System for simultaneous unipolar multi-electrode ablation

• US 6,346,104 B2
• Filed: 01/22/1998
• Issued: 02/12/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/1996
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Cathrx Ltd
• Original Assignee: The Western Sydney Area Health Service
• Inventors: Hatzianestis, Konstadinos, Kovoor, Pramesh, Ross, David, Daly, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): COHEN, LEE S
• Application Number:
  US08/952,175
• Publication Number:
  US 20010020166A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,482 Days
• Field of Search: 606/34, 606/41, 606/49, 607/99, 607/119, 607/122
• US Class Current: 606/34
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/12 by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1206 Generators therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1477 Needle-like probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00084 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00654 with individual control of each of a plurality of energy emitting elements
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0066 without feedback, i.e. open loop control
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00791 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00797 measured by multiple temperature sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/124 switching the output to different electrodes, e.g. sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/126 bipolar
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1273 including multiple generators in one device
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1467 using more than two electrodes on a single probe

Abstract

A system (2,4), method and splitter (6) for ablating tissue (15) using radiofrequency (RF) energy is disclosed. The system (2,4) ablates tissue (15) using unipolar RF energy simultaneously delivered to multiple electrodes (22A-22D) in one or more probes (20). This is carried out by the multiple channel RF splitter (6) that can independently control the RP energy delivered through each channel (18) to a respective electrode (22A-22D) in a continuous manner. Each electrode (22A-22D) has a corresponding temperature sensor or transducer (36A-36D) that is processed independently so that the amount of RF energy delivered to each electrode (22A-22D) can be varied dependent on the temperature of the electrode (22A-22D) so that the lesion size produced by each electrode (22A-22D) can be accurately controlled. Preferably, each probe (20) has a needle-like structure with a number of electrodes (22A-22D) separated by insulative material and is adapted to puncture tissue. Each channel (18) of the splitter (6) has circuitry for interrupting current delivered to the respective channel if a predetermined temperature or current level is exceeded.

Claims

1. A system for ablating tissues, comprising:

means for generating RF energy;

a probe comprising N separate electrodes, each one of the electrodes having a corresponding means for sensing the temperature of said one of the electrodes;

splitter means for splitting said RF energy from said generating means to said electrodes, said splitter means having N separate channels respectively coupled to said N electrodes; and

means for independently controlling said splitter means for independently controlling an individual temperature and thereby ablation of tissue at each of said electrodes by using closed loop feedback of the temperature sensed of each of said electrodes by independently regulating the amount of said RF energy to each of said electrodes individually.

2. The system according to claim 1, comprising a plurality of probes and splitter means, wherein said controlling means separately controls each of said probes and said corresponding splitter means.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein said probe means has an elongated needle-like structure with one end adapted to puncture tissue and having sufficient rigidity to puncture said tissue, wherein each of said electrodes consists of a metal substantially circular surface separated one from another by insulation .

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein said probe is a catheter probe device.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein said RF energy has a single phase.

6. The system according to claim 1, further comprising means for independently and continuously adjusting said RF energy delivered to each electrode in response to a control signal from said controlling means dependent on said temperature of said electrode.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein said controlling means is programmable.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein each respective temperature sensing means comprises a thermocouple.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein said splitter means comprises means for independently interrupting current from said RF energy generating means to one or more of said electrodes.

10. The system according to claim 1, further comprising means for independently sensing at least one of the group consisting of the voltage, current, impedance and average power of each electrode to provide a corresponding measurement signal;

and

wherein said controlling means generates said control signal to independently interrupt delivery of said RF energy to said respective electrode when said meaurement signal exceeds a predetermined threshold condition.

11. A medical apparatus for treatment by radiofrequency (RF) ablation of tissue, said apparatus comprising;

an RF energy generator;

one or more probes each comprising a plurality of separate electrodes and corresponding temperature sensors for sensing the temperature of each of said electrodes, each of said temperature sensors being connected to a respective one of said electrodes;

a splitter for splitting RF energy of said RF energy generator, said splitter having a plurality of separate channels, wherein each of said electrodes is coupled to a respective one of said channels; and

a programmable controller coupled to said splitter for independently controlling an individual temperature and thereby ablation of tissue at each of said electrodes using closed loop feedback of the sensed temperature of each of said electrodes wherein the amount of said RF energy coupled to each of said electrodes is independently regulated by said programmable controller individually.

12. The medical apparatus according to claim 11, comprising at least two probes, and wherein said programmable controller separately controls each of said probes.

13. The medical apparatus according to claim 11, wherein each probe has an elongated needle-like structure with one end adapted to puncture tissue and having sufficient rigidity to puncture said tissue, wherein each of said electrodes consists of metal separated one from another by insulative material.

14. The medical apparatus according to claim 11 wherein said RF energy has a single phase.

15. The medical apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising means for independently and continuously adjusting said RF energy delivered to each electrode in response to said programmable controller dependent on said temperature of said electrode.

16. The medical apparatus according to claim 11 wherein each probe is a catheter device.

17. The medical apparatus according to claim 11, wherein each of said temperature sensors comprises a temperature transducer.

18. The medical apparatus according to claim 17 wherein said temperature transducer is a thermocouple at least partially embedded in said respective electrode.

19. The medical apparatus according to claim 11 wherein each channel of said splitter is coupled to means for interrupting current delivered to the corresponding electrode.

20. The medical apparatus according to claim 11 comprising means for independently interrupting the delivery of RF energy to each electrode when at least one of the voltage, current, impedance and average power measured at the respective electrode exceeds a predetermined threshold.

21. A method for ablating tissue, comprising the steps of:

generating RF energy;

providing a probe comprising N separate electrodes, each one of said electrodes having a corresponding means for sensing temperature of said one of said electrodes;

sensing the temperature of each of said electrodes using said temperature sensing means of said electrodes;

splitting said RF energy to said probe into N separate channels each being coupled to a corresponding one of said N electrodes; and

independently controlling the splitting of said RF energy to said electrodes for independently controlling an individual temperature and thereby ablation of tissue at each of said electrodes using closed loop feedback of the measured temperature of each of said electrodes independently by independently regulating the amount of said RF energy delivered to each of said electrodes.

22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising the step of separately controlling the splitting of said RF energy to a plurality of said probe.

23. The method according to claim 21, wherein said probe has an elongated needle-like structure with one end adapted to puncture tissue and having sufficient rigidity to puncture said tissue;

wherein each of said electrodes consists of a metal substantially circular surface separated one from another by insulation.

24. The method according to claim 21 wherein said RF energy has a single phase.

25. The method according to claim 21, further comprising the step of independently and continuously adjusting said RF energy delivered to each electrode in response to a control signal from a programmable controlling means dependent on said temperature of said electrode.

26. The method according to claim 21, further comprising the steps of:

sensing at least one of the group consisting of the voltage, current, impedance and average power of the respective electrode; and

independently interrupting the delivery of said RF energy to said electrode if a predetermined threshold is exceeded by the sensed value.

27. A method for treatment by radiofrequency (RF) ablation of tissue, said method comprising the steps of:

generating RF energy;

providing one or more probes each comprising a plurality of separate electrodes and corresponding temperature sensors, each one of said temperature sensors being connected to a respective one of said electrodes;

measuring the temperature of each of said electrodes using said respective one of said temperature sensors;

splitting said RF energy into a plurality of separate channels, wherein each of said electrodes is coupled to a respective one of said plurality of channels; and

programmably controlling the splitting of said RF energy so as to independently control an individual temperature and thereby ablation of tissue at each of said electrodes using closed loop feedback of the measured temperature of each of said electrodes wherein the amount of said RF energy coupled to each of said electrodes is independently regulated.

28. The method according to claim 27, comprising the further steps of using at least two probes, and programmably controlling each of said probes separately.

29. The method according to claim 27, wherein each probe has an elongated needle-like structure with one end adapted to puncture tissue and having sufficient rigidity to puncture said tissue, wherein each of said electrodes consists of metal separated one from another by insulative material.

30. The method according to claim 27, wherein said RF energy has a single phase.

31. The method according to claim 27, further comprising the step of independently and continuously adjusting said RF energy delivered to each electrode in response to said temperature of said eletrode.

32. The method according to claim 27, further comprising the step of independently interrupting the delivery of RF energy to each electrode when at least one of the voltage, current, impedance and average power measurement at the respective electrode exceeds a predetermined threshold.