System for prediction of cardiac arrhythmias
First Claim
1. A medical device for predicting cardiac arrhythmias comprising:
- means for receiving data from a patient of electrocardiographic activity over a period of time (hours);
means for dividing said data into a plurality of time segments;
means for decomposing said data from each time segment into a plurality of component signals that denote the magnitude and complexity of said electrocardiographic activity in each time segment; and
means for providing an output signal corresponding to each of said component signals for comparison with the component signals from the other time segments to facilitate predicting the likelihood of the occurrence of a cardiac arrhythmia.
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Abstract
A medical device and method for predicting cardiac arrhythmias, by gathering electrocardiographic data such as intervals between heart beats (RR-series) or other signal, mathematically decomposing or compressing the signal into several elements or components that contain the most significant information and tracking the changes in the several elements. The signal may be divided into time windows, and the signals decomposed into a plurality of coefficients or components such as Karhunen Loeve Transformation (KLT) coefficients that are predictive of the occurrence of a cardiac arrhythmia. The electrocardiographic data may be generated real-time, on-line, or be prerecorded data.
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Citations
25 Claims
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1. A medical device for predicting cardiac arrhythmias comprising:
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means for receiving data from a patient of electrocardiographic activity over a period of time (hours);
means for dividing said data into a plurality of time segments;
means for decomposing said data from each time segment into a plurality of component signals that denote the magnitude and complexity of said electrocardiographic activity in each time segment; and
means for providing an output signal corresponding to each of said component signals for comparison with the component signals from the other time segments to facilitate predicting the likelihood of the occurrence of a cardiac arrhythmia. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A cardiac rhythm monitoring system for predicting probability of a patient having a cardiac arrhythmia comprising:
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means for monitoring a patient'"'"'s RR-series of the intervals between heart beats;
means for characterizing said RR-series using Karhunen-Loeve Transform (KLT) and generate KLT-coefficients indicative of both linear and nonlinear changes in the RR-series; and
means for determining the magnitude of said changes in the RR-series by using the time varying mean and variance of said KLT-coefficients and determining the complexity of said changes by calculating the number of KLT-coefficients that exhibit substantially simultaneous changes. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14)
in which Cx=covariance matrix M=number of vectors in the pattern N=length of vector xi=vectors mx=the mean vector yi=vector of KLT-coefficients in the window.
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15. A medical device for monitoring a patient'"'"'s electrocardiographic data for predictive signs of increased risk of the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmia comprising:
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cardiac rhythm monitoring means for monitoring an RR-series of the intervals between a patient'"'"'s heart beats;
computer means for dividing said RR-series into consecutive, nonoverlapping time windows of preselected duration and converting said RR-series into Karhunen-Loeve Transformation (KLT) coefficients that vary as a function of time; and
means for displaying said KLT-coefficients. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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- 23. A medical device for predicting LTCA comprising means for decomposing a signal of electrocardiographic data into a plurality of elements, which contain the most significant information about the signal and tracking the changes in said elements.
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25. A method for predicting the risk of a patient having a cardiac arrhythmia comprising:
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continuously monitoring a patient'"'"'s cardiac rhythm;
generating an RR-series of cardiac rhythm, said RR-series comprising the intervals between heart beats in consecutive time windows;
calculating KLT-coefficients from said RR-series, which KLT-coefficients vary as a function of time to show the magnitude and complexity of changes in said RR-series between time windows;
displaying said KLT-coefficients; and
reading said KLT-coefficients to predict the probability of the patient having a cardiac arrhythmia.
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Specification