Sheet detection system

• US 6,301,326 B2
• Filed: 11/02/1998
• Issued: 10/09/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/1998
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: L-3 Communications Security and Detection Systems Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Perkinelmer Detection Systems, Inc. (Leidos Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Bjorkholm, Paul J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Kim, Robert H.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Ho, Allen C.
• Application Number:
  US09/184,629
• Publication Number:
  US 20010014137A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,072 Days
• Field of Search: 378/57, 378/51, 378/53, 378/54, 378/55
• US Class Current: 378/57
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 23/04 and forming images of the material
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/22 Active interrogation, i.e. by irradiating objects or goods using external radiation sources, e.g. using gamma rays or cosmic rays
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 5/224 Multiple energy techniques using one type of radiation, e.g. X-rays of different energies

Abstract

A detection system for detecting sheets of material includes a device for moving along a path a container which can harbor a sheet of material sought to be detected; an X-ray scanner having a beam for scanning across the path of the container through a predetermined angle and a device for moving the scanner to shift the origin of the scanning beam to align during at least a portion of the scan the scanning beam with the sheet for producing a high projected density contrasted with its surroundings.

Claims

1. A detection system for detecting sheets of material comprising:

means for moving along a path a container which can harbor a sheet of material;

an X-ray scanner having a scanning beam for scanning across the path of said container through a predetermined angle; and

means for shifting the origin of said scanning beam to align during at least a portion of the scan said scanning beam with a sheet for producing a high projected density contrast with its surroundings.

2. The detection system of claim 1 in which said X-ray scanner includes an X-ray source and a spaced detector and said means for shifting includes a movable member for supporting said source and detector.

3. The detection system of claim 1 in which said X-ray scanner includes an X-ray source and a spaced detector and said means for shifting includes a movable member for supporting said source.

4. The detection system of claim 1 in which said X-ray scanner includes an X-ray source including a plurality of individual sources and said means for shifting includes means for sequentially enabling said individual sources.

5. The detection system of claim 1 in which said X-ray scanner includes a linear X-ray anode and said means for shifting includes means for sweeping an electron beam across said anode for generating a series of spaced X-ray scanning beams.

6. The detection system of claim 1 in which said X-ray scanner includes a detector for detecting X-ray energy transmitted by the sheet.

7. The detection system of claim 6 in which said detector includes a dual energy detector for detecting high and low X-ray energies.

8. The detection system of claim 6 in which said X-ray scanner provides a fan beam of X-ray energy.

9. A detection system for detecting sheets of material comprising:

means for moving along a path a container which can harbor a sheet of material;

an X-ray scanner having a scanning beam for scanning across the path of said container through a predetermined angle;

means for shifting the origin of said scanning beam to align during at least a portion of the scan said scanning beam with a sheet for producing a high projected density contrast with its surroundings;

a detector for detecting X-ray energy transmitted by the sheet; and

means for determining whether the X-ray energy transmitted by the sheet represents an areal density within a target envelope of areal densities.

10. The detection system of claim 9 in which said X-ray scanner includes a threshold detector for determining whether the areal density representative of a sheet exceeds a predetermined level.

11. The detection system of claim 10 in which said X-ray scanner includes an envelope comparator for determining whether the areal density which exceeds said threshold represents an atomic number indicative of a sheet of particular material sought.

12. The detection system of claim 9 in which said means for determining includes a look up table of stored areal densities within the target envelope.

13. The detection system of claim 9 in which said X-ray scanner includes a storage device for storing areal densities representing a set of scans of the sheet.

14. The detection system of claim 13 in which said X-ray scanner includes an angular response circuit for determining the angular response of a set of scans.

15. The detection system of claim 14 in which said X-ray scanner includes means for determining whether the X-ray energy detected from the sheet represents an areal density within a target envelope of areal densities.

16. The detection system of claim 15 in which said angular response circuit includes means for determining symmetry in the areal density of the scans surrounding a scan which exceeds said thresholded level to confirm the presence of a sheet.

17. The detection system of claim 15 in which said angular response circuit includes means for determining the slope of the angular response of the areal densities of a set of scans indicative of the presence of a sheet of material.

18. An X-ray scanning system for detecting sheets of material in a container moving along a path, the system comprising:

an X-ray source having a scanning beam for scanning across the path of the container through a predetermined angle, said X-ray source being movable relative to the path of the container to align said scanning beam with a sheet for producing a high projected density contrast with its surroundings.