing a preselected value in the priority field of each cell to indicate a priority of each cell.

5. The method as in claim 4, further comprising the step of sorting said cells by said value in said priority field.

6. The method as in claim 4, further comprising the steps of defining a header error correction field in each cell header, and, placing a predetermined value into said header error correction field which is to be used for header error correction.

7. The method of claim 4, further comprising the steps of:

examining the cell body of each cell received by said destination terminals until said address of said selected destination terminal has been identified;

determining by said selected destination terminal that a user corresponding to said destination address is reachable by said selected destination terminal; and

,

retaining the cells by said selected destination terminal.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of assembling the retained cells back into said data packet by said selected destination terminal.

9. The method of claim 7, further comprising the steps of:

determining by other destination terminals receiving said cells that a user corresponding to said address of said selected destination terminal is unreachable; and

,

discarding said cells by destination terminals which cannot reach said user.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of examining said cell body of each cell received by said destination terminals until said destination address has been identified further comprises the step of:

reassembling said cells into a partial data packet by each destination terminal receiving the cells so that the address of the selected destination terminal is reassembled.

11. A method for transferring a data message in a connectionless manner between a selected source terminal and a selected destination terminal, in a communications network which uses the Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and a preselected ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) Protocol for data message transfers and supports connection-oriented communications, the communications network having a plurality of source terminals, destination terminals and satellites having uplink and downlink antenna beams with one of the uplink antenna beams covering the selected source terminal and a selected downlink antenna beam covering the selected destination terminal, the method comprising the steps of:

assigning a selected downlink beam identifier to said selected downlink antenna beam which uniquely identifies the selected downlink antenna beam within the network;

assigning an address to the selected destination terminal of which a preselected portion includes the selected downlink beam identifier of the selected downlink antenna beam covering the selected destination terminal;

formulating a data packet comprising said data message and said address of said selected destination terminal;

segmenting said data packet into one or more cells in accordance with said AAL Protocol to generate a plurality of cells, each of which has a predetermined length of which a first predetermined portion comprises a cell header and a second predetermined portion of which comprises a cell body;

identifying fields within each cell header in accordance with said AAL Protocol, said fields comprising a virtual path identifier (VPI) field, a virtual communication identifier (VCI) field, a header error correction (HEC) field, a cell loss priority field and a payload type identifier field;

retaining said cell loss priority field and said payload type identifier field in each cell header;

deleting said VCI, VPI and HEC fields in each cell header;

identifying new fields in each cell header comprising a cell type identifier field and a downlink beam identifier field;

formatting each field of each said cell header with sufficient information to route said cells from said select source terminal through said network and to said select destination terminal comprising the steps of;

placing a predetermined value in each said cell type identifier field in accordance with said AAL Protocol to identify that each said cell is to be treated in a connectionless manner,

placing a predetermined value in each said cell loss priority field in accordance with said AAL Protocol to indicate a priority of said cell,

placing a predetermined value in each said payload type identifier field to indicate a last cell of a message in accordance with said AAL Protocol,

copying the selected downlink beam identifier from the address of the selected destination terminal,

placing said copied downlink beam identifier into the downlink beam identifier field of each of the cell headers;

transmitting said cells through one of the uplink antenna beams to one of the satellites;

using value in said downlink beam identifier field to route the cells in the network to the satellite having the selected downlink antenna beam corresponding to the selected downlink beam identifier;

broadcasting said cells over the selected downlink antenna beam; and

,

receiving said cells by destination terminals located within said selected downlink antenna beam, one of the destination terminals being the selected destination terminal.

12. The method as in claim 11, wherein the step of segmenting said data packet into one or more cells each cell having a preselected length further comprises the step of:

segmenting said data packet into one or more cells, each cell having a length of 53 octets, a preselected number of which comprises said cell header.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising the steps of:

assigning a source terminal identifier value to the selected source terminal in the communications network;

defining a source terminal identifier field in each cell header; and

, placing the source terminal identifier value corresponding to the selected source terminal into the source terminal identifier field of each cell header.

14. The method of claim 13, further comprising the step of:

sorting said cells by source terminal identifier by said destination terminals located within said downlink antenna beam.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of:

assigning an address to the selected source terminal of which a preselected portion includes the source terminal identifier value corresponding to the selected source terminal; and

,

the step of placing the source terminal identifier value further comprises the step of;

copying the source terminal identifier value from the address of the selected destination terminal and placing the copied source terminal identifier value into the source terminal identifier field of each of the cell headers.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of segmenting said data packet into one or more cells each cell having a predetermined length further comprises the step of:

segmenting said data packet into one or more cells, each cell having a length of 53 octets, a first five octets of which comprises said cell header.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of segmenting said data packet into one or more cells, each cell having a predetermined length further comprises the steps of:

segmenting said data packet into one or more cells, each cell having a length of 53 octets, a first preselected number of octets which is greater than the first five octets comprising a cell header;

locating said cell type identifier, source terminal identifier field, payload type identifier and cell loss priority field within the first five octets of each cell; and

,

locating said downlink beam identifier field within each cell header and after said first five octets of said cell.

18. The method as in claim 15, further comprising the step of sorting said cells by said value in said priority field.

19. The method as in claim 15, further comprising the steps of:

retaining said header error correction field in each cell header; and

,

placing a predetermined value into each header error correction field in accordance with the AAL protocol which is to be used for header error correction.

20. The method as in claim 15, wherein the step of transmitting said cells through one of the uplink antenna beams to one of the satellites further comprises the step of:

transmitting said cells through one of the uplink antenna beams to one of the satellites in said network wherein each satellite has an on-board cell switch; and

,

the step of using said value in said downlink beam identifier field further comprising the steps of;

establishing a downlink beam identifier value look-up table on each satellite which correlates downlink beam identifier values to local routing values, each local routing value providing sufficient information to route the cells through each satellite'"'"'s on-board cell switch;

reading said downlink beam identifier value in each said cell header by a satellite;

consulting said downlink beam identifier value look-up table for a local routing value;

using said local routing value to route said cells through each satellite'"'"'s on-board cell switch; and

,

repeating the reading, consulting and routing steps by each satellite which receives said cells until one of the satellite routes the cells to the selected downlink antenna beam corresponding to the downlink beam identifier value.

21. The method as in claim 20, further comprising the steps of:

examining the cell body of each cell received by said destination terminals until said address of said selected destination terminal has been identified;

determining by said selected destination terminal that a user corresponding to said destination address is reachable by said selected destination terminal; and

,

accepting the cells by said selected destination terminal.

22. The method of claim 21, further comprising the steps of:

determining by other destination terminals receiving said cells that said user corresponding to said selected destination address is unreachable; and

,

discarding said cells by destination terminals which cannot reach said user.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the step of examining said cell body of each cell received by said destination terminals until said destination address has been identified further comprises the step of:

reassembling said cells back into at least a partial said data packet by each destination terminal located within said downlink beam such that said destination address is reassembled.