Low pressure vapor phase deposition of organic thin films
First Claim
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1. A method for fabricating organic films comprising:
- providing a first carrier gas stream;
volatilizing a first organic small molecule material into the first carrier gas stream;
passing the first carrier gas stream through an apparatus;
maintaining the wall temperature of the apparatus at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid condensation of the volatilized first organic small molecule material;
passing the first carrier gas stream at a pressure of about 0.001 torr to about 100 torr over a substrate; and
depositing said first organic small molecule material on said substrate so as to form a first film comprising the first organic small molecule material on said substrate.
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Abstract
Methods for preparing organic thin films on substrates, the method comprising the steps of providing a plurality of organic precursors in the vapor phase, and reacting the plurality or organic precursors at a sub-atmospheric pressure. Also included are thin films made by such a method and apparatuses used to conduct such a method. The method is well-suited to the formation of organic light emitting devices and other display-related technologies.
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Citations
43 Claims
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1. A method for fabricating organic films comprising:
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providing a first carrier gas stream;
volatilizing a first organic small molecule material into the first carrier gas stream;
passing the first carrier gas stream through an apparatus;
maintaining the wall temperature of the apparatus at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid condensation of the volatilized first organic small molecule material;
passing the first carrier gas stream at a pressure of about 0.001 torr to about 100 torr over a substrate; and
depositing said first organic small molecule material on said substrate so as to form a first film comprising the first organic small molecule material on said substrate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
volatilizing a second organic small molecule material into a second carrier gas stream; and
combining the second carrier gas stream with the first carrier gas stream;
wherein said depositing includes depositing said second organic small molecule material along with said first organic small molecule material on said substrate such that said first film comprises the first organic small molecule material and the second organic small molecule material.
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7. The method of claim 6, wherein said pressure is from about 0.1 torr to about 10 torr.
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8. The method of claim 6, wherein the first film is incorporated into an organic light emitting device.
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9. The method of claim 1 wherein said method further comprises:
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volatilizing a third organic small molecule material into a third carrier gas stream;
passing the third carrier gas stream at a pressure of about 0.001 torr to about 100 torr over the first film; and
depositing said third organic small molecule material over said first film so as to form a second film comprising the third organic small molecule material over said first film.
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10. The method of claim 9, wherein said pressure of the third carrier gas stream is from about 0.1 torr to about 10 torr.
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11. The method of claim 9, wherein said first and second films are incorporated into an organic light emitting device.
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12. The method of claim 9, wherein the second film comprises tris(8-quinoline)aluminun.
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13. The method of claim 1, wherein said first film comprises Alq3 having an RMS surface roughness of from 9 to 11 angstroms.
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14. The method of claim 1, wherein said first film comprises TPD having an RMS surface roughness of from 6 to 8 angstroms.
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15. A method for fabricating organic films comprising:
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providing a first carrier gas stream comprising one or more volatilized first organic small molecule materials;
passing the first carrier gas stream through a first apparatus;
maintaining the wall temperature of the first apparatus at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid condensation of the one or more volatilized first organic small molecule materials;
exposing the first carrier gas stream at a pressure of about 0.001 torr to about 100 torr to a substrate;
depositing the one or more volatilized first organic small molecule materials on said substrate so as to form a first film on said substrate, said first film comprising the one or more first organic small molecule materials;
providing a second carrier gas stream comprising one or more volatilized second organic small molecule materials;
passing the second carrier gas stream through a second apparatus;
maintaining the wall temperature of the second apparatus at a sufficiently high temperature to avoid condensation of the one or more volatilized second organic small molecule materials;
exposing the second carrier gas stream at a pressure of about 0.001 torr to about 100 torr to said first film on said substrate; and
depositing the one or more volatilized second organic small molecule materials on said first film so as to form a second film on said first film on said substrate, said second film comprising said one or more second organic small molecule materials. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A method for fabricating organic films comprising:
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providing a carrier gas stream comprising one or more volatilized first organic small molecule materials;
exposing the carrier gas stream at a pressure of about 0.001 torr to about 100 torr to a substrate; and
depositing the one or more volatilized first organic small molecule materials on said substrate so as to form a first film on said substrate, said first film comprising the one or more first organic small molecule materials;
wherein said carrier gas stream is passed through an apparatus in which inside walls of said apparatus are sufficiently elevated to prevent condensation of the one or more first organic small molecule materials before the depositing step. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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Specification