Therapeutic liposome composition and method of preparation

• US 6,316,024 B1
• Filed: 03/02/2000
• Issued: 11/13/2001
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: SEQUUS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Johnson & Johnson)
• Original Assignee: SEQUUS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Johnson & Johnson)
• Inventors: Martin, Francis J., Zalipsky, Samuel, Allen, Theresa M., Uster, Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Kishore, Gollamudi S.
• Application Number:
  US09/517,224
• Time in Patent Office: 621 Days
• Field of Search: 424/450, 424/812, 424/1.21, 424/9.321, 424/9.51, 424/417, 424/94.3, 430/829, 935/54
• US Class Current: 424/450
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/544 Phospholipids
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/61 the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/62 the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/6849 the antibody targeting a receptor, a cell surface antigen or a cell surface determinant
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/6911 the form being a liposome
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/6913 the liposome being modified on its surface by an antibody
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 51/1234 Liposomes
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/127 Liposomes
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/1271 Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes, liposomes coated with polymers liposome as conjugate A61K47/6911
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/1272 with substantial amounts of non-phosphatidyl, i.e. non-acylglycerophosphate, surfactants as bilayer-forming substances, e.g. cationic lipids with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant A61K9/127; lipids as modifying agent A61K47/543
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/2854 against selectins, e.g. CD62
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 2317/55 Fab or Fab'
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 424/812 Liposome comprising an antibody, antibody fragment, antigen, or other specific or nonspecific immunoeffector
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/829 Liposomes, e.g. encapsulation

Abstract

Reagents for use in preparing a therapeutic liposome composition sensitized to a target cell are described. The reagents include a liposomal composition composed of pre-formed liposomes having an entrapped therapeutic agent and a plurality of targeting conjugates composed of a lipid, a hydrophilic polymer and a targeting ligand. The therapeutic, target-cell sensitized liposome composition is formed by incubating the liposomal composition with a selected conjugate.

Claims

1. A method of formulating a therapeutic liposome composition having sensitivity to a target cell, comprising

selecting a liposome composition from a plurality of liposomal compositions comprised of pre-formed liposomes having an entrapped therapeutic agent;

selecting from a plurality of targeting conjugates a targeting conjugate comprised of (i) a lipid having a polar head group and a hydrophobic tail, (ii) a hydrophilic polymer having a proximal end and a distal end, said polymer attached at its proximal end to the head group of the lipid, and (iii) a targeting ligand attached to the distal end of the polymer; and

combining the selected liposome composition and the selected targeting conjugate to form a therapeutic target-cell sensitive liposome composition.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said combining includes incubating under conditions effective to achieve insertion of the selected targeting conjugate into the liposomes of the selected liposome composition.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting a liposome composition includes determining the sensitivity of the target cell to the therapeutic activity of the entrapped therapeutic agent.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting a targeting conjugate includes determining the ability of the targeting ligand to bind cell surface receptors expressed on the target cell.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein said selecting a targeting conjugate is based on (i) the ability of a targeting ligand to bind to cell surface receptors expressed on the target cell and (ii) the ability of the target cell to internalize liposomes bound to the target cell by binding between the target cell and the targeting ligand.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the targeting ligand is an antibody or an antibody fragment.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the antibody or antibody fragment is a humanized murine antibody.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the targeting ligand specifically binds to an extracellular domain of a growth factor receptor.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the receptors are selected from the group consisting of c-erbB-2 protein product of the HER2/neu oncogene, epidermal growth factor receptor, basic fibroblast growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the targeting ligand binds a receptor selected from the group consisting of E-selectin receptor, L-selectin receptor, P-selectin receptor, folate receptor, CD4 receptor, CD19 receptor, α

β

integrin receptors and chemokine receptors.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the targeting ligand binds a receptor on a malignant B-cell or T-cell, said receptor selected from the group consisting of CD19, CD20, CD22, CD4, CD7 and CD8.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the targeting ligand is selected from the group consisting of folic acid, pyridoxal phosphate, vitamin B12, sialyl Lewis^x, transferrin, epidermal growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PECAM-1, RGD peptides and NGR peptides.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylmethylether, polymethyloxazoline, polyethyloxazoline, polyhydroxypropyloxazoline, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylamide, polymethacrylamide, polydimethylacrylamide, polyhydroxypropylmethacrylate, polyhydroxyethylacrylate, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, polyethyleneglycol, polyaspartamide and hydrophilic peptide sequences.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is polyethylene glycol.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight between 500-5,000 daltons.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the liposomes further contain a cationic lipid.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein the entrapped therapeutic agent is a cytotoxic drug.

18. The method of claim 17 wherein the cytotoxic drug is an anthracycline antibiotic selected from the group consisting of doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin and analogs thereof.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the cytotoxic agent is a platinum compound selected from cisplatin, carboplatin, ormaplatin, oxaliplatin, zeniplatin, enloplatin, lobaplatin, spiroplatin, ((−

)-(R)-2-aminomethylpyrrolidine (1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylato)platinum), (SP-4-3(R)-1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato(2-)-(2-methyl-1,4-butanediamine-N,N′

)platinum), nedaplatin and (bis-acetato-ammine-dichloro-cyclohexylamine-platinum(IV)).

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the cytotoxic agent is a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor selected from the group consisting of topotecan, irinotecan, (7-(4-methylpiperazino-methylene)-10,11-ethylenedioxy-20(S)-camptothecin), 7-(2-(N-isopropylamino)ethyl)-(20S)-camptothecin, 9-aminocamptothecin and 9-nitrocamptothecin.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the cytotoxic agent is a vinca alkaloid selected from the group consisting of vincristine, vinblastine, vinleurosine, vinrodisine, vinorelbine and vindesine.

22. The method of claim 1, wherein the entrapped agent is a nucleic acid.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein the nucleic acid is an antisense oligonucleotide or ribozyme.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein the nucleic acid is a plasmid containing a therapeutic gene which when internalized by the target cells achieves expression of the therapeutic gene to produce a therapeutic gene product.

25. The method of claim 1, wherein said selecting a targeting conjugate includes selecting a micellar suspension of a targeting conjugate.