Optical disk-based assay devices and methods

• US 6,342,349 B1
• Filed: 07/21/1998
• Issued: 01/29/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 07/08/1996
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Vindur Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Burstein Technologies, Inc.
• Inventors: Virtanen, Jorma
• Primary Examiner(s): Riley, Jezia
• Application Number:
  US09/120,049
• Time in Patent Office: 1,288 Days
• Field of Search: 435/6, 435/91.1, 435/91.2, 536/22.1, 536/23.1, 536/24.3, 536/25.3
• US Class Current: 506/39
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 19/0046 Sequential or parallel reactions, e.g. for the synthesis of polypeptides or polynucleotides; Apparatus and devices for combinatorial chemistry or for making molecular arrays synthesis methods per se C40B50/00
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00536 in the shape of disks
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0054 Means for coding or tagging the apparatus or the reagents
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00585 Parallel processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00596 Solid-phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0061 The surface being organic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00619 using hydrophilic or hydrophobic regions
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00621 by physical means, e.g. trenches, raised areas
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00626 Covalent
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0063 Other, e.g. van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00635 by reactive plasma treatment
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00648 by the use of solid beads
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00702 Processes involving means for analysing and characterising the products
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00722 Nucleotides
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/6825 Nucleic acid detection involving sensors
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/6834 Enzymatic or biochemical coupling of nucleic acids to a solid phase
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 40/06 : Libraries containing nucleotides or polynucleotides, or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 70/00 : Tags or labels specially adapted for combinatorial chemistry or libraries, e.g. fluorescent tags or bar codes
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 80/00 : Linkers or spacers specially adapted for combinatorial chemistry or libraries, e.g. traceless linkers or safety-catch linkers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/531 : Production of immunochemical test materials
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54353 : with ligand attached to the carrier via a chemical coupling agent coatings G01N33/54393
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54366 : Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54373 : involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/553 : Metal or metal coated
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/56988 : HIV or HTLV
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5767 : non-A, non-B hepatitis
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 35/00069 : whereby the sample substrate is of the bio-disk type, i.e. having the format of an optical disk

Abstract

Optical disk-based assay devices and methods are described, in which analyte-specific signal elements are disposed on an optical disk substrate. In preferred embodiments, the analyte-specific signal elements are disposed readably with the disk'"'"'s tracking features. Also described are cleavable signal elements particularly suitable for use in the assay device and methods. Binding of the chosen analyte simultaneously to a first and a second analyte-specific side member of the cleavable signal element tethers the signal-responsive moiety to the signal element'"'"'s substrate-attaching end, despite subsequent cleavage at the cleavage site that lies intermediate the first and second side members. The signal responsive moiety reflects, absorbs, or refracts incident laser light. Described are nucleic acid hybridization assays, nucleic acid sequencing, immunoassays, cell counting assays, and chemical detection. Adaptation of the assay device substrate to function as an optical waveguide permits assay geometries suitable for continuous monitoring applications.

Claims

1. An assay device comprising:

a) a solid support substrate;

b) a cleavable signal element having;

a signal responsive moiety; and

a cleavable spacer for releasably attaching said signal responsive moiety to said substrate, said cleavable spacer having an end attached to said substrate, an end attached to said signal responsive moiety and a cleavage site intermediate said substrate-attaching end and said signal responsive end;

c) a first anchoring member having a first end attached to said substrate and a second end adapted to bind on a first site on a chosen analyte;

d) a second anchoring member having a first end attached to said signal responsive moiety and a second end adapted to bind on a second site on said chosen analyte; and

the signal responsive moiety remaining bound to the substrate after cleavage at the cleavage site only when said first and second anchoring members are bound to said chosen analyte.

2. An assay device according to claim 1, wherein said signal responsive moiety is adapted to reflect or scatter incident light.

3. An assay device according to claim 2, wherein said signal responsive moiety is a metal microsphere.

4. An assay device according to claim 3, wherein said metal microsphere is essentially a metal selected from the group of gold, silver, nickel, platinum, chromium and copper.

5. An assay device according to claim 4, wherein said metal microsphere is essentially gold.

6. An assay device according to claim 3, wherein said metal microsphere is ferromagnetic.

7. An assay device according to claim 1, wherein said first anchoring member and said second anchoring member include oligonucleotides.

8. An assay device according to claim 7, wherein said first and second anchoring member oligonucleotides are 5 mers-20 mers.

9. An assay device according to claim 1, wherein

said first anchoring member has a first antibody or antibody fragment, and

said second anchoring member has a second antibody or antibody fragment.

10. An assay device according to claim 1, wherein said solid support substrate is a plastic selected from the group of polypropylenes, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohols, polyethylenes, polymethylmethacrylates and polycarbonates.

11. An assay device according to claim 10, wherein said solid support substrate is polycarbonate.

12. An assay device according to claim 1, wherein said solid support substrate is fashioned as a disk.

13. An assay device according to claim 1, further having computer software encoded upon said support substrate.

14. An assay device according to claim 13, wherein said support substrate is a compact disc.

15. An assay device according to claim 13, wherein said support substrate is a digital video disc.