Photonic signal frequency conversion using a photonic band gap structure
First Claim
1. A device for generating a photonic signal having a frequency different from an input photonic signal incident on the device, the input photonic signal having an input photonic signal frequency and an input photonic signal bandwidth, comprising:
- a plurality of first material layers; and
a plurality of second material layers, said first and second material layers arranged such that the device exhibits a photonic band gap structure, wherein said photonic band gap structure exhibits a transmission band edge corresponding to the input photonic signal frequency, and wherein an interaction of the input photonic signal with said arrangement of layers generates a second photonic signal at a second frequency, said second frequency being different than the first frequency.
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Abstract
A novel SH generator based on a photonic band gap (PBG), mixed half-quarter-wave, periodic structure is described. Both energy output and conversion efficiencies are nearly three orders of magnitude greater than for bulk, phase-matched devices of comparable lengths. Similar results for a GaAs/AlAs semiconductor periodic structure are also found. These results have immediate applications in frequency up- and down-conversion lasers, higher and lower harmonic generation, and Raman-type lasers, where either Stokes or anti-Stokes resonances can be enhanced or suppressed near the band edge. In general, the underlying mechanism requires the fields to be strongly confined, allowing for longer interaction times, increased effective gain lengths, and enhanced conversion efficiencies, although strong pump confinement alone can also result in significantly enhanced SH generation.
122 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A device for generating a photonic signal having a frequency different from an input photonic signal incident on the device, the input photonic signal having an input photonic signal frequency and an input photonic signal bandwidth, comprising:
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a plurality of first material layers; and
a plurality of second material layers, said first and second material layers arranged such that the device exhibits a photonic band gap structure, wherein said photonic band gap structure exhibits a transmission band edge corresponding to the input photonic signal frequency, and wherein an interaction of the input photonic signal with said arrangement of layers generates a second photonic signal at a second frequency, said second frequency being different than the first frequency. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
a second region having periodically alternating material layers, wherein said second region comprises a third material layer, and a fourth material layer; and
a periodicity defect region interposed between said first and second regions of periodically alternating material layers, wherein an arrangement of said first region, said second region, and said periodicity region exhibits a photonic band gap structure having a transmission band edge corresponding to the input photonic signal frequency, and wherein an interaction of the input photonic signal with said arrangement of said first region, said second region, and said periodicity region generates a second photonic signal at a second frequency, said second frequency being different than the first frequency.
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14. The device of claim 13, wherein said first and second regions are each arranged as quarter-wave structures, and wherein a thickness of said periodicity defect region is approximately ½
- wavelength of the input photonic signal.
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15. The device of claim 13, wherein said second frequency is a third harmonic of the input photonic frequency.
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16. A method for optical frequency conversion of an input photonic signal, the input photonic signal having an input photonic signal frequency and an input pihotonic signal bandwith. comprising the steps of:
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selecting the frequency of the input photonic signal so as to produce a second signal at a desired harmonic frequency;
providing a device comprising a plurality of first material layers; and
a plurality of second material layers, said first and second material layers arranged such that said device exhibits a photonic band gap structure, wherein said photonic band gap structure exhibits a transmission band edge corresponding to the input photonic signal frequency, and wherein an interaction of the input photonic signal with said arrangement of layers generates a second photonic signal at a second frequency, said second frequency being different than the first frequency; and
inputting the input photonic signal into said device to generate said second signal at said harmonic frequency. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20)
selecting the materials used in said device such that said first material layer has a first index of refraction and said second material layer has a second index of refraction, wherein said first index of refraction is greater than said second index of refraction, and wherein a difference in said first index of refraction and said second index of refraction corresponds to a desired harmonic frequency of the input photonic signal.
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18. The method of claim 16. further comprising:
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arranging said first and second material layers in an alternating manner; and
selecting a number of periods for said alternating first and second layers to provide a desired conversion efficiency.
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19. The method of claim 18, further comprising:
selecting a number of periods for said alternating first and second layers such that a width of said band edge is greater than the input photonic signal bandwidth.
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20. The method of claim 18. further comprising:
selecting said materials arranged in said alternating manner, such that an absorption in said materials at the input photonic signal frequency and said harmonic frequency is at a minimum.
Specification