Programmable low battery detector

• US 6,373,256 B1
• Filed: 01/08/1999
• Issued: 04/16/2002
• Est. Priority Date: 01/08/1999
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Semiconductor Components Industries LLC (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation (ON Semiconductor Corporation)
• Inventors: Watts, Charles Jr., Hanjani, Hassan M., Hou, Hungyu Howard
• Primary Examiner(s): Metjahic, Safet
• Assistant Examiner(s): Nguyen, Vincent Q.
• Application Number:
  US09/233,723
• Time in Patent Office: 1,194 Days
• Field of Search: 324/433, 324/429, 324/427, 320/13, 320/48, 320/132
• US Class Current: 324/433
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 15/04 Voltage dividers
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16542 for batteries charge condition monitoring in G01R31/36
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/3648 comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm

Abstract

A low battery detect circuit with digitally programmable detect levels. The programmable low battery detect circuit includes a comparator that compares a stable reference voltage against a battery-supplied voltage as divided down by a digitally programmable resistive divider chain. By programmably varying the resistance of the divider chain, the low battery detect threshold level can be varied depending on the requirements of the application.

Claims

1. A programmable low battery detect circuit, comprising:

a comparator receiving voltage supplied by a battery having first and second terminals, and having a first input, a second input, and an output;

a reference voltage generating circuit configured to generate a stable voltage and having an output coupled to the first input of the comparator; and

a resistive voltage divider chain coupled between the first and second terminals of the battery, and coupled to the second input of the comparator,

wherein, the resistive voltage divider chain includes a fixed resistive element and a programmable resistive element, and wherein, the programmable resistive element comprises;

a plurality of resistive segments,

a plurality of transistors coupled to the plurality of resistive segments, and

digitally programmable control logic having a plurality of outputs respectively coupled to the plurality of transistors.

2. The programmable low battery detect circuit of claim 1 wherein the fixed resistive element couples between the second input of the comparator and the first terminal of the battery, and wherein the programmable resistive element couples between the second input of the comparator and the second terminal of the battery.

3. The programmable low battery detect circuit of claim 2 wherein the plurality of transistors in the programmable resistive divider are serially connected between a first node and a second node, with a plurality of taps therebetween.

4. The programmable low battery detect circuit of claim 3 wherein the plurality of transistors are of the field effect transistor (FET) type each having a first source/drain terminal coupled to the first node, and a second source/drain terminal respectively coupled to one of the plurality of taps.

5. The programmable low battery detect circuit of claim 4 wherein the digitally programmable control logic comprises a decoder that receives programming data at its input terminals and generates control signals at its plurality of outputs.

6. The programmable low battery detect circuit of claim 5 wherein the reference voltage generating circuit is a band-gap circuit coupled between the first and second terminals of the battery.

7. The programmable battery detect circuit of claim 6 wherein the resistive divider chain comprises a first plurality of serially-connected fixed resistive elements coupled between the first terminal of the battery and the second input of the comparator, and a second plurality of fixed resistive elements coupled between the second input of the comparator and the first node.

8. The programmable battery detect circuit of claim 7 wherein a value of resistance of each one of the first plurality of serially-connected fixed resistive elements, and each one of the second plurality of fixed resistive elements is substantially equal to a total value of resistance of the plurality of resistive segments in the programmable resistive element.

9. The programmable battery detect circuit of claim 8 wherein the programmable resistive element comprises eight resistive segments coupled to eight transistors, and wherein the decoder receives a three-bit programming data to generate eight binary control signals driving gate terminals of the eight transistors.

10. The programmable battery detect circuit of claim 8 further comprising an enabling transistor having a first current carrying terminal coupled to the second node and to a node of the comparator, a second current carrying terminal coupled to the second terminal of the battery, and a third terminal operative to receive a signal which either enables or disables the enabling transistor.

11. A programmable low battery detect circuit, comprising:

a comparator receiving voltage supplied by a battery having first and second terminals, and having a first input, a second input, and an output;

a reference voltage generating circuit configured to generate a stable voltage and having an output coupled to the first input of the comparator; and

a resistive voltage divider chain coupled between the first and second terminals of the battery, and coupled to the second input of the comparator,

wherein, the resistive voltage divider chain includes a fixed resistive element and a programmable resistive element, and wherein, the programmable resistive element comprises;

a plurality of resistive segments,

a plurality of transistors coupled to the plurality of resistive segments, and

digitally programmable control logic having a plurality of outputs respectively coupled to the plurality of transistors, wherein the fixed resistive element couples between the second input of the comparator and the first terminal of the battery, and wherein the programmable resistive element couples between the second input of the comparator and the second terminal of the battery, wherein the plurality of transistors in the programmable resistive divider are serially connected between a first node and a second node, with a plurality of taps therebetween, wherein the plurality of transistors are of the field effect transistor (FET) type each having a first source/drain terminal coupled to the first node, and a second source/drain terminal respectively coupled to one of the plurality of taps, wherein the digitally programmable control logic comprises a decoder that receives programming data at its input terminals and generates control signals at its plurality of outputs, wherein the programmable battery detect circuit further comprises a storage circuit configured to receive and store the programming data, output of the storage circuit being coupled to the decoder.

12. The programmable battery detect circuit of 11 further comprising a controller coupled to the storage circuit, the controller having input/output terminals configured to interface with external circuitry.

13. The programmable battery detect circuit of 12 wherein programming data is loaded into the storage circuit by the controller to selectively switch the state of the plurality of transistors to obtain a desired resistance value of the programmable resistive element, thereby adjusting a voltage level at the second input of the comparator and a level at which low battery is detected.

14. A programmable low battery detect circuit, comprising:

a comparator receiving voltage supplied by a battery having first and second terminals, and having a first input, a second input, and an output;

a reference voltage generating circuit configured to generate a stable voltage and having an output coupled to the first input of the comparator; and

a resistive voltage divider chain coupled between the first and second terminals of the battery, and coupled to the second input of the comparator,

wherein, the resistive voltage divider chain includes a fixed resistive element and a programmable resistive element, and wherein, the programmable resistive element comprises;

a plurality of resistive segments,

a plurality of transistors coupled to the plurality of resistive segments, and

digitally programmable control logic having a plurality of outputs respectively coupled to the plurality of transistors, wherein the fixed resistive element couples between the second input of the comparator and the first terminal of the battery, and wherein the programmable resistive element couples between the second input of the comparator and the second terminal of the battery, wherein the plurality of transistors in the programmable resistive divider are serially connected between a first node and a second node, with a plurality of taps therebetween, wherein the plurality of transistors are of the field effect transistor (FET) type each having a first source/drain terminal coupled to the first node, and a second source/drain terminal respectively coupled to one of the plurality of taps, wherein the digitally programmable control logic comprises a decoder that receives programming data at its input terminals and generates control signals at its plurality of outputs, wherein the reference voltage generating circuit is a band-gap circuit coupled between the first and second terminals of the battery, wherein the resistive divider chain comprises a first plurality of serially-connected fixed resistive elements coupled between the first terminal of the battery and the second input of the comparator, and a second plurality of fixed resistive elements coupled between the second input of the comparator and the first node, wherein at least one of the first plurality of fixed resistive elements is configured into a plurality of mask programmable resistive segments.

15. A method for detecting a low battery condition for a battery, the method comprising the steps of:

supplying the battery voltage to a programmable resistive divider chain;

measuring the battery voltage level on an internal node of the programmable resistive divider chain, where the internal node carries a divided-down value of the battery voltage level;

adjusting the divided-down value of the battery voltage level by programmably varying resistance values in the resistive divider chain; and

comparing the adjusted divided-down value of the battery voltage level to a stable reference voltage.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the step of adjusting further comprises the steps of:

applying resistor programming data to a programmable register;

decoding the resistor programming data; and

applying decoded resistor programming data to the programmable resistive divider chain.

17. A programmable low battery detect circuit, comprising:

a comparator coupled between ground and a source of power supplied by a battery, and having a first input, a second input and an output;

a band-gap reference circuit coupled between the source of power and ground, and having an output coupled to the first input of the comparator;

a resistor voltage divider chain comprising;

a fixed resistor coupled between the source of power and the second input of the comparator, and

a programmable resistor circuit coupled between the second input of the comparator and ground, the programmable resistor circuit including a plurality of serially-connected resistor segments coupled to a plurality of transistors,

a decoder having a plurality of inputs and a plurality of outputs, the plurality of outputs of the decoder being coupled to the plurality of transistors in the programmable resistor circuit;

a register having a plurality of inputs, the register having storage elements configured to store programming data receive on its plurality of inputs;

a controller having input/output terminals to interface with external circuitry; and

a bus coupling the controller to the register,

wherein, the controller supplies programming data to the storage element, in response to which the decoder generates control signals that control the state of the plurality of transistors in the programmable resistor circuit.