Efficient solid-state light emitting device with excited phosphors for producing a visible light output

• US 6,373,188 B1
• Filed: 12/22/1998
• Issued: 04/16/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 12/22/1998
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Technical LED Intellectual Property, LLC (Fred DuFresne)
• Original Assignee: Honeywell International Inc.
• Inventors: Johnson, Burgess R., Yang, Wei
• Primary Examiner(s): Patel, Nimeshkumar D.
• Assistant Examiner(s): GUHARAY, KARABI
• Application Number:
  US09/218,816
• Time in Patent Office: 1,211 Days
• Field of Search: 313/498-512, 313/112, 313/113, 257/94, 257/98, 257/99, 257/96, 257/97, 257/81, 257/91, 257/680
• US Class Current: 313/506
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/156 two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/10 with a light reflecting structure, e.g. semiconductor Bragg reflector
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/46 Reflective coating, e.g. dielectric Bragg reflector
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/505 characterised by the shape, e.g. plate or foil

Abstract

A more efficient solid-state light emitting device in which phosphors excited by radiation produce visible light. The efficiency is increased by, for example, providing a reflector adjacent to the phosphor layer for reflecting at least some of the radiation that passes through the phosphor, back into the phosphor. The reflector may also reflect at least some of the visible light that is emitted by the phosphor toward a designated light output. Alternatively, or in addition to, the lateral edges of the active region of the radiation source can be at least partially surrounded by a visible light emitting phosphor and a reflector. This allows more of the radiation to interact, and thus excite, the phosphor material, making the device more efficient. The reflector also may reduce optical and radiation cross talk between adjacent light emitting devices.

Claims

1. A light emitting device comprising:

a phosphor layer having two opposing sides including one or more excitable, light-emitting phosphors;

a radiation source positioned adjacent a first one of the two opposing sides of the phosphor layer for providing a radiation to excite a light emission from the phosphor layer, the radiation source having a first contact region and a second contact region;

reflector means provided adjacent a second one of the two opposing sides of the phosphor layer for reflecting at least some of the radiation and light emission that exits from the phosphor layer back into the phosphor layer; and

wherein said reflector means comprises a first contact layer positioned over at least part of the phosphor layer, the first contact layer being at least partially reflective and at least partially electrically conductive, said first contact layer being electrically connected to the first contact region.

2. A light emitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a second contact layer that is electrically connected to the second contact region.

3. A visible light emitting device comprising:

a transparent substrate;

a phosphor layer including one or more excitable, visible light-emitting phosphors;

a radiation source positioned between the transparent substrate and the phosphor layer for providing a radiation to excite visible light emission from the phosphor layer, the radiation source having a first contact region and a second contact region;

a first contact layer provided over at least part of the phosphor layer and reflecting at least some of the radiation that travels through the phosphor layer back into the phosphor layer, the first contact layer being electrically connected to the first contact region; and

a second contact layer being electrically connected to the second contact region.

4. A visible light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein said phosphor layer includes one or more UV-excitable, visible light-emitting phosphors, and said radiation source is a UV radiation source emitting ultraviolet radiation.

5. A visible light emitting device according to claim 4, further including a UV mirror for reflecting UV radiation, the UV mirror being positioned between the UV radiation source and the transparent substrate and being at least partially transparent to visible light.

6. A visible light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein the radiation source has a top surface, one or more side walls, and a lower portion that extends laterally outward from the one or more side walls, said phosphor layer being positioned between at least part of the top surface of the radiation source and the first contact layer.

7. A visible light emitting device according to claim 6, wherein the first contact layer extends over at least part of the top surface and down at least part of selected side walls of the radiation source.

8. A visible light emitting device according to claim 7, wherein the radiation source includes a first portion that is of a first conductivity type and a second portion that is of a second conductivity type, with an active region therebetween.

9. A visible light emitting device according to claim 8, wherein the first portion of the radiation source is at least partially in the region defined by the top surface and the one or more side walls of the radiation source, and the second portion is at least partially in the lower portion of the radiation source that extends laterally outward from the one or more side walls.

10. A visible light emitting device according to claim 9, wherein the second portion of the radiation source forms at least part of the second contact region.

11. A visible light emitting device according to claim 10, wherein the phosphor layer and the first contact layer do not overlap the second portion of the radiation source in an open region sad second contact layer making an electrical connection to the second portion of the radiation source in the open region.

12. A visible light emitting device according to claim 11, wherein the phosphor layer is an elongate phosphor strip having a length and a width, the length of the phosphor layer aligned with the radiation device in a first direction.

13. A visible light emitting device according to claim 12, wherein the first contact layer is an elongate strip having a length and a width, the length of the first contact layer aligned with the elongate phosphor strip.

14. A visible light emitting device according to claim 13, wherein the second contact layer is an elongate strip having a length and a width, the length of the second contact layer aligned with the radiation device in a second direction, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

15. A visible light emitting device according to claim 14, wherein the second contact layer is positioned above the first contact layer and separated therefrom by an insulating layer.

16. A visible light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein the first contact layer is formed from, at least in part, aluminum.

17. A visible light emitting device according to claim 3, wherein the radiation source is a GaN-based light emitting diode.

18. A visible light emitting device according to claim 17, wherein the transparent substrate is formed from, at least in part, sapphire.

19. A visible light emitting device according to claim 17, wherein one or more excitable, visible light-emitting phosphors, produces a visible light emission having a color that is selected from the group consisting of red, green, and blue.

20. A visible light emitting device comprising:

a transparent substrate;

a phosphor layer including one or more excitable, visible light-emitting phosphors;

a radiation source positioned between the transparent substrate and the phosphor layer for providing a radiation to excite visible light emission from the phosphor layer, the radiation source having a first contact region and a second contact region;

a first contact layer provided over at least part of the phosphor layer and reflecting at least some of the visible light emission from the phosphor layer back toward the transparent substrate, the first contact layer being electrically connected to the first contact region; and

a second contact layer being electrically connected to the second contact region.

21. A visible light emitting device according to claim 20, wherein said phosphor layer includes one or more UV-excitable, visible light-emitting phosphors, and said radiation source is a UV radiation source.

22. A light emitting device comprising:

a radiation source having a first contact region and a second contact region for providing radiation, said radiation source having a top surface and one or more side walls;

a phosphor layer provided adjacent to at least a portion of the one or more side walls of the radiation source, the phosphor layer including one or more excitable, light-emitting phosphors that produce a light emission when excited by the radiation, the phosphor layer extending laterally away from the side walls of the radiation source a selected distance, at least in one direction, to define a top wall and one or more side walls;

a first contact layer, the first contact layer being provided over at least part of the top wall of the phosphor layer.

23. A light emitting device according to claim 22, wherein the first contact layer is provided over at least part of the one or more side walls of the phosphor layer.

24. A light emitting device according to claim 23, wherein the first contact layer is electrically connected to the bottom portion of the radiation source.

25. A light emitting device according to claim 22, wherein the first contact layer is formed from, at least in part, aluminum.

26. A light emitting device according to claim 22, further comprising a second contact layer, the second contact layer electrically connected to the top portion of the radiation source.

27. A light emitting device comprising:

a radiation source having a first contact region and a second contact region for providing radiation, said radiation source having a top surface and one or more side walls;

a phosphor layer provided adjacent to at least a portion of the one or more side walls of the radiation source, the phosphor layer including one or more excitable, light-emitting phosphors that produce a light emission when excited by the radiation;

a first contact layer for providing an electrical connection to the first contact region of the radiation source; and

wherein the first contact layer reflects UV radiation.

28. A light emitting device, comprising:

a radiation source having a first contact region and a second contact region for providing radiation, said radiation source having a top surface and one or more side walls;

a phosphor layer provided adjacent to at least a portion of the one or more side walls of the radiation source, the phosphor layer including one or more excitable, light-emitting phosphors that produce a light emission when excited by the radiation;

a first contact layer for providing an electrical connection to the first contact region of the radiation source; and

wherein the first contact layer reflects visible light.

29. An array of visible light emitting devices, comprising:

a transparent substrate;

an array of phosphor segments, each including one or more excitable, visible light-emitting phosphors;

an array of radiation sources positioned between the transparent substrate and the array of phosphor segments for selectively providing radiation to excite visible light emission from corresponding phosphor segments, each of the radiation sources having a first contact region and a second contact region;

a number of column contact layers, each of the column contact layers being provided over at least part of the phosphor segments of the radiation sources that lie in a corresponding column of the array of radiation sources, the column contact layers reflecting at least some of the radiation that exits from the corresponding phosphor segments back into the phosphor segments, the column contact layers being electrically connected to the first contact regions of the radiation sources that lie in the corresponding column; and

a number of row contact layers, each of the row contact layers being electrically connected to the first contact regions of the radiation sources that lie in a corresponding row of the array of radiation sources.

30. An array of visible light emitting devices according to claim 29, wherein the column contact layers also reflect at least some of the visible light emission from the corresponding phosphor segments.

31. An array of visible light emitting devices according to claim 30, wherein selected radiation sources of the array of radiation sources have side walls that face adjacent radiation sources, said column contact layers extending adjacent at least a portion of selected side walls to help reduce optical cross talk between the radiation sources.

32. An array of visible light emitting devices according to claim 31, wherein selected phosphor segments also extend along at least a portion of selected side walls of selected radiation sources, between the side walls and the corresponding column contact layers.