Extremely high resolution foveated display

• US 6,351,335 B1
• Filed: 04/07/2000
• Issued: 02/26/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: New York University
• Original Assignee: New York University
• Inventors: Perlin, Kenneth
• Primary Examiner(s): Epps, Georgia
• Assistant Examiner(s): SEYRAFI, SAEED HMT
• Application Number:
  US09/543,959
• Time in Patent Office: 690 Days
• Field of Search: 359/618, 359/619, 359/626, 345/1, 345/98, 345/127
• US Class Current: 359/618
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 13/00 Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with variable magnification in general G02B15/00
• CPC Class Codes: G03B 21/006 using LCD's

Abstract

A foveated display. The display includes a computer. The display includes a detailed imaging element for imaging a detailed portion of an image from the computer. The imaging element is connected to the computer. The display includes a focusing mechanism for focusing the detailed portion of the image. The focusing mechanism is disposed adjacent to the imaging element and connected to the computer. The display includes a wide area imaging element for imaging a wide-area portion of the image. The wide area imaging element is connected to the computer. The display includes means to optically combine the detailed portion with the wide area portion to form a foveated image. The display includes an imaging lens which focuses the foveated image to a desired location wherein the detailed imaging element, the focusing mechanism and the wide area imaging element have no moving parts. A method for producing a foveated image. The method includes the steps of producing a detailed portion of the image with a detailed imaging element from a computer connected to the detailed imaging element. Then there is the step of producing a wide area portion of the image with a wide area imaging element from the computer connected to the wide area imaging element. Next there is the step of combining the detailed portion with the wide area portion to form the foveated image. Then there is the step of focusing the foveated image onto a desired location.

Claims

1. A foveated display comprising:

a computer;

a detailed imaging element for imaging a detailed portion of an image from the computer, the imaging element connected to the computer;

a focusing mechanism for focusing the detailed portion of the image, the focusing mechanism disposed adjacent to the imaging element and connected to the computer;

a wide area imaging element for imaging a wide-area portion of the image, the wide area imaging element connected to the computer;

means to optically combine the detailed portion with the wide area portion to form a foveated image; and

an imaging lens which focuses the foveated image to a desired location wherein the detailed imaging element, the focusing mechanism and the wide area imaging element have no moving parts.

2. A display as described in claim 1 wherein the focusing mechanism includes an active mask connected to the computer.

3. A display as described in claim 2 wherein the focusing mechanism includes focusing elements disposed between the detailed imaging element and the active mask for focusing the detailed portion of the active mask.

4. A display as described in claim 3 wherein the focusing mechanism includes a condensing lens for redirecting the detailed portion from the active mask to the combining means.

5. A display as described in claim 4 wherein the combining means includes a beam splitter disposed between the active mask and the wide area imaging element.

6. A display as described in claim 5 wherein the beam splitter is disposed at an intermediate angle between the active mask and the wide area imaging element.

7. A display as described in claim 6 wherein the focusing elements include an m×

n array of focusing elements.

8. A display as described in claim 7 wherein the detailed portion follows an optical axis and a distance A along the optical axis between the detailed imaging element and the array of forming elements is n/k times a distance B between the array of focusing elements and the active mask, where k is a positive integer.

9. A display as described in claim 8 wherein K=2.

10. A display as described in claim 9 wherein each focusing element has a focal length f such that 1/f=1/A+1/B.

11. A display as described in claim 10 including a pointing device which identifies where the detailed portion is disposed in the wide area portion.

12. A display as described in claim 5 wherein the beam splitter is disposed at a 45 degree angle between the active mask and the wide area imaging element.

13. A display as described in claim 5 wherein the beam splitter is a half-silvered mirror.

14. A method for producing a foveated image comprising the steps of:

producing a detailed portion of the image with a detailed imaging element from a computer connected to the detailed imaging element;

producing a wide area portion of the image with a wide area imaging element from the computer connected to the wide area imaging element;

combining the detailed portion with the wide area portion to form the foveated image; and

focusing the foveated image onto a desired location.

15. A method as described in claim 14 wherein the combining step includes the step of focusing the detailed image and the wide area image onto a beam splitter.

16. A method as described in claim 15 wherein the producing the wide area image step includes the steps of retrieving the wide area image from the computer, and multiplying it by a dark spot image computed by the computer.

17. A method as described in claim 16 wherein before the multiplying step, there is the step of calculating the dark spot to be centered on a foveated region of the foveated display.

18. A method as described in claim 17 wherein the calculating step includes the step of calculating the dark spot to have a size which makes a gradual spatial transition between the detailed portion and the wide area portion.

19. A method as described in claim 18 wherein the producing the detailed portion step includes the step of obtaining the detailed portion from the computer that consists of a rectangular array of active pixels in a torodial topology.

20. A method as described in claim 19 wherein before the combining step there is the step of projecting the detailed image through an active mask which blocks the transmission of light everywhere except at a selectively transparent spot surrounding the foveated region.

21. A method as described in claim 19 wherein the projecting step includes the step of positioning the transparent spot so as to be optically coincident with the dark spot image.