Communication employing triply-polarized transmissions
First Claim
1. A method for communicating information in a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of:
- developing three communication signals; and
applying each of the three communication signals to a different input of three input connections of an antenna arrangement with a first property that excitation thereof by an incident electromagnetic wave induces electric currents to appear at the three input connections that are representable as a complex vector to be referred to as the induced current vector; and
a second property that three incident electromagnetic plane waves can be found, having mutually orthogonal polarizations, for which the respective induced current vectors collectively span a complex, three-dimensional vector space.
8 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Problems of fading in a multi-path environment are ameliorated, and the presence of reflective surfaces is turned from a disadvantage to an advantage, by employing a third polarization direction that effectively creates a third communication channel. This third communication channel can be used to send more information, or to send information with enhanced spatial diversity to thereby improve the overall communication performance. A transmitted signal with three polarization directions is created with a transmitter having, illustratively, three dipole antennas that are spatially orthogonal to each other. A received signal having energy content in three polarization directions is detected by a receiver having, illustratively, three dipole antennas that are spatially orthogonal to each other.
58 Citations
27 Claims
-
1. A method for communicating information in a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of:
-
developing three communication signals; and
applying each of the three communication signals to a different input of three input connections of an antenna arrangement with a first property that excitation thereof by an incident electromagnetic wave induces electric currents to appear at the three input connections that are representable as a complex vector to be referred to as the induced current vector; and
a second property that three incident electromagnetic plane waves can be found, having mutually orthogonal polarizations, for which the respective induced current vectors collectively span a complex, three-dimensional vector space.- View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
providing three data signals; and
forming each baseband signal as a linear combination of the data signals having a distinct set of weight coefficients.
-
-
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising:
-
obtaining a set of estimated channel coefficients for signal propagation to a receiving location; and
devising the weight coefficients in accordance with the set of estimated channel coefficients.
-
-
14. The method of claim 1, 2, or 5, wherein:
-
there is a transmission wavelength for the communication signals; and
the antenna arrangement has a maximum dimension that is no more than the transmission wavelength.
-
-
15. The method of claim 1, 2, or 5, wherein:
-
there is a transmission wavelength for the communication signals;
the antenna arrangement has multiple elements; and
the maximum distance from any element to any other element is no more than the transmission wavelength.
-
-
2. A method for communicating information in a wireless communication system, comprising applying a communication signal to each of at least a group of three input connections of an antenna arrangement, respectively, thereby to transmit the communication signals from the antenna arrangement, said antenna being one that induces a far-field radiation pattern with a property that for each point therein, a selected transverse polarization of the radiated electric field results from applying to the three input connections particular chosen signals for said communication signals.
-
5. A method for communicating information in a wireless communication system, comprising applying a communication signal to each of at least a group of three input connections of an antenna arrangement, respectively, where the antenna arrangement comprises three dipole elements, each dipole element is oriented at least 15°
- from each of the other two dipole elements, and is oriented at least 15°
from the plane defined by the other two dipole elements, and each input connection is made to a distinct one of the dipole elements.
- from each of the other two dipole elements, and is oriented at least 15°
-
16. A method of wireless communication, comprising demodulating a respective radio-frequency signal received from each of at least a group of three output connections of an antenna arrangement, thereby to obtain respective baseband signals, and processing said baseband signals, thereby to recover at least one communication signal, wherein:
-
the antenna arrangement has the property that excitation thereof by an incident electromagnetic wave induces electric currents to appear at the three output connections, the amplitudes of said currents representable as a complex vector to be referred to as the induced current vector; and
the antenna arrangement has the further property that three incident electromagnetic plane waves can be found, having mutually orthogonal polarizations, for which the respective induced current vectors collectively span a complex, three-dimensional vector space. - View Dependent Claims (18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
the radio-frequency signals have a transmission wavelength; and
the antenna arrangement has a maximum dimension that is no more than the transmission wavelength.
-
-
22. The method of claim 16 or claim 17, wherein:
-
the radio-frequency signals have a transmission wavelength;
the antenna arrangement has multiple elements; and
the maximum distance from any element to any other element is no more than the transmission wavelength.
-
-
17. A method of wireless communication, comprising demodulating a respective radio-frequency signal received from each of at least a group of three output connections of an antenna arrangement, thereby to obtain respective baseband signals, and processing said baseband signals, thereby to recover at least one communication signal, wherein:
-
the antenna arrangement comprises three dipole elements;
each dipole element is oriented at least 15°
from each of the other two dipole elements, and is oriented at least 15°
from the plane defined by the other two dipole elements; and
each output connection is made to a distinct one of the dipole elements.
-
-
23. An antenna arrangement comprising:
-
three output connections; and
a plurality of receiving elements coupled to said three output connections spatially arranged to impart to said antenna arrangement a first property that excitation thereof by an incident electromagnetic wave induces electric currents to appear at the three output connections that are representable as a complex vector, and a second property that three incident electromagnetic plane waves can be found, having mutually orthogonal polarizations, for which the respective induced current vectors at the three output connections collectively span a complex, three-dimensional vector space.
-
-
24. An antenna arrangement comprising:
-
three outputs; and
one or more receiving elements coupled to said three outputs that are spatially arranged to form a tripole antenna.
-
-
25. An antenna arrangement comprising
three outputs; - and
one or more receiving elements coupled to said three outputs that are spatially arranged to form output currents i(1), i(2), i(3), respectively that collectively span a complex three-dimensional vector space in response to three incident plane waves applied to said one or more receiving elements, which waves have mutually orthogonal polarizations.
- and
-
26. An antenna arrangement comprising
three outputs; - and
one or more receiving elements coupled to said three outputs that are spatially arranged to form output currents
in response to three incident plane waves applied to said one or more receiving elements, which waves have mutually orthogonal polarizations, and J is a full-rank matrix.- View Dependent Claims (27)
- and
Specification