System and method for controlling air quality in a room

• US 6,369,716 B1
• Filed: 12/01/2000
• Issued: 04/09/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/01/2000
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Johnson Controls Technology Company (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Original Assignee: Johnson Controls Technology Company (Johnson Controls International plc)
• Inventors: Abbas, Mustafa, Clement, Bernard Philippe Nicolas, Seem, John E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Lefkowitz, Edward
• Application Number:
  US09/728,232
• Time in Patent Office: 494 Days
• Field of Search: 340/632, 340/606, 340/628, 340/532, 340/539, 340/533, 340/584
• US Class Current: 340/632
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/65 for selecting an operating mode
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/74 for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2011/0002 for admittance of outside air
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/50 Air quality properties
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/70 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 21/12 responsive to undesired emission of substances, e.g. pollution alarms
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

A system and method of controlling air quality within a room. The method includes determining a first discharge air temperature setpoint based upon a room temperature setpoint and a first value indicative of an air temperature within the room, and determining a first air flow control signal based upon the first discharge air temperature setpoint and a second value indicative of an air temperature of discharge air being provided into the room. The method further includes controlling an air flow device based upon the first air flow control signal, and maintaining a heating device employed to influence the air temperature of the discharge air at a maximum heating level. The method additionally includes monitoring a level of carbon dioxide within the room to determine whether the level is below a predetermined threshold.

Claims

1. A method of controlling air quality within a room, the method comprising:

(a) determining a first discharge air temperature setpoint based upon a room temperature setpoint and a first value indicative of an air temperature within the room;

(b) determining a first air flow control signal based upon the first discharge air temperature setpoint and a second value indicative of an air temperature of discharge air being provided into the room;

(c) controlling an air flow device based upon the first air flow control signal;

(d) maintaining a heating device employed to influence the air temperature of the discharge air at a maximum heating level; and

(e) monitoring a level of carbon dioxide within the room to determine whether the level is below a predetermined threshold.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining of the first discharge air temperature setpoint includes calculating a first difference between the first value and the room temperature setpoint at a first comparing device, and then processing the first difference at a first control element;

and

wherein the determining of the first air flow control signal includes calculating a second difference between the first discharge air temperature setpoint and the second value at a second comparing device, and then processing the second difference at a second control element.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein each of the first and second control elements is selected from the group consisting of a proportional integral control element and a proportional integral differential control element.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the air flow device is a fresh air damper that determines an amount of fresh air that is combined with return air to form the discharge air, and wherein the heating device is a HW/CW coil.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein, when the level of carbon dioxide being monitored exceeds a carbon dioxide setpoint such that the level is above the predetermined threshold, an alarm is triggered.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

switching to a first state of operation when the level of carbon dioxide falls below the predetermined threshold and remains below the predetermined threshold for a time out period determined by a low limit timer.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein (a)-(e) are performed during a second state of operation.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

(f) determining a second discharge air temperature setpoint based upon the room temperature setpoint and a third value indicative of the air temperature within the room;

(g) determining a heat control signal based upon the second discharge air temperature setpoint and a fourth value indicative of the air temperature of discharge air being provided into the room; and

(h) controlling the heating device based upon the heat control signal;

wherein, (f)-(h) are performed during the first state of operation.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising

(i) determining a second air flow control signal based upon the level of carbon dioxide in the room and a carbon dioxide setpoint;

and

(j) controlling the air flow device based upon the second air flow control signal.

10. The method of claim 9, switching to the second state of operation when the heat control signal is at a maximum level and remains at the maximum level for a saturation time period.

11. A system for controlling air quality within a room, the system comprising:

a damper for controlling an amount of a first type of air originating outside the room to be combined with a second type of air originating inside the room to form an air mixture;

an air pathway to which the damper is coupled, and within which the first and second types of air are combined to form the air mixture;

a coil assembly including a coil that is positioned within the air pathway and a valve that controls an amount of heat transferred with respect to the coil, the coil affecting a temperature of the air mixture before the air mixture is output to the room as discharge air; and

a controller coupled to the damper and to the valve, the controller providing first and second control signals respectively thereto,

wherein the controller operates in at least a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state the first and second control signals are varied to allow for the control of both an air temperature and a carbon dioxide level within the room, and in the second state the second control signal is maintained at a fixed level.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the controller switches from the first state to the second state when the second control signal attains a limit level.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the first type of air is fresh air, the second type of air is return air, the coil is heating the air mixture, and the controller switches from the first state to the second state when the second control signal attains a saturation level causing maximum heating by the coil and remains at the saturation level for a saturation time period.

14. The system of claim 12, further comprising:

a room sensor coupled to the controller and configured to provide a first signal to the controller, the first signal being indicative of the air temperature within the room;

a discharge air sensor coupled to the controller and configured to provide a second signal to the controller, the second signal being indicative of a discharge air temperature; and

a carbon dioxide sensor coupled to the controller and configured to provide a third signal to the controller, the third signal being indicative of the carbon dioxide level within the room.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the controller switches from the second state of operation to the first state of operation when the carbon dioxide level as indicated by the third signal falls below a second setpoint and remains below the second setpoint for a time out period.

16. The system of claim 14 wherein, in the second state of operation, the controller operates by way of a pair of cascaded control loops,

wherein a first of the cascaded control loops determines the first setpoint by calculating a first difference between a room temperature setpoint and the first signal and then processing the first difference, and a second of the cascaded control loops determines the first control signal by calculating a second difference between the first setpoint and the second signal and then processing the second difference.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the processing of the first and second differences is performed by way of a pair of respective proportional integral control elements.

18. The system of claim 16, wherein in the second state the controller further calculates a third difference between the third signal and a carbon dioxide setpoint, and the controller controls a status of an alarm based upon the third difference.

19. The system of claim 14, wherein in the first state of operation, the controller operates by way of a pair of cascaded control loops, and an additional control loop,

wherein a first of the cascaded control loops determines the first setpoint by calculating a first difference between a room temperature setpoint and the first signal and then processing the first difference, and a second of the cascaded control loops determines the second control signal by calculating a second difference between the first setpoint and the second signal and then processing the second difference, and

wherein the additional control loop determines the first control signal by calculating a third difference between the third signal and a carbon dioxide setpoint and then processing the third difference.

20. A system for controlling the air quality within a room, the system comprising:

a first means for regulating an amount of air being added to the room;

a second means for influencing the temperature of the air being added to the room; and

a third means for controlling the operation of, and coupled to, the first and second means;

wherein the third means operates in at least a first control state and a second control state, wherein in the first control state the third means can control the first and second means so that both a temperature of the air within the room and a carbon dioxide level within the room are within desired ranges, and wherein in the second control state the third means can control the first means so that at least the temperature of the air within the room is within a desired range.