Directional-beam generative apparatus and associated method

• US 6,301,238 B1
• Filed: 01/28/1997
• Issued: 10/09/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 01/28/1997
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Unwired Planet LLC (JP Morgan Chase & Co)
• Original Assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
• Inventors: Mähler, Hans, Hagerman, Bo, Östman, Thomas, Forssén, Ulf
• Primary Examiner(s): Vu, Huy D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Harper, Kevin C.
• Application Number:
  US08/787,758
• Time in Patent Office: 1,715 Days
• Field of Search: 370/337, 370/347, 370/336, 370/345, 342/368, 342/373, 342/372, 342/154, 342/155, 455/277.1, 455/450, 455/452, 455/562, 455/509, 455/456, 455/436, 455/437, 455/440, 455/443, 1/1, 380/23, 701/213, 375/347
• US Class Current: 370/336
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 25/00 Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q3/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 3/26 varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture H01Q3/12, H01Q3/22, H01Q3/24 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 16/28 using beam steering

Abstract

Directional beam generative apparatus, and an associated method, for a radio communication station forms directional antenna beam patterns for the communication of communication signals with remote communication stations operable in a TDMA communication system. Channels are allocated for effectuation of communications between the radio communication station and the remote stations responsive to indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are indicated to be positioned. Remote communication stations indicated to be positioned within a selected area are allocated to channels formed upon a single carrier.

Claims

1. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned. Said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively, indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations; and

wherein the antenna beam patterns formed by said beamformer during the two successive time slots at least partially overlap in time during at least a portion of the two successive time slots.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the transmitting station is operable to transmit communication signals to a group of communication stations during time slots defined upon a plurality of carriers, the group of remote communication stations formed of at least a first set formed of the first and second remote communication stations indicated to be positioned within the first selected area and at least a third remote communication station indicated to be positioned within a second selected area, said allocator further for allocating at least one time slot defined upon a second carrier upon which to transmit a third communication signal thereto.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said remote communication stations comprise mobile terminals and wherein said allocator allocates a first mobile terminal and at least a second mobile terminal, said allocator further for selectively reallocating which mobile terminals form the first mobile terminal and the at least second mobile terminal to which to transmit the first and at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots, reallocation selectively made by said allocator responsive to movement of at least one of the first and the at least second mobile terminals beyond the first selected area.

4. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a determiner for determining the locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the indications of the locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned to which said allocator is coupled to receive comprise radial positions of the remote communication stations relative to the transmitting station.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said allocator comprises a processing device having an allocation algorithm executable therein for allocating the at least two successive time slots upon which the first and the at least second communication signals are to be transmitted.

7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the transmitting station comprises a radio base station of a cellular communication system, the remote communication stations comprise mobile terminals, and wherein said allocator allocates a first mobile terminal to receive the first communication signal during the first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and allocates at least a second mobile terminal to receive the at least second communication signal during the second time slot of the at least two successive time slots.

8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first time slot and the second time slot to which said allocator allocates first and second remote communication stations to transmit the first and second communication signals are adjacent to one another.

9. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the first time slot and the second time slot to which said allocator allocates the first and second remote communication stations to transmit the first and second communication signals are non-adjacent to one another.

10. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned, said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively, indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations;

wherein the antenna beam patterns formed by said beamformer during the two successive time slots at least partially overlap during at least a portion of the two successive time slots; and

wherein at least one of the first and the second time slots, respectively, having defined thereon a transition time period, the antenna beam patterns formed by said beamformer including a first antenna beam pattern generated during the first time slot and a second antenna beam pattern generated during the second time slot, both the first antenna beam pattern and the second antenna beam pattern generated during the transition time period.

11. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned, said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively, indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations; and

wherein said beamformer forms a first antenna beam pattern at a first power level during the first time slot and at a second, reduced power level during the second time slot, and forms a second antenna beam pattern at a third power level during the second time slot and at a fourth, reduced power level during the first time slot.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the second, reduced power level at which the first antenna beam pattern is formed during the second time slot and the fourth, reduced power level at which the second antenna beam pattern is formed during the first time slot are of substantially similar power levels.

13. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned, said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively, indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations;

wherein the antenna beam patterns formed by said beamformer during the two successive time slots at least partially overlap during at least a portion of the two successive time slots;

wherein the transmitting station comprises a radio base station of a cellular communication system, the remote communication stations comprise mobile terminals, and wherein said allocator allocates a first mobile terminal to receive the first communication signal during the first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and allocates at least a second mobile terminal to receive the at least second communication signal during the second time slot of the at least two successive time slots; and

wherein the mobile terminals include diversity antennas having antenna branches and wherein the first mobile terminal utilizes characteristics of the second communication signal transmitted during the second time slot to select which of the antenna branches of the diversity antenna of the first mobile terminal at which to receive the first communication signal thereto during the first time slot.

14. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned, said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively, indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations;

wherein the antenna beam patterns formed by said beamformer during the two successive time slots at least partially overlap during at least a portion of the two successive time slots;

wherein the transmitting station comprises a radio base station of a cellular communication system, the remote communication stations comprise mobile terminals, and wherein said allocator allocates a first mobile terminal to receive the first communication signal during the first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and allocates at least a second mobile terminal to receive the at least second communication signal during the second time slot of the at least two successive time slots; and

wherein the first mobile terminal is operable further to transmit packet data and wherein the first mobile terminal utilizes information contained in the second communication signal transmitted during the second time slot via a first antenna beam pattern of the antenna beam patterns that is directed to the first mobile terminal to determine whether to transmit a packet of data during a subsequent time slot, the second communication signal also being transmitted during the second time slot via a second antenna beam pattern of the antenna beam patterns that is directed to the at least second mobile terminal.

15. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned, said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively, indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations; and

wherein the transmitting station is operable to transmit communication signals to a group of remote communication stations, the second remote communication station allocated by said allocator indicated to be the remote communication station of the group of remote communication stations most closely positioned to the first remote communication station, the position of the first and second remote communication stations defining the selected area.

16. In a transmitting station operable to transmit communication signals in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of beamforming apparatus for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said beamforming apparatus comprising:

an allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned, said allocator for allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and for allocating at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots, the first and the at least second remote communication stations, respectively. Indicated to be positioned within a first selected area, the first time slot and the second time slot being allocated based, at least in part, on the indication that the first and the at least second remote communication station are positioned within the first selected area. The first time slot differing from the second time slot;

a beamformer operable responsive to allocations made by said allocator, said beamformer for forming antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the first and the at least second communication signals, respectively, upon the at least two successive time slots to the first and the at least second remote communication stations;

wherein the antenna beam patterns formed by said beamformer during the two successive time slots at least partially overlap during at least a portion of the two successive time slots;

wherein the transmitting station comprises a radio base station of a cellular communication system, the remote communication stations comprise mobile terminals, and wherein said allocator allocates a first mobile terminal to receive the first communication signal during the first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and allocates at least a second mobile terminal to receive the at least second communication signal during the second time slot of the at least two successive time slots; and

wherein the mobile terminals include receiver circuitry having equalizers, wherein the second communication signal transmitted during the second time slot includes training sequences as portions thereof, and wherein the first mobile terminal utilizes the training sequences of the second communication signal transmitted during the second time slot to facilitate equalization of the first communication signal transmitted to the first mobile terminal during the first time slot.

17. Directional-beam generative apparatus for a radio transmitter operable pursuant to a TDMA (time division multiple access) communication scheme in which bursts of communication signals are transmitted during time slots defined upon a plurality of carriers, time slot-carrier combinations defining channels, to a plurality of remote communication stations, groups of time slots formatted into frames, said apparatus comprising:

a channel allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the plurality of remote communication stations are positioned, said channel allocator for allocating channels upon which to transmit the bursts of communication signals to allocated ones of the plurality of remote communication stations, allocation of the channels by said allocator responsive to the indications of the locations of the plurality of remote communication stations, such that communication signals to be transmitted to remote communication stations indicated to be within a selected area are allocated to channels formed of time slots defined upon a single carrier during at least a selected frame, each remote communication station of the remote communication stations indicated to be within the selected area being allocated to different channels formed by differing time slots;

a beamformer selectively coupled to receive the communication signals to be transmitted to the remote communication stations and coupled to receive indications of the allocations made by said channel allocator, said beamformer for forming directional antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the communication signals upon the channels allocated by said allocator to the allocated ones of the plurality of remote communication stations;

wherein said allocator allocates at least a first channel formed of a time slot defined upon the single carrier upon which to communicate a first communication signal to a first remote communication station and a second channel formed of a time slot adjacent to the time slot forming the first channel, the second channel for communicating a second communication signal to a second remote communication station; and

wherein first and second beam patterns of the beam patterns formed by said beamformer to permit the communication of the first and second communication signals, respectively, are formed for time periods that are greater than any time period defined by either of the time slots forming the first channel and the time slot adjacent thereto and forming the second channel.

18. In a method for transmitting communication signals at a transmitting station in bursts to remote communication stations upon a plurality of time slots defined upon at least a first carrier, an improvement of a method for forming antenna beam patterns during at least two successive time slots defined upon the at least the first carrier, said method comprising the steps of:

detecting indications of locations at which the remote communication stations are positioned;

allocating a first remote communication station to which to transmit a first communication signal upon a first time slot of the at least two successive time slots and at least a second remote communication station to transmit at least a second communication signal during at least a second time slot of the at least two successive time slots based, at least in part, on detection, during said step of detecting, of indications of positioning of the first and the second communication stations, respectively, within a first selected area, the first time slot differing from the second time slot;

forming a first antenna beam pattern to transmit the first communication signal upon the first time slot to the first remote communication station;

forming a second antenna beam pattern to transmit the at least second communication signal upon the at least second time slot to the at least second remote communication station; and

forming another antenna beam pattern to transmit at least a portion of the at least second communication signal upon only a portion of the at least second time slot to the first remote communication station.

19. Directional-beam generative apparatus for a radio transmitter operable pursuant to a TDMA (time division multiple access) communication scheme in which bursts of communication signals are transmitted during time slots defined upon a plurality of carriers, time slot-carrier combinations defining channels, to a plurality of remote communication stations, groups of time slots formatted into frames, said apparatus comprising:

a channel allocator coupled to receive indications of locations at which the plurality of remote communication stations are positioned, said channel allocator for allocating channels upon which to transmit the bursts of communication signals to allocated ones of the plurality of remote communication stations, allocation of the channels by said allocator responsive to the indications of the locations of the plurality of remote communication stations. Such that communication signals to be transmitted to remote communication stations indicated to be within a selected area are allocated to channels formed of time slots defined upon a single carrier during at least a selected frame, each remote communication station of the remote communication stations indicated to be within the selected area being allocated to different channels formed by differing time slots;

a beamformer selectively coupled to receive the communication signals to be transmitted to the remote communication stations and coupled to receive indications of the allocations made by said channel allocator, said beamformer for forming directional antenna beam patterns by which to permit transmission of the communication signals upon the channels allocated by said allocator to the allocated ones of the plurality of remote communication stations;

wherein said allocator allocates at least a first channel formed of a time slot defined upon the single carrier upon which to communicate a first communication signal to a first remote communication station and a second channel formed of a time slot adjacent to the time slot forming the first channel, the second channel for communicating a second communication signal to a second remote communication station; and

wherein said beamformer forms a first antenna beam pattern at a first power level during the time slot forming the first channel and at a second, reduced power level during the time slot forming the second channel, and forms a second antenna beam pattern at a third power level during the time slot forming the second channel and at a fourth, reduced power level during the time slot forming the first channel.