Method and apparatus for determining the operational energy cost of a hybrid vehicle

• US 6,335,610 B1
• Filed: 06/30/2000
• Issued: 01/01/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2000
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Inventors: Winstead, Vincent John
• Primary Examiner(s): TSO, EDWARD H
• Application Number:
  US09/607,698
• Time in Patent Office: 550 Days
• Field of Search: 320/104, 320/132, 320/149, 429/90, 429/61, 324/427, 324/433
• US Class Current: 320/132
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/445 Differential gearing distribution type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/2045 for optimising the use of energy
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/12 responding to state of charge [SoC]
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 7/14 for vehicles propelled by ac motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2050/0031 Mathematical model of the vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/903 having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/947 Characterized by control of braking, e.g. blending of regeneration, friction braking

Abstract

A method and apparatus 46 for dynamically and periodically determining the amount of energy expended by a hybrid vehicle 10. Particularly, apparatus or controller 46 dynamically computes the amount of utilized energy based upon the initial charge resident within the battery 14, the amount of power supplied to the battery 14 and the discharge efficiency of the battery 14, thereby allowing an overall energy management strategy to be implemented and allowing an accurate operational analysis and/or simulation to be conducted.

Claims

1. An apparatus for use in a hybrid vehicle of the type having a internal combustion engine which generates power and has a certain recharge efficiency and a battery having a certain discharge efficiency and a certain initial charge, said apparatus comprising:

a controller which dynamically determines the energy expended by said hybrid vehicle by creating an equivalent battery energy cost which is computed by use of said certain discharge efficiency, by use of said certain initial charge, and by use of said certain recharge efficiency.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said hybrid vehicle causes energy that is produced by regenerative braking to be selectively communicated to said battery and wherein said equivalent battery cost is computed by use of said energy.

3. An apparatus for use in a hybrid vehicle of the type having an internal combustion engine which generates a certain first amount of power, a motor which generates a certain second amount of power, and a battery having a amount of initial charge, said apparatus comprising:

a controller which determines the energy used by said hybrid vehicle by creating a first quantity by multiplying said first amount of generated power by a certain attribute of said internal combustion engine, by creating a second value by use of a constant value;

by creating a third quantity by multiplying a battery discharge efficiency by said second certain amount of power, and by adding said first, second, and third quantities to said initial charge, thereby creating a fifth quantity which may be used to approximate said amount of energy used by said hybrid vehicle.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said certain attribute of said internal combustion engine comprises a recharge efficiency.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said constant value is based upon an amount of regenerative power supplied to said battery.

6. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said third amount of energy is based upon a certain amount of required power.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said controller further divides said fifth quantity by a certain amount which is based upon the amount of energy which is present within said battery.

8. A method for determining the amount of energy utilized by a hybrid vehicle, said method comprising the steps of:

dynamically creating an equivalent battery energy cost as said vehicle is being operated, by use of a certain recharge efficiency and by use of an amount of regenerative power.

9. The method of claim 8 when said dynamically created equivalent battery energy cost is created by use of a certain discharge efficiency.

10. The method of claim 9 when said dynamically created battery energy cost is created by use of an initial battery charge.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said dynamically created equivalent battery charge cost is created by use of a certain amount of required power.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein said dynamically created equivalent battery energy cost is created by creating a running average.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein said dynamically created equivalent battery energy cost is used to simulate the operation of said hybrid vehicle.

14. The method of claim 8 wherein said amount of regenerative power is calculated by use of a constant value.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein said amount of regenerative power is calculated by use of a required amount of power.