Tracking percent overload signal as indicator of output signal magnitude

• US 6,348,816 B1
• Filed: 12/28/2000
• Issued: 02/19/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/28/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Avago Technologies International Sales Pte Limited (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Agere Systems Guardian Corp. (Broadcom, Inc.)
• Inventors: McNeill, Bruce W., Havens, Joseph H., Strobel, Christopher J.
• Primary Examiner(s): TRAN, TOAN V
• Application Number:
  US09/749,722
• Time in Patent Office: 418 Days
• Field of Search: 327/58-62, 327/72, 327/77, 327/91
• US Class Current: 327/58
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16571 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current G01R19/16514, G01R19/16519, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533, G01R19/1659 take precedence; measuring currents by using elements sensitive to the magnetic field generated G01R15/14; measuring earth resistance G01R27/18; testing for leakage or short circuits in electrical apparatus G01R31/52
• CPC Class Codes: H03K 5/08 by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding H03K5/07 takes precedence; comparing one pulse with another H03K5/22; providing a determined threshold for switching H03K17/30

Abstract

Tracking percent overload signal as an indicator of output signal magnitude is achieved by measuring the percent of time the envelope of a varying modulated signal is above a predetermined programmable threshold. The technique is implemented by a level detector including an envelope detector along with circuitry for detecting when the envelope has exceeded the programmable threshold. The output of the level detector is sampled and fed to a counter which provides a digital output which indicates the percentage of time the envelope exceeds the set threshold.

Claims

1. Apparatus for providing an indication of the magnitude of an electrical signal, comprising:

an envelope detector connected to an input signal and providing an envelope signal corresponding to the envelope of the input signal;

a voltage source providing threshold voltage of a selected value;

a circuit connected to the envelope signal and the threshold voltage and being operable to provide a binary output signal when the envelope signal exceeds the threshold voltage; and

an output circuit connected to the binary output signal for providing an indication of the percentage of time the binary output signal is high during a predetermined time period or window thereby providing an indication of the magnitude of the input signal.

2. The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein the envelope detector comprises a diode having one side connected to an input signal terminal and the other side connected to one side of a capacitor which is returned to a source of reference potential or ground.

3. The apparatus as defined by claim 2 and additionally including a current source shunting the capacitor.

4. The apparatus as defined by claim 2 wherein the circuit which provides the binary output signal comprises a difference circuit.

5. The apparatus as defined by claim 4 wherein the difference circuit comprises a comparator circuit.

6. The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein the output circuit includes a sampling circuit for sampling the binary output signal for a predetermined period and a counter for providing a measure of time the binary output signal is high, thereby providing an approximation of the magnitude of the input signal.

7. The apparatus as defined by claim 6 wherein the sampling circuit includes a clocked digital latch circuit.

8. The apparatus as defined by claim 1 and additionally comprising,

a second envelope detector circuit connected to the input signal,

a second voltage source providing a second threshold voltage of a selected value,

a second circuit for providing a second binary output signal when the envelope signal exceeds said second threshold voltage, and,

a second output circuit connected to said second binary output signal for providing an indication of the percentage of time said second binary output signal is high and thereby providing a further indication of the magnitude of the input signal.

9. The apparatus as defined by claim 8 and additionally including an amplifier circuit having a predetermined gain connecting said input signal to the second envelope detector circuit.

10. The apparatus as defined by claim 1 wherein the envelope detector circuit includes a first transistor element for providing said envelope signal, the circuit connected to the threshold voltage includes a second transistor element for preventing the envelope signal from falling below a predetermined level, and wherein the circuit providing the binary output signal comprises an active load circuit connected to the first and second transistor elements.

11. The apparatus as defined by claim 10 wherein the envelope detector circuit includes a third transistor element coupled to said first transistor element in a differential amplifier configuration for connection to a differential input signal.

12. The apparatus as defined by claim 11 and additionally including a clipping circuit connected to the active load circuit.

13. The apparatus as defined by claim 12 wherein the clipping circuit comprises an inverter.

14. A method of determining the level of an electrical input signal comprising the steps of:

detecting the envelope of the input signal and generating an envelope signal thereof;

generating a binary output signal only when the amplitude of the envelope signal exceeds a predetermined threshold level;

sampling the binary output signal for a predetermined time period; and

determining the portion of time the binary output signal is high during said time period for providing a measure of the amplitude of the input signal.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the step of determining comprises determining the percentage of time the binary output signal is high during said time period.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the step of determining includes providing a digital indication of said percentage of time.